scholarly journals Phoneme Distribution and the Sonority Nature of Consonant Clusters in Afaan Oromo Authors

IJOHMN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariku Negese Oncho
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
The Status ◽  
Phonological System

This paper examines an outline of two main phonological elements in the Oromo language. Firstly, it indicates the permissible sequences and types of the language’s consonant clusters given the member sound’s sonority. Secondly, it enlightens the distribution of Oromo phonemes in different word positions (initial, medial, and final). In this aspect, the study is a descriptive work and attention has been given mainly to recounting the simple distribution rather than theorizing the phonotactic processes. For the study, data was collected from five native speakers of the Western dialect and was phonemically transcribed using an IPA symbol. The speech of these participants has three hours of duration with an average speech length of 36 minutes for each participant. The study also attempts to list out the number of the language’s native and loan phonemes employed in the speech of adult Oromo users comparing the data with the earlier studies. With the study, it was observed that Oromo has Sonorant-Obstruent, Obstruent-Obstruent, Obstruent- Sonorant and Sonorant – Sonorant clusters based on the status of sonorants in its phonological system. Of the two-member clusters in clustering, sonorants are the dominant first member sounds in the language.

Bengali geminates

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Kotzor ◽  
Allison Wetterlin ◽  
Aditi Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Lexical Representation ◽  
Real Word ◽  
Behavioural Experiments ◽  
Phonological System

Bengali has a robust medial geminate/singleton contrast across oral stops and nasals in five places of articulation. This chapter presents a synchronic account of the phonological system involving the consonantal length contrast, which supports an asymmetric moraic representation of geminates. Based on these representational assumptions, two EEG and two behavioural experiments were conducted to investigate the processing of this geminate/singleton contrast by Bengali native speakers. The results reveal a processing asymmetry for the duration contrast: the processing of the duration contrast is indeed asymmetric: a geminate mispronunciation is accepted for a singleton real word, while the reverse is not the case. This provides evidence that the lexical representation of the duration contrast must be asymmetric and thus privative rather than equipollent.

Group genitive in Swedish – s-genitive as a phrase marker

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-252
Author(s):  
Alicja Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clause ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Prepositional Phrase ◽  
Nominal Phrase ◽  
Colloquial Language ◽  
The Status

Abstract In this paper I discuss the constructions with the group genitive and their use in today’s Swedish. The development of the s-genitive from a diachronic perspective, its degrammaticalization and the status of the s-genitive are discussed. The aim of the paper is to examine and analyse the use of the group genitive in the Swedish nominal phrases in three contexts, i. e. coordinated nominal phrases, nominal phrase with a prepositional phrase and nominal phrase with a relative clause. The group genitive’s domain is above all spoken, colloquial language. The analysed material consists of authentic examples of everyday use of language from the Swedish corpus Språkbanken and a questionnaire conducted among native speakers. The study shows that the group genitive is very productive with various types of nominal phrases in Swedish, even though it is still limited to colloquial and non-formal use of language.

scholarly journals Semantic Categories and Gender Assignment in Contact Spanish: Type of Code-Switching and its Relevance to Linguistic Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmer Balam
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Gender Assignment ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Oral Production ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Semantic Domains

The present study examines two aspects of determiner phrases (dps) that have been previously investigated in Spanish/English code-switching; namely, the openness of semantic domains to non-native nouns and gender assignment in monolingual versus code-switched speech. The quantitative analysis of naturalistic, oral production data from 62 native speakers of Northern Belizean Spanish revealed both similarities and notable differences vis-à-vis previous findings for varieties of Spanish/English code-switching in theu.s. Hispanophone context. Semantic domains that favoured non-native nouns in Spanish/Englishdps included academia, technology, work/money-related terms, abstract concepts, linguistics/language terms and everyday items. In relation to gender assignation, assignment patterns in monolingualdps were canonical whereas an overwhelming preference for the masculine default gender was attested in mixeddps. Biological gender was not found to be deterministic in switcheddps. The analysis highlights the important role that type of code-switching has on contact outcomes in bi/multilingual communities, as speech patterns are reflective of the status and resourcefulness that code-switching is afforded at a societal and idiolectal level.

scholarly journals Demonetisation Impact over Banking Loans & Advances: A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Narsaiah Neralla
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Legal Tender ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Case Study Data

The demonetisation footstep by the Government of India twisted complicated influences in the economy. Complete sectors of the economy had faced and produced mixed sensation results over the decision of demonetisation. India’s financial services struggled with demonetisation; on the other hand demonetisation affects utmost over the banking sector because it is substantial influenced services to transform money circulation in an Indian economy. Eradicating components of currency notes from circulation in an economy is demonetisation. It is as the processes of components of money are denied the status of legal tender. Consequently, ceased currency notes will not be account as valid currency in an economy. The term ‘demonetization’ is an instrument to shrink Inflation, Black Money, Corruption and terror funding, this step discourages a cash dependent economy in India. Government of India drive towards demonetisation has given a strong push to the popularity of digital banking and made helps with the alternative arrangements of e-banking and e –wallet to trade and commerce. Exploring the demonetisation emergence in an economy and impact on banking services ecosystem dynamics, this study take an abductive approach anchored in over 4 years of case study data regarding. The present study foremost intention is to be analysing the demonetisation impact over banking loans and advances. In this regard the present study is to be examining the pre demonetisation and post demonetisation period.

scholarly journals Practice of contraceptives

1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Pandey ◽  
S Karki ◽  
A Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Introduction: Over the past decades fertility rate have surprisingly been stagnated demanding further research on the ways it reduces rate to a level appropriate for healthy population. Considering the status of male in developing countries like Nepal, it is believed that men play vital role in achieving success in this sector. Therefore this study was done to find out the knowledge and practice of contraceptives among married males of Makwanpur, Nepal.Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data were collected from the 387 respondents by personal interview using semi-structured questionnaire.Results: Mean age of the respondents was 34.48 years. Most of the respondents knew at least four contraceptive methods. There is a strong relationship between knowledge and the use of contraceptives with the level of education and economic status having a direct impact. The attitude of male respondents to share responsibility for promotion of contraceptive was found to be positive.Conclusions:Almost majority agree that the responsibility for contraception should shared by both partner, but use of contraceptive methods among men is still low. This study recommended in depth action research to promote male contraceptive methods and priority for service delivery program in Nepal.Keywords: Contraceptives; Family planning; Knowledge and practice of contraceptivesDOI: 10.3126/joim.v31i3.2972Journal of Institute of Medicine Vol. 31, Issue 3, 2009, December Page: 3-9  

scholarly journals Object Cliticization in Standard Arabic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkhaliq Alazzawie
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
Left Periphery ◽  
Standard Arabic ◽  
Grammaticality Judgments ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
The Status ◽  
Focus Movement ◽  
Split Cp ◽  
Minimalist Syntax

<p>Unlike displaced lexical DP objects in Standard Arabic (SA) syntax, displaced pronominal objects, however, have received less critical attention especially within Rizzi’s (1997, 2004) left periphery theory and, therefore, some areas of this constructions remain poorly understood. The present paper examines pronominal object cliticization in SA, the status of the clitic, the derivation of the process and the reasons behind its obligatory movement. The analysis is couched within Minimalist Syntax (Chomsky 2001, 2005) and Split CP (Rizzi, 1997, 2004) to explain the motivation for this movement and its landing site. To achieve the aim of the study, a questionnaire containing samples of the studied structures were presented to five native speakers of Arabic who were asked to provide grammaticality judgments. It is suggested that, in this context, the object clitic can be analyzed as undergoing focus movement as a separate verbal complement like a full DP with an additional cliticization process to the head T hosting the lexical verb. </p>

scholarly journals Dialect Levelling: A Case Study of Ìkàr??-Àkókó Dialect

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-315
Author(s):  
Esther Olayinka Bamigbola ◽  
Fadekemi Rukayat Umar
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Work Place ◽  
The People ◽  
Restricted Domains ◽  
The Status ◽  
Lack Of Commitment

This study investigates the factors that are responsible for the levelling of Ìkàr??-Àkókó dialect. Specifically, the paper examines the impacts of Nigerian indigenous languages, especially Yorùbá, on the dialect. The study aims at identifying the patterns of changes in the dialect and their impacts on the ethnic identities of the people. The work is based on the variationist approach pioneered by William Labov in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The tools used for data collection include questionnaire, oral interview and observation. The findings of the study reveal that the dialect manifests different stages of changes, vital domains like home, school and work place, which are supposed to be the strongholds of this dialect are being encroached upon by languages other than the mother tongue in the study area. It was found that the changes in the dialect are not due to the influence of English language only, but to indigenous Nigerian languages, mostly Yorùbá. It was concluded that the gradual levelling of Ìkàr??-Àkókó dialect is caused in part by restricted domains of use, increase in population; lack of commitment to indigenous language use by the native speakers; and suppressive language policy in the nation. The study recommends sensitization campaigns as a way of maintaining and sustaining the status of indigenous languages.

Challenges of Hospital Disaster Risk Management: A Systematic Review Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Somayeh Azarmi ◽  
Amir Hosein Pishgooie ◽  
Simintaj Sharififar ◽  
Hamid Reza Khankeh ◽  
Seyyed Ziya Hejrypour
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Financial Barriers ◽  
Qualitative Thematic Analysis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Review Study

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the challenges of hospital disaster risk management so that it can take a step to provide strategies and interventions to remove these barriers and improve the hospital disaster risk management (HDRM) through identifying and introducing them to disaster experts. Methods: This is a systematic qualitative review study. Data sources included Persian and international databases, which were searched using the keywords of hospital, disaster, risk management, risk reduction, disaster and challenge, and the combination of them. The search period ranged from January 2010 to January 2020. Data were extracted by 2 independent examiners for qualitative thematic analysis. Results: A total of 762 articles and documents were recovered. Finally, 12 articles entered the study, including 7 studies from Asia, 2 articles from Europe, 2 articles from the United States, and 1 article about Africa. After thematic analysis, 17 sub-themes were achieved and were classified into 4 subjects of technical-physical barriers, organizational-managerial barriers, financial barriers, and human barriers. All articles have not discussed on all categories. Conclusions: The results of evaluating the challenges of hospital disaster risk management gained from this study can be beneficial in developing a roadmap to improve the status of HDRM.

Syntactic Categorization of Roots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terje Lohndal
Keyword(s):  
Building Block ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
Distributed Morphology ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Semitic Languages ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Fundamental Building Block ◽  
The Status ◽  
Relevant Category ◽  
Syntactic Theories

A root is a fundamental minimal unit in words. Some languages do not allow their roots to appear on their own, as in the Semitic languages where roots consist of consonant clusters that become stems or words by virtue of vowel insertion. Other languages appear to allow roots to surface without any additional morphology, as in English car. Roots are typically distinguished from affixes in that affixes need a host, although this varies within different theories. Traditionally roots have belonged to the domain of morphology. More recently, though, new theories have emerged according to which words are decomposed and subject to the same principles as sentences. That makes roots a fundamental building block of sentences, unlike words. Contemporary syntactic theories of roots hold that they have little if any grammatical information, which raises the question of how they acquire their seemingly grammatical properties. A central issue has revolved around whether roots have a lexical category inherently or whether they are given a lexical category in some other way. Two main theories are distributed morphology and the exoskeletal approach to grammar. The former holds that roots merge with categorizers in the grammar: a root combined with a nominal categorizer becomes a noun, and a root combined with a verbal categorizer becomes a verb. On the latter approach, it is argued that roots are inserted into syntactic structures which carry the relevant category, meaning that the syntactic environment is created before roots are inserted into the structure. The two views make different predictions and differ in particular in their view of the status of empty categorizers.

English phonotactics

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURIE BAUER
Keyword(s):  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference

This article presents an analysis of the phonotactic structures of English presented inThe Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary, paying attention to morphological boundaries, the difference between stressed and unstressed syllables, the difference between native and non-native, and considering the distribution of vowels as well as consonants. The phonotactic status of names turns out to be unlike the status of other morphologically unanalysable words, and some new observations are made on consonant clusters as well as vowel sequences, which have previously been overlooked.

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