scholarly journals New tasks of the Police in the years the Great Patriotic war

2021 ◽  
pp. 160-169
Author(s):  
V.V. Baranov ◽  
◽  
A.S. Berkutov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Pass System ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Military ◽  
Large Enterprises

The new tasks assigned to the militia bodies during the Great Patriotic War, related to strengthening the rear and assistance to the front, are considered. The role of the militia in the evacuation of large enterprises of the military and basic industries to the eastern regions of the country, in maintaining public order in cities under siege, in organizing a pass system for travel by rail and water transport and arresting criminal elements and deserters is shown. The specific tasks of the militia bodies to strengthen the rear and assist the front are revealed.

Features of Victory Day Celebrations in the DPR and LPR: Old and New Meanings, Officialdom and Festivity, Stability and Adaptation

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Яна Владимировна Комар
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Short Period ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Emotional Component ◽  
The Military

В статье на основе методов включенного наблюдения и интервьюирования современников, материалов периодической печати представлена картина проведения 9 мая на территориях Донецкой народной республики и Луганской народной республики. В ходе исследования удалось выяснить, что в республиках эта дата вышла за рамки памяти о событиях и участниках Великой Отечественной войны, дополнившись новыми смыслами, приобретя свои особенности и знаковость. Коммеморативные практики не ограничились только погибшими в период Великой Отечественной войны: они включили в себя и погибших военных в действующем вооруженном конфликте на Донбассе, и погибших мирных граждан республик. Особое внимание уделяется роли Русской православной церкви Московского патриархата (РПЦ МП) в мероприятиях, проводимых по случаю праздника. Праздничная атрибутика включает в себя ряд уникальных символов и знаков, характерных только для Дня Победы. Вместе с тем 9 мая на темпоральном отрезке занимает небольшой часовой промежуток времени, а потенциал эмоциональной составляющей и наполненность дня больше сравнима с праздничной культурной традицией, чем с коммеморативной. This article describes Victory Day commemorations (9 May) in the territories of the Donetsk People’s Republic and the Lugansk People’s Republic, based on observation, interviews, and material from the periodical press. In the course of the study, it was found out that in the republics celebration of this date went beyond the memory of the events and participants of the Great Patriotic War. The holiday assumed new meanings, acquiring its own characteristics and markers. Commemorative practices were not limited to participants of the Great Patriotic War, but were also devoted to the military and civilian dead in the current armed conflict in the Donbas. Particular attention is paid to the role of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (ROC MP) in events held on this day. The holiday’s celebration includes a number of unique symbols and signs that are only characteristic of the 9th of May. While the celebration of 9 th of May takes but a short period of time, its emotional component and capacity for expression are more comparable to the festival tradition than to that of commemoration. At the same time, on the temporal segment, 9th of May takes a short one-hour period of time, and the potential of the emotional component and the fullness of the day is more comparable to the festive cultural tradition than to the commemorative one.

Militia and Public Order in Nineteenth-Century America

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Reinders
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
American History ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Single Form ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Military

“ Tranquility is the first duty of every citizen ” has never been an American motto. “ What is impressive to one who begins to learn about American violence,” Richard Hofstadter once remarked, is its “ extraordinary frequency, its sheer commonplaceness in our history, its persistence into very recent and contemporary times, and its rather abrupt contrast with our pretensions to singular national virtue.” If, as Hofstadter complains, violence has been overlooked in American history, the maintenance of peace, particularly the significant role of the militia in public disorders — “ the most important single form of domestic violence in American history ” — has been almost totally ignored by historians. For example, Marcus Cunliffe's otherwise excellent study of the military mind in ante-bellum United States devotes two sentences to the subject, a rather surprising omission in view of the, quite correct, contemporary opinion that “the Militia are, after all … neither more nor less than an Auxiliary Police Force, and for the last forty-odd years that is the only duty they have ever been called on to perform.”

scholarly journals AS MANIFESTAÇÕES PÚBLICAS E O PAPEL CONSTITUCIONAL DAS POLÍCIAS MILITARES

Revista LEVS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Nicola NOVELLINO
Keyword(s):  
Public Security ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Military Police ◽  
The Public ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Public Demonstrations

Resumo: Este artigo foi elaborado com foco no papel das polícias militares nas manifestações públicas no cumprimento de suas atribuições constitucionais de preservação da ordem pública. O tema é iniciado com aspectos referentes aos conceitos de manifestação pública, ressaltando esse importante instrumento que representa a voz de uma sociedade e a essência dos regimes democráticos consolidados. Destaca-se o fundamento desse direito decorrente da Constituição Federal de 1988 que assegurou a todos a liberdade de reunião para fins pacíficos e sem armas, cujo exercício não é absoluto pois encontra limitações em situações previstas pela Lei Maior, como excepcionais. Sobre as polícias militares em primeiro lugar é importante mencionar suas competências, conforme previsão constitucional em capítulo específico destinado à segurança pública, para depois entender o alcance doutrinário do conceito de ordem pública e sua preservação como fundamento que legitima a atuação dessas Instituições no âmbito de seus estados. A partir desse entendimento, não só dos dispositivos constitucionais, mas também por outras previsões em legislação específica, perfeitamente recepcionada pela atual Constituição, é possível o inferir o papel das polícias militares e sua atuação nas manifestações públicas com uma função precípua de garante, assegurando a todos, participantes ou não, a segurança para que possam exercer seu direito livremente. Como conclusão deve ser reconhecida a importância das liberdades públicas, e concomitantemente garantir a segurança de todos os cidadãos no exercício pacífico e legítimo de seus direitos. Palavras chave: Manifestação Pública; Liberdade de Reunião; Polícia Militar; Ordem Pública; Segurança Pública. Abstract: This article was elaborated with focus on the role of the military police in the public manifestations in the fulfillment of its constitutional attributions of preservation of the public order. The theme begins with aspects related to the concepts of public manifestation, highlighting this important instrument that represents the voice of a society and the essence of consolidated democratic regimes. It should be stressed that this right derives from the 1988 Federal Constitution, which guaranteed freedom of assembly for peaceful and unarmed purposes, which is not absolute because it finds limitations in situations provided for by the Grand Law as exceptional. Regarding the military police, it is important to mention their competences, according to the constitutional provision in a specific chapter intended for public security, and then to understand the doctrinal scope of the concept of public order and its preservation as a foundation that legitimates the performance of these institutions within their States. From this understanding, not only from constitutional provisions, but also from other provisions in specific legislation, perfectly approved by the current Constitution, it is possible to infer the role of military police and their role in public demonstrations with a primary function of guarantor, All, participants or not, security so that they can exercise their right freely. In conclusion, the importance of public freedoms should be recognized, while at the same time guaranteeing the security of all citizens in the peaceful and legitimate exercise of their rights. Keywords: Public Manifestation; Freedom of Meeting; Military Police; Public Order; Public Security.   

THE PECULIARITIES OF PERSONNEL WORK ON COMPLETING COMMAND POSITIONS OF THE RED ARMY AIR FORCE IN 1944–1945

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-199
Author(s):  
S.A. TARASOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Career Advancement ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
The Third ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Army Air Force ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to the issues of staffing the command positions of the Red Army Air Force in the third period of the Great Patriotic War and the role of personnel bodies in their resolution. It is noted that the activities of the military tribunals in this period are characterized by a high percentage of convictions of the command staff of the Red Army and references are made to documents confirming the existence of facts of unjustified prosecution of command personnel. During this period, the main principles for selecting officers for further career advancement were the level of their professional skills and political reliability.

The Missing Piece of the Puzzle: The EMASYA Protocol and Civil-Military Relations in Turkey

2022 ◽  
pp. 0095327X2110665
Author(s):  
Ayfer Genç Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Order ◽  
National Security Council ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Security Operations ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Military ◽  
Institutional Mechanism

The civil-military relations literature on Turkey focuses predominantly on the guardianship role of the Turkish military, its interventions, and the role of the National Security Council as the main institutional mechanism of military tutelage. Yet, the existing studies lack a much-needed focus on the law enforcement or policing missions of the Turkish military. To fill this gap, this study discusses the EMASYA Protocol ( Emniyet Asayiş Yardımlaşma or Security and Public Order Assistance), a secret protocol signed in 1997. Emerging in the context of political instability and military tutelage of the 1990s, the Protocol enabled the military to conduct internal security operations without permission from the civilian authorities. This paper argues that the EMASYA Protocol provided a sphere of “reformulated new professionalism” for the Turkish military, enabled it to specialize in the war against rising internal threats such as reactionary Islam and Kurdish separatism, and created anomalies in civil-military relations in Turkey.

scholarly journals The historical truth about the Great Patriotic War — the imperative of the spiritual life of Russian society (socio-philosophical analysis)

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
V.V. Ksenofontov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Humanitarian Mission ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Historical Truth ◽  
The Military ◽  
Great Victory

On the basis of the principle of unity of the historical and logical, the decisive contribution of the Soviet Union in the defeat of the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War is comprehensively justified. The role of the material and technical base of the USSR in ensuring the Great Victory is proved. The advantage of the military-strategic operations carried out by the Red Army command in comparison with the operations carried out by the Allies during the war is comprehensively justified. The courage and heroism of the Red Army soldiers at all stages of the Great Patriotic War is described in detail; their humanitarian mission during the period of liberation of European countries from fascism is revealed. Argumentatively, the author reveals the failure of attempts to falsify the historical truth about the victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War.

Combat Actions of the 1st and 3rd Air Armies in the First Rzhev-Sychev Operation: Losses and Their Replacement

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Ivan I. Mizerov
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Military Operation ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Army Air Force ◽  
The Military ◽  
Central Archive

The article discusses the combat work of the Red Army air force (the 1st and the 3rd air armies of the Western and Kalinin fronts, respectively) during the Rzhev-Sychev operation, focusing on the role of field aircraft repair for the replacement of losses suffered in the battle, and for maintaining the overall combat capability of the air forces in the offensive zone. The author suggests considering the battle of Rzhev as one of the largest and longest aviation battles of the Great Patriotic War. The paper offers a comparative analysis of the number of forces involved in the Rzhev-Sychevsky operation with other large-scale air operations. Drawing on hitherto unstudied sources from the collections of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation and on statistical data, the author explains the tactical application of aviation in the Central part of the Soviet-German front in the summer and autumn of 1942, as well as the patterns and main causes of losses during the military operation. The author emphasizes the critical importance of field repair for an accelerated recovery of air force strike capabilities; this gave the Soviet units significant advantages over the German Luftwaffe in the region. As the paper shows, the command of the 1st and 3rd air armies were fully aware of the importance of field repair and gave it thoughtful consideration; already during the intense fighting, measures were taken to share the gained experience with other units.

THE EFFECT OF THE RELIGIOUS FACTOR ON THE MILITARY MEN VALUE BASED ORIENTATION FORMING

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
ALEXEY ROMAKHIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Religious Factor ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Military

This article reveals the problem of the role of the religious factor in the formation of the value orientations of the military personnel of the Russian army from its inception to the present state. In the article, the author reveals the significance of the Church in the formation of the value orientations of military personnel. The problem of religious situation in foreign armies is considered. The article presents data from sociological studies confirming the increase in the number of religious servicemen in the modern Armed Forces. The concept of “religious factor” is revealed. The author suggests considering the influence of the religious factor on the formation of value orientations through the functions of religion. The article provides examples of the influence of religion on the formation of value orientations of military personnel from the time of the Baptism of Russia to the present. Examples of writers of Russian classical literature about the influence of religion on the morale of troops are given. Examples of religious participation in major battles and wars of the past years are shown. The significance of the religious factor in uniting the people and the army is shown. The work of officials of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation in strengthening values among military personnel in modern conditions is demonstrated. The role of the Minister of defense of the Russian Federation, General of the army S.K. Shoigu in strengthening the faith of the Russian army is outlined. Issues related to the construction of the Main Temple of the Armed Forces and its impact on the public masses were discussed. In this study, the author aims to show the significant role of religion in the formation of value orientations in Russian military personnel. The analysis shows an increasing role of religion in the minds of military personnel in modern conditions.

CULTURE OF THE RUSSIAN WORLD - A SPIRITUAL SLOGAN FACTOR OF VICTORY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR KSENOFONTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Soviet People ◽  
The People ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Art Activities ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
Great Victory

The article reveals the essence and specificity of culture as an important component of the spiritual factor of victory. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of fiction. The article substantiates the moral and aesthetic impact on the consciousness of defenders of the Motherland, such works of art as“They fought for the Motherland”,“Leningrad poem”,“Russian character”,“Invasion”, etc. The article describes the significant role of theatrical art, which reveals the moral values of the people and Soviet soldiers. This is reflected in such plays as: “the Front”; “the Guy from our city”; “Once upon a time”, etc. The article substantiates the important role of the spiritual influence of cinema on Soviet people. This influence was realized through artistic images of selfless service to the Motherland, loyalty to military duty. Among these films: “Two fighters”, “Wait for me”, “Front-line friends”. During the war, as the article emphasizes, an important component of the spiritual factor of victory was the musical art. Activities in this area of culture famous musicians:B. Astafiev, S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, A. Alexandrov, V. Soloviev-Sedoy, and others, was implemented in operas, symphonies, cantatas and songs, which by their nature emotional expression differed Patriotic and epic strength. The purpose of the research : to reveal the axiological components, culture of the Russian world, as important components, spiritual factor during the great Patriotic war. Conclusions : the culture of the Russian world at various stages of the great Patriotic War, through a variety of means and forms, actively mobilized all Soviet people to defend the Motherland and defeat Nazi Germany. The spiritual culture of our country and its types, in the course of functioning, during the war, clearly and expressively revealed the idea of patriotism, courage, bravery and heroism, and encouraged the Soviet people, the soldiers of the red Army, to achieve a great Victory.

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