FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE OF OPERATING PROCESSES AT MARINE LOADING COMPLEX OF MODERN EXPORT COAL TERMINALS

VESTNIK OF ASTRAKHAN STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY SERIES MARINE ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGIES ◽

10.24143/2073-1574-2019-2-118-126 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 118-126

Author(s):

Nikolay Vladimirovich Kuptsov ◽

Alexander Lvovich Kuznetsov

Keyword(s):

Simulation Models ◽

Throughput Capacity ◽

Functional Structure ◽

High Tech ◽

Probabilistic Design ◽

Design Models ◽

Cargo Handling ◽

Additional Costs ◽

Marine Terminals ◽

Coefficients Identification

The article focuses on the problem of identifying the functional structure of the processes occurring on marine cargo handling area with modern export coal terminals using machines of continuous transporting (conveyor mechanization). Methods of data analysis and data mining allow to form a complete picture of the cycle of ship-loading operations and downtime, which are taken into account within the “ignorance” coefficients in the Russian regulatory framework of technological design of seaports. Today, designing high-tech terminals using “ignorance” ratios is found as archaism, because it reduces the calculated results of the throughput capacity of coal export terminals by 50-60%. The main purpose of the terminal functioning is the principle of economic efficiency: it is necessary to understand in detail the technological processes and to perform ship loading operations without exceeding the lay time to avoid additional costs for demurrage. For marine terminals it is important to identify, deeply understand and manage the factors hidden behind these coefficients. Identification of the functional structure of the marine side processes allows to influence on them, more efficiently operate the terminal and reduce the range of uncertainties, increasing the throughput of the marine side using the principles of the technical limit. Considered detailing the processes can be used as a toolkit for creating more accurate methods of calculating the throughput capacity of the maritime side, as well as being an informative description of simulation models. The use of detailed parametric probabilistic design models will allow achieving transparency in the relationships “a design engineer - a client” and generating results in terms of the most probable amounts of throughput and the potential for increasing freight turnover.

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Construction of control design models from engineering simulation models

Mathematical and Computer Modelling ◽

10.1016/0895-7177(90)90218-c ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 413-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert A. Smoak ◽

Xavier R. Ollat

Keyword(s):

Control Design ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Design Models

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A Saddlepoint Approximation Method for Uncertainty Analysis

Volume 1: 30th Design Automation Conference ◽

10.1115/detc2004-57269 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xiaoping Du ◽

Agus Sudjianto

Keyword(s):

Approximation Method ◽

Quadratic Forms ◽

Saddlepoint Approximation ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Probabilistic Design ◽

Computationally Efficient ◽

Performance Function ◽

Computational Requirement ◽

Complex Engineering ◽

Likelihood Point

The availability of computationally efficient and accurate methods for probabilistic computation is crucial to the success of applications of probabilistic design using complex engineering simulation models. To address this need, a Saddlepoint Approximation method for probabilistic engineering analysis is introduced. A general performance function is approximated at the Most Likelihood Point with either linear or quadratic forms and the Saddlepoint Approximation is then applied to evaluate the probability associated with the performance. The proposed approach provides highly accurate probabilistic results while maintaining minimum computational requirement. Two examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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A Hybrid Methodology Based on Smart Management Energy Consumption in Irrigation Systems

10.20944/preprints202110.0262.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Florina Scarlatache ◽

Gheorghe Grigoras ◽

Vlad-Andrei Scarlatache ◽

Bogdan-Constantin Neagu ◽

Ovidiu Ivanov

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Economic Efficiency ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Optimal Solution ◽

Maximum Efficiency ◽

High Tech ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Additional Costs ◽

Entire Flow ◽

Operating Points

Innovative practices in irrigation systems can bring improvements in terms of economic efficiency and in the same time can reduce environmental impact. Investment in high tech technologies frequently involves additional costs, but an efficient water management can increase the lifetime of the equipment. The main objective of this article is to reduce the energy consumption by one thousand cubic meters pumped and automatically to increase the economic efficiency of the pumping groups. This paper develops a new operating algorithm that ensures the operation of the pumping group at safe operating intervals and in the same time identifies the equivalent pump operating points for the entire flow range and pumping height of the pumping group. This methodology is based on the principles of an Expert System to perform the optimization process of the energy consumption in pumping groups. The resulting methodology avoids the combinatorial explosion of the solutions to be analyzed and determines the point of maximum efficiency without violation of any of the system constraints under any operating condition. The proposed methodology is tested on an irrigation system that includes a pumping group with 5 pumps, showing its effectiveness in obtaining the optimal solution with a relatively low computational burden.

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Thermal Responsive Performances of a Spanish Balcony-Based Vernacular Envelope

Buildings ◽

10.3390/buildings9040080 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 80 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isak Worre Foged

Keyword(s):

Simulation Models ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Coupled Systems ◽

Human Interaction ◽

High Tech ◽

Adaptive Thermal Comfort ◽

Adaptive Comfort ◽

Temperature Sensations ◽

Complex Mechanical Systems ◽

Computer Simulation Models

Many operable and complementary layers make up a vernacular adaptive envelope. With vertical operable translucent textile blinds, horizontal foldable glass doors with thin structural framing, wooden horizontal foldable frames with vertical rotational shutters, plants with dynamic densities, humidity concentrations, and opaque operable textile blinds forming the deep responsive façades of many Southern European buildings as part of the building envelope. This low-tech configuration utilizes behavioral human interaction with the building. On their own, these are singular mechanisms, but as coupled systems, they become highly advanced adaptive building systems used to balance temperature sensations. The research investigates such an adaptive envelope structure through identification of operable elements and their thermal and energy performances through computer simulation models. The designed research computational model includes assessment of heat reception and transfer, resultant operative temperatures, and adaptive comfort sensations. The aim of the research and the material presented in this paper is understanding the performance of native, local, low-tech systems as an opposing approach to contemporary high-tech, complex mechanical systems. The study finds that the operable elements and various compositions make a significant, yet less than anticipated, impact on adaptive thermal comfort temperatures.

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Fundamentals of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics

Multi-Agent Systems for Traffic and Transportation Engineering - Advances in Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-60566-226-8.ch006 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 124-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Andreas Schadschneider ◽

Hubert Klüpfel ◽

Tobias Kretz ◽

Christian Rogsch ◽

Armin Seyfried

Keyword(s):

Social Systems ◽

Practical Importance ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Safety Analysis ◽

Pedestrian Dynamics ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

Agent Simulation ◽

Additional Costs ◽

Multi Agent ◽

Modelling Approaches

Multi-Agent Simulation is a general and powerful framework for understanding and predicting the behaviour of social systems. Here the authors investigate the behaviour of pedestrians and human crowds, especially their physical movement. Their aim is to build a bridge between the multi-agent and pedestrian dynamics communities that facilitates the validation and calibration of modelling approaches which is essential for any application in sensitive areas like safety analysis. Understanding the dynamical properties of large crowds is of obvious practical importance. Emergency situations require efficient evacuation strategies to avoid casualties and reduce the number of injured persons. In many cases legal requirements have to be fulfilled, for example, for aircraft or cruise ships. For tests already in the planning stage reliable simulation models are required to avoid additional costs for changes in the construction. First, the empirically observed phenomena are described, emphasizing the challenges they pose for any modelling approach and their relevance for the validation and calibration. Then the authors review the basic modelling approaches used for the simulation of pedestrian dynamics in normal and emergency situations, focussing on cellular automata models. Their achievements as well as their limitations are discussed in view of the empirical results. Finally, two applications to safety analysis are briefly described.

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Sequential Optimization and Reliability Assessment Method for Efficient Probabilistic Design

Journal of Mechanical Design ◽

10.1115/1.1649968 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 126 (2) ◽

pp. 225-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 557

Author(s):

Xiaoping Du ◽

Wei Chen

Keyword(s):

Robust Design ◽

Reliability Assessment ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Side Impact ◽

Sequential Optimization ◽

Probabilistic Design ◽

Deterministic Optimization ◽

Probabilistic Optimization ◽

Reliability Based Design

Probabilistic design, such as reliability-based design and robust design, offers tools for making reliable decisions with the consideration of uncertainty associated with design variables/parameters and simulation models. Since a probabilistic optimization often involves a double-loop procedure for the overall optimization and iterative probabilistic assessment, the computational demand is extremely high. In this paper, the sequential optimization and reliability assessment (SORA) is developed to improve the efficiency of probabilistic optimization. The SORA method employs a single-loop strategy with a serial of cycles of deterministic optimization and reliability assessment. In each cycle, optimization and reliability assessment are decoupled from each other; the reliability assessment is only conducted after the deterministic optimization to verify constraint feasibility under uncertainty. The key to the proposed method is to shift the boundaries of violated constraints (with low reliability) to the feasible direction based on the reliability information obtained in the previous cycle. The design is quickly improved from cycle to cycle and the computational efficiency is improved significantly. Two engineering applications, the reliability-based design for vehicle crashworthiness of side impact and the integrated reliability and robust design of a speed reducer, are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the SORA method.

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Port-Related Emissions, Environmental Impacts and Their Implication on Green Traffic Policy in Shanghai

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12104162 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 4162 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yuyan Zhou ◽

Yan Zhang ◽

Dong Ma ◽

Jun Lu ◽

Wenbin Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Control Policy ◽

Throughput Capacity ◽

Diesel Fuels ◽

Cargo Handling ◽

Ambient Concentrations ◽

Cargo Throughput ◽

The Impact

The port of Shanghai, as the world’s largest container port, has been experiencing rapid development in recent years, with increasing cargo throughput capacity. The combustion of diesel fuels used by internal and external port-related container trucks and in-port machineries can release various pollutants, causing air pollution. The terminals are close to the residential area, and the emissions are concentrated, which is worth paying attention to. This study aims to synthetically assess the port-related emissions and their environmental impacts. We firstly constructed an emission inventory of air pollutants in the port of Shanghai and then used the WRF-CMAQ model to estimate the influence of port-related source emissions on air quality. The results show that the annual emissions of SO2, NOX, CO, VOCS, PM, PM10, PM2.5, CO2, BC and OC caused by cargo-handling equipment were 21.88 t, 1811.22 t, 1741.72 t, 222.76 t, 61.52 t, 61.42 t, 58.41 t, 141,805.40 t, 26.80 t and 10.07 t in 2015. The emissions of NOX, CO, VOCS, PM10 and PM2.5 caused by external port-related container trucks were 18,002.92 t, 5308.0 t, 1134.57 t, 711.12 t and 640.58 t. The exhaust of external port-related container trucks was much larger than that of cargo-handling equipment, so the impact on air quality was also higher than that of the machinery. The peak annual average concentrations of PM2.5 and NOX contributed by the port-related sources were 1.75 μg/m3 and 49.21 μg/m3, respectively, which accounted for 3.08% and 36.7%, respectively, of the simulated ambient concentrations by all the anthropogenic emissions in Shanghai. Our results imply that the emission control policy to reduce the combined port-related emissions, especially for the cargo-delivery transportation phase from port to city, is key for large coastal port cities such as Shanghai.

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The Role of Open Source Leadership in Developing High Technology Companies

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.543.402 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 543 ◽

pp. 402-405 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nasiopoulos K. Dimitrios ◽

Damianos P. Sakas ◽

D.S. Vlachos

Keyword(s):

Open Source ◽

Design Science ◽

Simulation Models ◽

High Technology ◽

Science Research ◽

High Tech ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

Social Environmental ◽

Models And Modelling

The paper seeks to propose the concept of sustainable enterprise simulation models. The social, environmental and economic models are developed and simulated using iThink in the context of a high technology (high-tech) company. With the rapid growth of Social Networks [, Open source applications are increasingly invading the world of Web. High-tech companies must adapt to the world of open source, by the people who work in them, until their products. The paper has leveraged the systems dynamic paradigm to conduct sustainable enterprise modelling and iThink system to implement the models. It uses the design science research methodology for the proof of concept of the models and modelling processes. The models have been developed for a high-tech company and tested in the business settings. These models were finalised through a number of revisions and iterations of the design, develop, simulate, test and evaluate. While leaders have been around for thousands of years, we have attempted to show how the old rules of leadership [ are no longer helpful in dealing with the new games of the 21st century. In the high-tech companies we studied, we discovered patterns of leadership practice that not only yielded remarkable results, but also created a deep sense of meaning and identity for those involved.

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