INVESTIGATION OF TROPHOBLAST IN TORCH INFECTION ON ABORTION MATERIAL IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY

This study is a fragment of a series of immunohistochemical studies of trophoblast with TORCH infection, which are scheduled to be carried out at different gestational dates. This article deals with the results of trophoblast studies at the gestational age of 7-8 weeks. The study examined abortion material 7-8 weeks of gestation. The main group of the study consisted of 18 observations of TORCH infection, and the control group consisted of 17 observations of an aborted pregnancy without signs of an infectious process (abortion for social reasons). An immunohistochemical procedure was performed on metalloproteinases-2 with primary antibodies and polymer antigen imaging system using DAKO diaminobenzidine. The method of computer microdensitometry in a specialized computer program ImageJ evaluated the optical density of the color. According to the results of immunohistochemical studies using computer microdensitometry at the gestational age of 7-8 weeks, both with TORCH infection and without it an infectious process, strong expression of metalloproteinase-2 is observed in the invasive trophoblast, the smallest – in the syncytotrophoblast of the chorionic villi, and intermediate values are noted in chorionic villus cytotrophoblast and cell column cytotrophoblast. With TORCH infection the expression of metalloproteinase-2 decreases in all the four types of trophoblast (cytotrophoblast of chorionic villi; cytotrophoblast of cell columns; invasive cytotrophoblast in endometrial fragments), except for syncytotrophoblast of chorionic villi was found.

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Immunohistochemical study of trophoblast cells using abortion material in the gestation period 9-12 weeks of pregnancy in women against the background of inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs

Bukovinian Medical Herald ◽

10.24061/2413-0737.xxv.1.97.2021.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1(97)) ◽

pp. 31-36

Author(s):

A. Hoshovska ◽

I. Davydenko ◽

S. Yasnikovska ◽

A. Tesliuk ◽

O. Panchenko

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Imaging System ◽

Chorionic Villus ◽

Gestation Period ◽

Immunohistochemical Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Chorionic Villi ◽

Infectious Process ◽

Torch Infection ◽

Immunohistochemical Studies

Abstract. This article is devoted to the results of studies of trophoblast during the gestation of 9-12 weeks. This study is a fragment of a series of immunohistochemical studies of trophoblast with TORCH infection, which are scheduled to be carried out at different gestational dates. Purpose of the study – in various types of trophoblast using the immunohistochemical method to establish the features of the expression of metalloproteinase-2 using abortion material in gestation period 9-12 weeks of pregnancy with TORCH infection compared with observations without an infectious process. Material and methods. The main group of the study consisted of 24 observations of TORCH infection, and the control group - 22 observations of an aborted pregnancy without signs of an infectious process (abortion for social reasons). The study examined abortion material 9-12 weeks of gestation. The method of microdensitometry in a specialized computer program ImageJ evaluated the optical density of the color, and an immunohistochemical procedure was performed on metalloproteinase-2 with primary antibodies and a polymer antigen imaging system using DAKO diaminobenzidine. Results. According to the results of immunohistochemical studies using computer microdensitometry at a gestational age of 9-12 weeks, the very expression of metalloproteinase-2 is observed in the invasive trophoblast, the smallest - in the syncytotrophoblast of the choric villi, both with TORCH infection and without an infectious process, and intermediate values are noted in chorionic villus cytotrophoblast and cell column cytotrophoblast. Infection, the expression of metalloproteinase-2 is reduced in all four types of trophoblast (cytotrophoblast of chorionic villi; cytotrophoblast of cell columns; invasive cytotrophoblast in endometrial fragments), with TORCH except for syncytotrophoblast of chorionic villi. Conclusions. According to the results of immunohistochemical studies using computer microdensitometry at a gestational age of 9-12 weeks, both with TORCH infection and without an infectious process, the largest expression of metalloproteinase-2 is observed in invasive trophoblast, the smallest - in the syncytiotrophoblast of chorionic villi, and intermediate indices are noted in the cytotrophoblast of chorionic villi and the cytotrophoblast of cell columns. The expression of metalloproteinase-2 decreases in all types of trophoblast with TORCH infection, excluding the syncytiotrophoblast of chorionic villi.

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Features of the histological structure of trophoblast and chorionic villi with recurrent pregnancy loss in women with thrombophilias

I P Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald ◽

10.23888/pavlovj20174621-641 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 621-641

Author(s):

A. I. Mirov ◽

O. N. Kharkevich ◽

O. E. Golofast ◽

I. B. Glukhovets

Keyword(s):

Significant Role ◽

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽

Chorionic Villus ◽

Fetal Loss ◽

First Trimester ◽

Control Group ◽

Histological Structure ◽

Chorionic Villi ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy

The frequency of recurrent pregnancy loss does not tend to decrease. This pathology continues to be one of the important problems of modern medicine. It is known that thrombophilia can play a significant role in the etiology of spontaneous reproductive losses. However, the pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous loss of pregnancy in the presence of maternal thrombophilia is not fully understood. Aim. To identify the features of the histological structure of trophoblasts and chorionic villi in the first trimester of pregnancy in women with thrombophilia and recurrent pregnancy loss, with careful exclusion of other possible causes of fetal loss syndrome. Material and Methods. Histological examination of 49 chorion tissue samples from 24 patients with thrombophilia and recurrent pregnancy loss in the first trimester (study group) was performed. The controls were samples of chorion tissue taken during artificial abortion in 33 healthy women who had a history of 2 or more spontaneous labor without significant complications. Thrombophilia diagnosis and hemostasis system state evaluation was performed for all patients on the basis of analysis of 30 parameters according to standard methods. All studies were conducted at the Regional clinical hospital № 8 in Ryazan as well as the scientific and clinical center of hematology, oncology and immunology of the Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov of Health Ministry of the Russian Federation. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out with the help of computer program package Statistica (version 10). Results. Significant differences in the histological structure of trophoblast and chorionic villi in the studied women were revealed, in comparison with those in the control group. It is proved that the presence of thrombophilia negatively affects the process of embryogenesis and contributes to a significant reduction in the area of the chorionic villus vessels in the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion. It is proved that the presence of thrombophilia has a negative effect on the process of embryogenesis and significantly reduces the vascular area of chorionic villi that can probably play a significant role in the pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss.

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First trimester secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 and other adipokine serum concentrations in women developing gestational diabetes mellitus

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0242423 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0242423

Author(s):

Joost H. N. Schuitemaker ◽

Rik H. J. Beernink ◽

Arie Franx ◽

Thomas I. F. H. Cremers ◽

Maria P. H. Koster

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

First Trimester ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Control Group ◽

Related Protein ◽

Serum Samples ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate whether soluble frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP4) concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy is individually, or in combination with Leptin, Chemerin and/or Adiponectin, associated with the development of gestational diabetes (GDM). Methods In a nested case-control study, 50 women with GDM who spontaneously conceived and delivered a live-born infant were matched with a total of 100 uncomplicated singleton control pregnancies based on body mass index (± 2 kg/m2), gestational age at sampling (exact day) and maternal age (± 2 years). In serum samples, obtained between 70–90 days gestational age, sFRP4, Chemerin, Leptin and Adiponectin concentrations were determined by ELISA. Statistical comparisons were performed using univariate and multi-variate logistic regression analysis after logarithmic transformation of the concentrations. Discrimination of the models was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC). Results First trimester sFRP4 concentrations were significantly increased in GDM cases (2.04 vs 1.93 ng/ml; p<0.05), just as Chemerin (3.19 vs 3.15 ng/ml; p<0.05) and Leptin (1.44 vs 1.32 ng/ml; p<0.01). Adiponectin concentrations were significantly decreased (2.83 vs 2.94 ng/ml; p<0.01) in GDM cases. Further analysis only showed a weak, though significant, correlation of sFRP4 with Chemerin (R2 = 0.124; p<0.001) and Leptin (R2 = 0.145; p<0.001), and Chemerin with Leptin (R2 = 0.282; p<0.001) in the control group. In a multivariate logistic regression model of these four markers, only Adiponectin showed to be significantly associated with GDM (odds ratio 0.12, 95%CI 0.02–0.68). The AUC of this model was 0.699 (95%CI 0.605–0.793). Conclusion In the first trimester of pregnancy, a multi-marker model with sFRP4, Leptin, Chemerin and Adiponectin is associated with the development of GDM. Therefore, this panel seems to be an interesting candidate to further evaluate for prediction of GDM in a prospective study.

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FRACTIONAL DETERMINATIONS OF URINARY 17-KETOSTEROIDS IN HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0410123 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 123-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pentti A. Järvinen ◽

Sykkö Pesonen ◽

Pirkko Väänänen

Keyword(s):

Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽

First Trimester ◽

Control Group ◽

Before And After ◽

Daily Urine ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

The Difference

ABSTRACT The fractional determination of 17-ketosteroids in the daily urine was performed in nine cases of hyperemesis gravidarum and in four control cases, in the first trimester of pregnancy both before and after corticotrophin administration. The excretion of total 17-KS is similar in the two groups. Only in the hyperemesis group does the excretion of total 17-KS increase significantly after corticotrophin administration. The fractional determination reveals no difference between the two groups of patients with regard to the values of the fractions U (unidentified 17-KS), A (androsterone) and Rest (11-oxygenated 17-KS). The excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone is significantly higher in the hyperemesis group than in the control group. The excretion of androstanolone seems to be lower in the hyperemesis group than in the control group, but the difference is not statistically significant. The differences in the correlation between dehydroepiandrosterone and androstanolone in the two groups is significant. The high excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone and low excretion of androstanolone in cases of hyperemesis gravidarum is a sign of adrenal dysfunction.

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Distribution of diandric and digynic triploidy depending on gestational age

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics ◽

10.1007/s10815-021-02202-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Diana Massalska ◽

Katarzyna Ozdarska ◽

Tomasz Roszkowski ◽

Julia Bijok ◽

Anna Kucińska-Chahwan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Pregnancy Loss ◽

First Trimester ◽

Parental Origin ◽

Second Trimester ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Spontaneous Pregnancy ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Fluorescent Polymerase Chain Reaction

Abstract Purpose To establish the distribution of diandric and digynic triploidy depending on gestational age. Methods 107 triploid samples tested prospectively in a single genetic department during a four-year period were analyzed for parental origin of triploidy by Quantitative Fluorescent Polymerase Chain Reaction (QF-PCR) (n=95) with the use of matching parental samples or by MS-MLPA (n=12), when parental samples were unavailable. Tested pregnancies were divided into three subgroups with regard to the gestational age at spontaneous pregnancy loss: <11 gestational weeks, 11–14 gestational weeks, and >14 gestational weeks. Results Diandric triploidy constituted overall 44.9% (46.5% in samples miscarried <11 gestational weeks, 64.3% in samples miscarried between 11 and 14 gestational weeks, and 27.8% in pregnancies which survived >14 gestational weeks). Conclusions The distribution of diandric and digynic triploidy depends on gestational age. The majority of diandric triploid pregnancies is lost in the first trimester of pregnancy. In the second trimester, diandric cases are at least twice less frequent than digynic ones.

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First Trimester Maternal Vitamin D Status and Risks of Preterm Birth and Small-For-Gestational Age

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11123042 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 3042 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Isabelle Monier ◽

Amandine Baptiste ◽

Vassilis Tsatsaris ◽

Marie-Victoire Senat ◽

Jacques Jani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Skin Color ◽

First Trimester ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Maternal Vitamin D Status ◽

Multicenter Prospective Cohort

Maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) deficiency during pregnancy may increase the risk of preterm and small-for-gestational age (SGA) birth, but studies report conflicting results. We used a multicenter prospective cohort of 2813 pregnant women assessed for 25-OHD levels in the first trimester of pregnancy to investigate the association between maternal 25-OHD concentrations and risks of preterm birth (<37 weeks) and SGA (birthweight <10th percentile). Odds ratios were adjusted (aOR) for potential cofounders overall and among women with light and dark skin separately, based on the Fitzpatrick scale. 25-OHD concentrations were <20 ng/mL for 45.1% of the cohort. A total of 6.7% of women had a preterm birth. The aOR for preterm birth associated with the 1st quartile of 25-OHD concentrations compared to the 4th quartile was 1.53 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97–2.43). In stratified analyses, an association was observed for women with darker skin (aOR = 2.89 (95% CI: 1.02–8.18)), and no association with lighter skin. A total of 11.9% of births were SGA and there was no association overall or by skin color. Our results do not provide support for an association between maternal first trimester 25-OHD deficiency and risk of preterm or SGA birth overall; the association with preterm birth risk among women with darker skin requires further investigation.

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Efficient direct chromosome analyses and enzyme determinations from chorionic villi samples in the first trimester of pregnancy

Human Genetics ◽

10.1007/bf00274761 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 349-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 417

Author(s):

G. Simoni ◽

B. Brambati ◽

C. Danesino ◽

F. Rossella ◽

G. L. Terzoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

First Trimester ◽

Chorionic Villi ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy

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Could molecular assessment of calcium metabolism be a useful tool to early screen patients at risk for pre-eclampsia complicated pregnancy? Proposal and rationale

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm-2014-0693 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Salvatore Gizzo ◽

Marco Noventa ◽

Stefania Di Gangi ◽

Carlo Saccardi ◽

Erich Cosmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Intake ◽

Calcium Metabolism ◽

Large Scale ◽

Calcium Supplementation ◽

English Literature ◽

First Trimester ◽

Control Group ◽

Hypertensive Disorders ◽

Increased Risk ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy

AbstractOne of the most frequent causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity is represented by hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Women at high risk must be subjected to a more intensive antenatal surveillance and prophylactic treatments. Many genetic risk factors, clinical features and biomarkers have been proposed but none of these seems able to prevent pre-eclampsia onset. English literature review of manuscripts focused on calcium intake and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy was performed. We performed a critical analysis of evidences about maternal calcium metabolism pattern in pregnancy analyzing all possible bias affecting studies. Calcium supplementation seems to give beneficial effects on women with low calcium intake. Some evidence reported that calcium supplementation may drastically reduce the percentage of pre-eclampsia onset consequently improving the neonatal outcome. Starting from this evidence, it is intuitive that investigations on maternal calcium metabolism pattern in first trimester of pregnancy could represent a low cost, large scale tool to screen pregnant women and to identify those at increased risk of pre-eclampsia onset. We propose a biochemical screening of maternal calcium metabolism pattern in first trimester of pregnancy to discriminate patients who potentially may benefit from calcium supplementation. In a second step we propose to randomly allocate the sub-cohort of patients with calcium metabolism disorders in a treatment group (calcium supplementation) or in a control group (placebo) to define if calcium supplementation may represent a dietary mean to reduce pre-eclampsia onset and to improve pregnancy outcome.

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Predicting small for gestational age in the first trimester of pregnancy using maternal ophthalmic artery Doppler indices

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine ◽

10.3109/14767058.2015.1040755 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 1190-1194 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Júlio Augusto Gurgel Alves ◽

Sammya Bezerra Maia e Holanda Moura ◽

Edward Araujo Júnior ◽

Gabriele Tonni ◽

Wellington P. Martins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Ophthalmic Artery ◽

First Trimester ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Doppler Indices

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Chronic Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy with Diagnostic Conundrum: A Case Report

International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research ◽

10.52403/ijshr.20210435 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 192-194

Author(s):

Vishal Sharma ◽

Ravi Dutt Wadhwa

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Ectopic Pregnancy ◽

Gestational Age ◽

First Trimester ◽

Present Case Report ◽

Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy ◽

Threatening Condition ◽

Life Threatening ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Ectopic Pregnancies

Ectopic pregnancy is a life threatening condition and mostly ectopic pregnancies occurs in fallopian tube. The most common site of ectopic tubal pregnancy is ampulla. Ectopic pregnancy is a complication of pregnancy and usually easy to diagnose by ultrasonography during the first trimester of pregnancy. Due to limited healthcare resources in developing countries, women do not undergo for ultrasound examination during pregnancy which leads to late diagnosis. In most of cases women with ectopic pregnancy are asymptomatic, unless ruptured. The mean gestational age for clinical presentation of ectopic pregnancy is 7.2 weeks after the last normal menstrual period. In rural population, late presentations of ectopic pregnancies are more commonly seen because of lack of modern diagnostic ability. Present case report is a rare case of non-viable, unruptured, tubal ampullary chronic ectopic pregnancy of 12 weeks gestational age. Keywords: Ectopic pregnancy, Unruptured, gestational age, ultrasonography.

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