scholarly journals Genetic variability studies in amaranthus (Amaranthus spp.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Annapoorna Agadi ◽  
S Kolakar ◽  
D Lakshmana ◽  
S Nadukeri ◽  
M Hanumanthappa
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area Duration ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Amaranthus Spp

An investigation was carried out to estimate the nature and extent of genetic variability​ ​among twenty Amaranthus genotypes (Amaranthus spp.) under a randomized block designduring the year 2019-20. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic​ ​coefficient of variation for all the traits. High genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and​ ​phenotypic coefficient variation (PCV) was observed for leaf area, leaf area index, leaf area​ ​duration, AGR, dry weight of leaf per plant, specific leaf weight, speed of germination,​ ​chlorophyll content and ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Moderate GCV and PCV were observed​ ​for leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, dry weight of stem per plant, leaf: stem ratio and​ ​foliage yield per plant. The high estimates of heritability coupled with higher values of genetic​ ​advance as per cent mean (GAM) were observed for the parameters like test weight, speed of​ ​germination, germination percentage, seedling dry matter, seedling vigour index-1, seedling​ ​vigour index-2, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf area index, leaf area​ ​duration, AGR, specific leaf weight, stem weight per plot, dry weight of leaf, dry weight of​ ​stem, leaf: stem ratio, foliage yield per plant, chlorophyll, ascorbic acid and beta- carotene​ ​content which indicates the predominance of additive gene action. Arka Arunima,​ ​Chikmagalur local, IC-551486, IC-551494 and IC-551466 recorded high foliage yield per​ ​plot and these can be utilized in further breeding programmes.

A comparison of the vegetative growth, development and seed yield of three varieties of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Ojeaga Ojehomon
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Area Index ◽  
New Era ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Leaf Area Duration

SUMMARYThe vegetative growth, flowering and seed yield of three cowpea varieties—Adzuki, Mala and New Era—with contrasting yields, were compared in one field and two greenhouse experiments. In the field the plants were spaced so far apart that they did not form a closed stand, but were effectively individuals, like the potted plants used in the greenhouse experiments. In all experiments New Era yielded most followed by Mala, although the differences between these two varieties were not significant, and Adzuki least.Seed yield and vegetative growth were not simply related. New Era with the highest seed yield had the largest vegetative dry weight, leaf area and leaf area duration (D), followed by Mala, with Adzuki always least in each parameter. However, the superiority of New Era in total dry weight and leaf area was much greater than in seed yield. Mala and Adzuki were more efficient than New Era in converting dry matter into seed. Large fractions of current assimilates moved from the leaves to the seed of Adzuki and Mala than of New Era.Varietal differences in relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, or leaf area ratio were too small to account for varietal differences in seed yield.New Era and Mala produced more flower buds than Adzuki. However, Adzuki developed the largest proportion of ripe fruits, but had more aborted seeds/fruit than New Era and Mala. Thus, increased flower production and fruit formation did not increase the production of mature seeds. Therefore, little would be gained by breeding or selecting for increased flower production. The heavier seeds of Mala and New Era compared with those of Adzuki contributed greatly to their larger yields. At the spacing of 3 ft x 1 ft used in the field, the leaf area index (L) and leaf area duration (D) were suboptimal, and closer spacing should increase yield.

Relationship between Crop Growth Parameters and Seed Yield in CMS Analogues in Sunflower

Helia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (62) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikrant Tyagi ◽  
S. K. Dhillon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

AbstractNine new cms analogues on the base of diversified cms sources were developed and evaluated for morphological, agronomic, physiological and biochemical traits, including the field resistance to the prevalent diseases of sunflower under Punjab conditions. As a result of this study, the most prospective cms analogues were designated for future use in hybrid breeding programme. The results revealed that selection for tall plants with large head size and high chlorophyll content may be associated with high grain yield as well as oil content and high oleic acid content in sunflower. Leaf dry weight, biological yield, harvest index, specific leaf weight and relative leaf water content had direct positive effect on grain yield. The harvest index, specific leaf weight/plant, leaf area index and leaf area had indirect effects (through leaf dry weight) on grain yield. These traits are advocated as selection criteria for grain yield improvement in sunflower.

An analysis of the factors determining yields in crosses between semi-dwarf and taller wheat varieties

1974 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. H. Lupton ◽  
R. H. Oliver ◽  
P. Ruckenbauer
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Polynomial Coefficients ◽  
Leaf Area Duration

SUMMARYThe growth and development of two semi-dwarf winter wheat varieties, of two taller varieties, and of random selections from two crosses between semi-dwarf and taller varieties were compared over 2 years. Changes with time of crop dry weight/m2, leaf area index and ear size were expressed as orthogonal polynomial regression coefficients. Significant correlations were obtained between yield, the polynomial coefficients and growth measurements relating to number of tillers and flag leaf area duration, but many of these variables were significantly correlated with each other. Multiple regression equations were therefore calculated expressing yield in terms of the variables. These showed flag leaf area duration and rate of ear growth to be the most important characters determining crop yield. The greatest reduction in total yield variance was obtained by the simultaneous consideration of characters relating to photosynthetic capacity and ear development. The significance of this finding in relation to the relative importance of ‘apos;source’ and ‘sink’ in determining grain yield are discussed.

Enhanced Growth of Amaryllis (Hippeastrum hybridum) Seedlings in Horse Manure Medium

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 466b-466
Author(s):  
Norma R. Palispis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Horse Manure ◽  
Length Increment ◽  
Net Assimilation

An experiment was conducted to compare the growth of amaryllis seedlings in the following media: pure horse manure, 1:1 garden soil–horse manure (v/v), and 1:1 garden soil–wood shavings (v/v). Final values for fresh weight increment, dry weight, leaf area, leaf area index, leaf length increment, bulb width increment, leaf area ratio, and crop growth rate were significantly highest and lowest in horse manure and 1:1 garden soil–wood shavings, respectively. Net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, and moisture content were similar for all treatments.

scholarly journals Calculating possibility of the leaf area index of apple and pear trees

2012 ◽  
pp. 229-233
Author(s):  
Péter Riczu ◽  
János Tamás
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Area Index ◽  
K Value ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Tree Leaf

A significant proportion of the aboveground green and dry weight of the plant constitutes the foliage. The canopy is an important factor of plant growth. On one hand the canopy absorbs the solar energy, which is necessary for the photosynthesis, on the other hand accumulates the absorbed nutrients by the roots, and the most of the water-loss happens through the foliages. The determination of the full canopy is not an easy target. In our research we developed a measurement method to determine the leaf area. With the parameters of the examined tree (leaf length and maximum width) and the data of ADC AM 100 leaf area scanner we determined the k-value, with which we can easily and fast evaluate the leaf surface.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Manures on Growth, Rhizome Yield and Quality Attributes of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. U. Kamal ◽  
M. N. Yousuf
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Yield And Quality

The investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of different organic manures on turmeric with reference to vegetative growth, biomass production, rhizome yield and its attributes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Turmeric showed better response to the application of organic manures. Plant with neem cake application had the taller plant (79.30 cm), maximum number of tillers per plant (5.40), leaf number (5.40), leaf area (44.09) leaf area index (0.429), fresh weight of halum ( 190.05g), fresh weight of root (49.13 g), fresh weight of rhizome per plant (256.21 g) and dry weight of halum (15.21g), dry weight of root (7.32 g), dry weight of rhizome per plant (40.35 g), total dry matter yield (6.85 t ha-1) than those received other types of manures. Moreover, yield attributes such as number of mother rhizomes per plant-1 (1.75), more number of primary rhizomes per plant-1 (5.19), secondary rhizomes per plant-1 (18.03) and tertiary rhizomes per plant (7.69) were also highly accelerated by neem cake application. Similarly, the same treatment expressed the best in terms of size of mother rhizome (7.69 cm), primary rhizome (21.86 cm) and secondary rhizomes (7.05 cm).All these parameters in cumulative contributed to  produce the highest estimated fresh rhizomes yield & cured rhizomes yield (29.48 t ha-1, 5.59 t ha-1 respectively). The highest curing percentage (20.28) was observed in T3 treatment having mustard cake@ 2.0 t/ha. Thus, organic manure like neem cake was best fitted natural fertilizer for turmeric cultivation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11060The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 16-22

Characteristics of the canopy, root system and grain yield of a crop of Lupinus angustifolius cv. Unicrop

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
EAN Greenwood ◽  
P Farrington ◽  
JD Beresford
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Main Axis ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Exchange ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Parts

The time course of development of a lupin crop was studied at Bakers Hill, Western Australia. The aim was to gain insight into the crop factors influencing yield. Weekly measurements were made of numbers and weights of plant parts, and profiles of roots, leaf area and light interception. A profile of carbon dioxide in the crop atmosphere was taken at the time of maximum leaf area, and the net carbon dioxide exchange (NCE) of pods was estimated for three successive weeks. The crop took 10 weeks to attain a leaf area index (LAI) of 1 and a further 9 weeks to reach a maximum LAI of 3.75, at which time only 33% of daylight reached the pods on the main axis. Once the maximum LAI was attained at week 19, leaf fall accelerated and rapid grain filling commenced almost simultaneously on all of the three orders of axes which had formed pods. Measurements of NCE between pods on the main axis and the air suggest that the assimilation of external carbon dioxide by the pods contributed little to grain filling. Grain dry weight was 2100 kg ha-1 of which 30%, 60% and 10% came from the main axis, first and second order apical axes respectively. Only 23% of the flowers set pods and this constitutes an important physiological limitation to grain yield.

scholarly journals Growth And Yield of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Varities in Sokoto Sudan Savanna of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1513-1518
Author(s):  
A.S. Gunu ◽  
M. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Sudan Savanna ◽  
Stalk Weight

Field trial was carried out during the 2019 rainy season (June to October) at the Dryland Teaching and Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto to determine the growth and yield of sorghum varieties in the study area. The treatments consisted of five (5) sorghum varieties (Samsorg 45, Samsorg 46, Janjari, Yartawa and Jardawa), the treatments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated three (3) times. Data were collected on the growth and yield of the crop. Janjari and Jardawa varieties were higher in plant height. Jardawa and Yartawa varieties were higher in number of leaves. Janjari and Yartawa varieties were higher in total dry weight. Janjari, Jardawa and Yartawa varieties were higher in harvest index. Yartawa variety was higher in leaf area, leaf area index and 1000-grain weight. Jardawa variety was higher in panicle length. Janjari variety was early in number of days to heading, flowering, and maturity and was higher in dry stalk weight. The grain yield (249 – 1506kg ha-1 ) was higher in Janjari and Yartawa varieties (1268 – 1506 kg ha-1). Based on the findings of this research, it could be concluded that Janjari and Yartawa varieties performed better than other varieties in the study area.

scholarly journals Effect of Foliar Application of Growth Regulators on Vegetative and Physiological Growth Parameters in Ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L. Sprague)

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Y. Rajasekhara Reddy ◽  
G. Ramanandam ◽  
P. Subbaramamma ◽  
A. V. D. Dorajeerao
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Trachyspermum Ammi ◽  
Number Of Leaves

A field experiment was carried out during rabi season of 2018-2019, at college farm, College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laidout in a Randomised Block Design with eleven treatments (viz., T1- NAA @ 50 ppm, T2-NAA @ 100 ppm, T3-GA3 @ 50 ppm,  T4-GA3 @ 100 ppm, T5-Thiourea @ 250 ppm, T6-Thiourea @ 500 ppm, T7-28-Homobrassinolide @ 0.1 ppm, T8-28-Homobrassinolide @ 0.2 ppm, T9-Triacontinol @ 2.5 ppm, T10-Triacontinol @ 5 ppm, T11-(Control) Water spray) and three replications. The treatments were imposed at 30 and 45 DAT in the form of foliar spray. Foliar application of GA3@ 100 ppm (T4) had recorded the maximum plant height (108.20 cm), leaf area (9.53 cm2) and leaf area index (0.74). Foliar application of thiourea @ 250 ppm (T5) had recorded the maximum values with respect to number of primary branches (15.03 plant-1), number of secondary branches (83.40 plant-1), plant spread (1793 cm2 plant-1), fresh weight (376.29 g plant-1), dry weight (103.54 g plant-1) and number of leaves plant-1((298.8). The same treatment (T5) had recorded the highest values with respect to crop growth rate (1.44 gm-2d-1), chlorophyll-a (1.40 mg g-1), chlorophyll-b (0.076 mg g-1) and total chlorophyll contents (1.48 mg g-1) in the leaves.

scholarly journals Development of priming technology for enhanced planting value of seeds in kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 735-743
Author(s):  
Umesh Hiremath ◽  
Basave Gowda ◽  
Lokesh G.Y . ◽  
B. S. Ganiger
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Vigour Index

The continuous rise in global population demands more food production under limited land resources accompanied by climate change. More oversupply of quality seeds to meet ever-growing food demand is a highly challenging task. Seeds with low vigour level limit the growth and yield of crops at varied field conditions. Hence, an experiment was conducted to develop a technique for the fast and homogeneous growth of kabuli chickpea seeds. The priming treatments evaluated in the present study enhanced the various seed quality parameters of kabuli chickpea significantly when compared to control. Hydro-priming for 4 hours (at 20°C) and air drying for 72 hours showed better results compared to rest of the treatments both in fresh seeds which recorded higher first count (66.38%), germination (92.50%) root length (11.85 cm), shoot length (6.16), mean seedling length (18.01), dry seedling weight (747 mg), seedling vigour index-I (1665), higher speed of emergence (0.3992) and old seeds with higher first count (61.88%), germination (74.13%) root length (8.15 cm), shoot length (5.85 cm), mean seedling length (14.00 cm), seedling dry weight (611 mg), seedling vigour index-I (1056), higher speed of emergence (0.3814). The aged seeds have recorded 29 % increase in germination percentage in contrast to 8 percent increases in fresh seeds. Kabuli chickpea seeds could be subjected to hydropriming, an affordable, alternative, and eco-friendly technique for improving seed and seedling vigour of kabuli chickpea.

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