Socio-philosophical analysis is considered as a method of cognition of social practices. The authors use a content analysis of publications, apply a qualitative approach to the generalization of definitions of the method of socio-philosophical analysis in modern research. Directions of research are classified according to the spheres of social life, the functions of institutions as cultural phenomena, the methodological significance of socio-philosophical analysis of these phenomena is specified. In conclusion, the authors note the lack of a theoretical and methodological basis for the philosophical comprehension of institutional problems, for the study of global, universal processes, the regularities of the development of modern social institutions.