scholarly journals Prediction of bacterial vulvovaginitis in girls at different Tanner stages of sexual development

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
AV Kazakova ◽  
EV Uvarova ◽  
LV Limareva ◽  
AA Trupakova ◽  
AI Mishina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Based Medicine

At present, there is a paucity of research studies that comprehensively investigate the factors causing vulvovaginitis in young females. The aim of this work was to propose an algorithm for predicting the risk of vulvovaginitis in young girls and adolescents. The study recruited 252 healthy girls, who were stratified into a few groups depending on their sexual development on the Tanner scale. The composition of vaginal microbiota was determined in all the participants using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR); distribution of allele and genotype frequencies was assessed for the polymorphic variants of genes coding for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Based on the obtained data, we created a functional model for predicting the risk of vulvovaginitis in girls at different stages of sexual development. Favorable risk factors for Tanner I girls included predominance of obligate anaerobes in vaginal microbiota and the polymorphic IL10 variant (C-819T) homozygous for TT. The sensitivity of the model was 80%, its specificity was 78%. Favorable risk factors for prepubertal and pubertal girls included predominance of aerobes in the composition of vaginal microbiota and the presence of the TT allele in the polymorphic IL10 gene variant (C-3953T). The sensitivity of the model was 58.3%, whereas specificity, 94.1%. This study provides the rationale conforming with the principles of evidence-based medicine for using prevention measures in the groups at risk for vulvovaginitis at young age. The proposed measures allowed us to reduce the relapse rate of bacterial vulvovaginitis threefold.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Some Genetic Risk Factors for Nicotine Dependence in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Vitalina Bashynska ◽  
Alexander Koliada ◽  
Kateryna Murlanova ◽  
Oksana Zahorodnia ◽  
Yuliia Borysovych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Strong Risk Factor ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
European Populations

Tobacco smoking is known to be a strong risk factor for developing many diseases. The development and severity of smoking dependence results from interaction of environmental and lifestyle factors, psycho-emotional predispositions, and also from genetic susceptibility. In present study, we investigated polymorphic variants in genes contributed to nicotine dependence, as well as to increased impulsivity, known to be an important risk factor for substance use disorders, in Ukraine population. The genotype frequencies at CYP2A6, DNMT3B, DRD2, HTR2A, COMT, BDNF, GABRA2, CHRNA5, and DAT1 polymorphisms were determined in 171 Ukraine residents, and these data were compared with data for several other European populations and main ethnic groups. It has been found that genotype frequencies for all studied loci are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the Ukrainian population and correspond to the respective frequencies in European populations. These findings suggest a similar impact of these loci on nicotine dependence in Ukraine. Further studies with larger sample sizes are, however, needed to draw firm conclusions about the effect size of these polymorphisms.

scholarly journals PREDIOTION OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE VULVA AND VAGINA IN GIRLS DEPENDING ON THE STAGE OF SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
A. V Kazakova ◽  
E. V Uvarova ◽  
A. A Bezrukova ◽  
A. O Ovchinnikova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota

The article is devoted to current views on risk factors of the vulvovaginitis in girls and the possibility of its prognosis. Survey findings on hygienic skills, the anamnesis, findings of vaginal microbiota of girls and polymorphism of genes of the immune response are provided in the article. Received data allowed to create multidimensional predictive models of risk of vulvovaginitis development in girls depending on the stage of sexual maturation introduced by Tanner.

Family-, Media-, and School-Related Risk Factors of Video Game Addiction

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Rehbein ◽  
Dirk Baier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
School Life ◽  
Video Game Addiction ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Game Addiction

In recent years, a variety of epidemiological studies have provided empirical data on the prevalence of video game addiction (GA) in different age groups. However, few studies investigated the causes of GA and could explain why video game playing as a widespread phenomenon leads to a comparatively small percentage of addicted players. Additionally, the existing longitudinal studies mainly consider psychological trait variables and neglect the possible explanatory value of predictors in socialization regarding media availability, media use, and family and everyday school life. In this paper, the results of a two-wave longitudinal study comprising a sample of students from Grades 4 to 9 (N = 406) are presented. The data show that 15-year-old video game addicts had already exhibited a number of specific risk factors at the age of 10. Students from single-parent families seem to be particularly at risk, as are students with low experienced school well-being and with a weaker social integration in class. The data also indicate that problematic use of video games in childhood increases the risk of GA in adolescence. Male students are especially vulnerable for developing GA. The results of this study are an important contribution to understanding risk factors for GA in adolescents, thereby laying the groundwork for effective prevention measures.

Graft detachments in endothelial keratoplasty

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-318092
Author(s):  
Rashmi Deshmukh ◽  
Sridevi Nair ◽  
Darren Shu Jeng Ting ◽  
Tushar Agarwal ◽  
Jacqueline Beltz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Endothelial Keratoplasty ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty ◽  
Secondary Interventions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Donor Graft

Graft detachment is the most common complication of endothelial keratoplasty. With the ongoing advancements in the field of endothelial keratoplasty, our understanding of risk factors of graft detachments and its management has been evolving. Various prevention measures have been described in literature including presoaking the donor graft, anterior chamber tamponade, venting incisions, sutures to prevent dislocation of graft. Management of a detached graft involves secondary interventions such as rebubbling, suturing and regrafts. In this review, we discuss graft detachment in different types of endothelial keratoplasty techniques including Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty, Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty and Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty; with emphasis on incidence, risk factors, preventive measures and their management.

Comparison of Risk Factors of Falling for Psychiatric Inpatients and General Ward Inpatients Who Had Fallen

2021 ◽  
pp. 107839032110330
Author(s):  
Wen P. Chang ◽  
Hsiu J. Jen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
General Ward ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Factors For Falling

BACKGROUND: For psychiatric patients, the issue of falling is complex. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the risk factors for falling in psychiatric inpatients and general ward inpatients who had fallen. METHODS: The researchers first derived official fall records for 122 psychiatric inpatients and then selected 122 psychiatric inpatients who had not fallen as well as 122 general ward patients who had fallen, matched for gender, age, and length of hospital stay at the time of the fall incident. RESULTS: After controlling other variables, multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that psychiatric inpatients who had fallen and had dizziness (odds ratio [OR] = 7.11, p < .001), had an unsteady gait (OR = 1.97, p = .030), or were not using aids (OR = 0.42, p = .042) were at greater risk of falling than those who had not fallen. The researchers also found that general ward inpatients who had fallen and had higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores (OR = 1.77, p < .001), were clear-headed (OR = 27.15, p = .001), had dizziness (OR = 11.55, p < .001), were unable to walk (OR = 64.28, p < .001), or were using aids (OR = 3.86, p = .001) were at greater risk of falling than those who had not fallen before. CONCLUSIONS: The causes of falling among psychiatric inpatients and general ward inpatients are different. Medical personnel should understand the medications and attributes of patients for an accurate assessment of their risk factors for falling and thus implement fall prevention measures and health education to reduce falls.

scholarly journals Occupational Histoplasmosis: Epidemiology and Prevention Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Marie A. de Perio ◽  
Kaitlin Benedict ◽  
Samantha L. Williams ◽  
Christine Niemeier-Walsh ◽  
Brett J. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors

In areas where Histoplasma is endemic in the environment, occupations involving activities exposing workers to soil that contains bird or bat droppings may pose a risk for histoplasmosis. Occupational exposures are frequently implicated in histoplasmosis outbreaks. In this paper, we review the literature on occupationally acquired histoplasmosis. We describe the epidemiology, occupational risk factors, and prevention measures according to the hierarchy of controls.

Thrombophilic risk factors are laterally associated with Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms in deep vein thrombosis patients: An Indian study

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 324-335
Author(s):  
Pulkit Rastogi ◽  
Narender Kumar ◽  
Jasmina Ahluwalia ◽  
Reena Das ◽  
Neelam Varma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Apoe Gene ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Gene ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Apoe Genotypes ◽  
Deep Vein

Introduction Deep vein thrombosis is a multifactorial disease with many acquired and genetic risk factors. Polymorphism in the APOE gene is an upcoming potential pathogenic factor whose role is unclear in deep vein thrombosis. Methods An equal number of deep vein thrombosis cases and controls (N = 100, each) were investigated for APOE gene polymorphisms along with known acquired and hereditable thrombophilic risk factors. APOE genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction. Results The ε3/ε4 and ε2/ε3 APOE genotypes were commoner in deep vein thrombosis cases than controls but not statistically significant ( ε3/ε4 → 18% versus 11%, OR = 1.776, CI = 0.792–3.984, p = 0.16; ε2/ε3 →10% versus 9%, OR = 1.123, CI = 0.436–2.895, p = 0.809). However, the following risk factors were found to be laterally associated with APOE genotypes in cases of deep vein thrombosis: pregnancy with ε2/ε3 genotype positivity (N = 29; p = 0.019), recurrent pregnancy loss with ε3/ε3 genotype (N = 29; p = 0.016), normal antithrombin levels with ε3/ε3 genotype (N = 62; p = 0.03) and non-O blood group with ε3/ε4 genotype (N = 100; p = 0.023). Conclusion APOE genotypes have shown only a modest association with deep vein thrombosis and were not statistically significant. A lateral association of these genotypes with thrombophilic risk factors was observed which may be investigated further for the possible pathogenetic mechanisms and their therapeutic implications.

scholarly journals Primary neural leprosy: systematic review

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 397-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Garbino ◽  
Wilson Marques Jr ◽  
Jaison Antonio Barreto ◽  
Carlos Otto Heise ◽  
Marcia Maria Jardim Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Based Medicine

The authors proposed a systematic review on the current concepts of primary neural leprosy by consulting the following online databases: MEDLINE, Lilacs/SciELO, and Embase. Selected studies were classified based on the degree of recommendation and levels of scientific evidence according to the “Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine”. The following aspects were reviewed: cutaneous clinical and laboratorial investigations, i.e. skin clinical exam, smears, and biopsy, and Mitsuda's reaction; neurological investigation (anamnesis, electromyography and nerve biopsy); serological investigation and molecular testing, i.e. serological testing for the detection of the phenolic glycolipid 1 (PGL-I) and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR); and treatment (classification criteria for the definition of specific treatment, steroid treatment, and cure criteria).

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