The Amur Oblast labor market stability against the backdrop of the new coronavirus disease spread

Subject. This article examines the impact of the spread of a new coronavirus disease on the condition of the labor market of the Amur Oblast. Objectives. The article aims to identify trends in the development of the labor market of the Amur Oblast in the coronavirus spread context. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. Results. The article finds that the restrictions imposed in order to prevent the spread of the new coronavirus infection have had an effect on the labor market in the Amur Oblast. It notes the deformation of the structure of demand for labor and labor supply in the Amur Oblast at present. Conclusions. Currently, government support for the population, including the employed and unemployed, and enterprises of various forms of ownership is of particular importance.

The incidence of dermatoses and their prevalence in the Amur Oblast

The article analyzes the dynamics of the prevalence and morbidity of the population of the Amurskaya Oblast with diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue in general, as well as for specific nosologies (psoriasis, atopic dermatitis), for the period 2010–2020. The analysis of prevalence and morbidity indicators was also carried out in the context of age groups of the population, dispensary observation, the main measures were identified to intensify treatment and prophylactic work at the stages of prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation

Modernization of the peripheral region's economy in the context of geostrategic priority implementation

Subject. This article examines the transformations taking place during the modernization of the economy of the Amur Oblast. Objectives. The article aims to assess the changes taking place in the transport system of the Amur Oblast. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of comparative and statistical analyses. Results. We found that along with the implementation of major transport projects in the Amur Oblast, significant efforts were made in terms of the construction and reconstruction of regional highways and local roads, and the development of railway, air and water transport facilities. Conclusions. Systemic problems that persist in the transport complex and govern infrastructure constraints in the socio-economic development of the Oblast impede the implementation of transit functions in interregional and international transport.

Урбанизация российского Дальнего Востока: Амурская область в 1989–2019 гг.

Introduction. Accelerated development of the Far East has been — and still is — one of the main priorities of Russia’s regional policy in the 2010s. The cities and urban agglomerations of the region are proclaimed by the Russian government as key basic points of further economic growth in this part of the country. At the same time, despite the efforts of the federal and regional authorities, the processes of urbanization in most regions of the Far East are still in crisis. Goals. The study aims to analyze the results of the Soviet urbanization in Amur Oblast and the dynamics of urbanization processes in the region over the past three decades. Materials and Methods. Analyzing official statistical data, as well as statutory instruments at the national, regional and local levels, the paper uses a set of general scientific methods, the statistical method, and special methods of historical research, in particular, the problem-chronological one. Results. The entire system of urban settlements in Amur Oblast experienced a dramatic socioeconomic, infrastructural and demographic crisis in the 1990-2010s. Even the first half of the 1990s witnessed a weakening of urbanization processes and an outflow of population from the region caused by the restructuring and crisis of production, the weakening of state social policy, a decrease in investments in the engineering and household development of territories, and insufficient solution of housing problems. In the structure of urban settlements, the greatest changes have affected workmen’s settlements most of which have lost the prospects for industrial development. In the early 2010s, the development of urban settlements in the region was still constrained by a number of economic factors (the regional budget deficit and its dependence on federal subsidies, the ongoing production crisis of most of the city-forming enterprises, etc.). Large infrastructure projects in the region (construction of the Vostochny Cosmodrome, Power of Siberia gas pipeline, Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean oil pipeline, creation of advanced development areas) have supported urban settlements of the region’s industrial center in the 2010s. However, cities and towns in the north of the region have not received tangible sources of growth as a result of the Baikal–Amur Mainline project crisis. Conclusions. By the end of the 2010s, the general crisis of urbanization processes in the region resulted in that the network of urban settlements acquired more linear features — along the Trans-Siberian railway line — that be accompanied by concentrate resettlement towards Blagoveshchensk.

Socio-economic functions of priority development areas and their implementation in the ecosystem of the Russian Far East

Subject. We investigate the functions of priority development areas created in the subjects of the Russian Far East. Objectives. The study aims to determine the functional purpose of such areas and assess how they fulfill their socio-economic functions. Methods. We employ methods of generalization, systematization, sampling and grouping of socio-economic indicators of organizations and sole proprietors that have been granted the status of residents of priority development areas, methods of statistical, economic, correlation, and regression analysis. Results. The analysis shows that the regions of the Russian Far East have been intensively developing over the recent years. This leads to changes in the volume of investment, GRP and its structure, fixed assets, and created jobs. The paper identifies the main functions of priority development areas and includes findings on their implementation. Conclusions. At the initial stage of advanced development regime, there have been positive trends associated with a growth in investment inflows (Amur Oblast, Primorsky Krai), increased labor resources and employment expansion (Primorsky Krai, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), export orientation of projects (Amur Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai), production ramp-up in manufacturing (Primorsky and Khabarovsk Krai, Amur Oblast), modernization and renewal of fixed assets (Sakhalin Oblast, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Karyotypes and genome size of Adonis amurensis and Adonis apennina (Ranunculaceae) from Asian Russia

The karyotypes of Adonis amurensis from Amur Oblast,' and Adonis apennina from Altai Republic, Khakassia Republic, and Irkutsk Oblast' have been investigated. The karyotype formula was obtained as 2n = 2x =16 = 8m + 8sm(4sat) for all specimens. We estimated karyotype asymmetry through the calculation of the Coefficient of Variation of Chromosome Length (CVCL), Coefficient of Variation of Centromeric Index (CVCI), and Mean Centromeric Asymmetry (MCA), and determination of Stebbins asymmetry index. The chromosome set of Adonis amurensis was found to be more symmetrical than the chromosome set of Adonis apennina. The average absolute nuclear DNA content (2C–value) was originally determined for Adonis amurensis and Adonis apennina by flow cytometry and attained on average 20.38 pg and 17.29 pg, respectively.

Peculiarities of acute viral respiratory infections pathogens epidemiology and circulation in some regions of the Russian Far East during two epidemic seasons (2017-2018 and 2018- 2019 years)

Aim. To reveal peculiarities of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) incidence among population of the Far Eastern Federal District depending on viral etiology during two epidemic seasons (2017-2018 and 2018-2019). Materials and methods. Method of epidemiological analysis by means of ARVI incidence with weekly epidemic thresholds as utilized. Laboratory diagnosis of respiratory viruses was carried out by applying RT-PCR method and test-kits of the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology. In order to determine relations between ARVI incidence and viral etiological structure of ARVI correlation and regression analysis was performed. Results. Identical epidemical tendencies with differences in ARVI incidence intensity were registered in the evaluated constituent entities of the Russian Far East. Utmost intensity of epidemic process was revealed in the Republic Sakha (Yakutia) and Sakhalin Oblast. In the south regions (Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krai, Amur Oblast) ARVI incidence, occasionally excessing epidemic threshold was lower. Territorial and time irregularity is peculiar for etiology of infections in the Russian Far East. During the epidemic season of 2017-2018 statistically significant prevalence was determined for the influenza virus B in Primorsky and Khabarovsk Krai, influenza virus A(H3N2) ‒ in the Sakhalin Oblast, respiratory syncytial virus ‒ in the Republic Sakha (Yakutia), rhinoviruses were dominant in the Amur Oblast. During the 2018-2019 epidemic season influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09 was mostly prevalent in most of the constituent entities of the Russian Far East. Compared to the other regions of the Far Eastern Federal District in the Amur Oblast were revealed differences in circulation of respiratory viruses predominantly of non-influenza origin during two observed epidemic seasons. Conclusion. Constant evaluation of ARVI epidemics under the conditions of constantly changing landscape of circulating viruses in a particular region can be useful for determination of strategies and tactics of epidemiological response.