Correspondances étymologiques, lexicales et sémantiques dans le processus de féminisation de noms de profession, métiers et activités dans les sociétés française et roumaine

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-422
Author(s):  
Estelle Variot
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time

"Etymological, Lexical and Semantic Correspondences in the Process of Feminization of Professional Names, Trades and Activities in French and Romanian Societies. The feminization of thought represented by language and of its varieties in the Roman World has allowed to highlight some convergences that come from a common linguistic heritage, often from Greek and Latin and some hesitation about adapting society to its realities. The feminization of some words which comes from an ancient process illustrates on the one hand the potential of the language and on the other hand some constraints sometimes linked to the society itself, which creates transitional periods, between matching grammatical correction and the evolution of linguistic uses over time. The possibilities of lexical enrichment (internal creation or loan) show the means available in French and Romanian and some convergences in the area of derivation, of lexical units and their etymologies. The grammatical perspective and word constructing methods make it possible to give keys for the feminization of names of trades or professions. Likewise, recording entries in the lexicon, their evolution, their assimilation or sometimes their forgetfulness, for the benefit of new constructions highlight the existence of objective and subjective criteria which teach us a lot about society as a whole. Keywords: feminization of professions, internal and external enrichment, suffixal match, use of words, grammar, lexicon, French and Romanian."

Typological shift in lexicalizing motion events: The case of Wenzhou

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxia Lin
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Head Motion ◽  
Motion Events ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Chinese Dialect ◽  
Chinese Dialects ◽  
Motion Verb ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Modern Standard

AbstractTypological shift in lexicalizing motion events has hitherto been observed cross-linguistically. While over time, Chinese has shown a shift from a dominantly verb-framed language in Old Chinese to a strongly satellite-framed language in Modern Standard Mandarin, this study presents the Chinese dialect Wenzhou, which has taken a step further than Standard Mandarin and other Chinese dialects in becoming a thoroughly satellite-framed language. On the one hand, Wenzhou strongly disfavors the verb-framed pattern. Wenzhou not only has no prototypical path verbs, but also its path satellites are highly deverbalized. On the other hand, Wenzhou strongly prefers the satellite-framed pattern, to the extent that it very frequently adopts a neutral motion verb to head motion expressions so that path can be expressed via satellites and the satellite-framed pattern can be syntactically maintained. The findings of this study are of interest to intra-linguistic, diachronic and cross-linguistic studies of the variation in encoding motion events.

INTERROGATIVE CHUNKS IN FRENCH L2

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Myles ◽  
Rosamond Mitchell ◽  
Janet Hooper
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Rote Learning ◽  
Formulaic Language ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Creative Construction ◽  
Over Time

This paper explores the relationship between formulaic language and creative construction in SLA by examining the production of interrogatives in an extensive naturalistic corpus of L2 French produced by early classroom learners. The paper first analyzes the production and breakdown of such formulaic language over time, before exploring the development of more creative structures. The interaction between the two processes “rote learning of formulas and creative construction” is then investigated. This interaction is shown to be a dynamic two-way process, with learners being driven forward in the development of their L2 system by their attempts to resolve the tension between structurally complex but communicatively rich formulas on the one hand, and structurally simple but communicatively inadequate creative structures on the other hand.

scholarly journals The cow–calf relationship: from maternal responsiveness to the maternal bond and the possibilities for fostering

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (S1) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
John P. Kent
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maternal Responsiveness ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Maternal Bond ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Maternal Relationship

AbstractThe relationship between the cow and calf develops over time after birth. The behavioural mechanisms underlying its development are important and comparisons with other species may increase our understanding. In nature the cow will separate herself from the herd to give birth and then the cow–calf relationship will develop with the ability to recognise each other. While twinning levels are low in cows, they do rear their twin calves. If the calf is lost at or after birth the cow can be responsive towards other calves and in specific circumstances the cow can develop a maternal bond with an alien calf, i.e. foster. In this Research Reflection a distinction is made between the development of, on the one hand, maternal responsiveness (the tendency of the cow to care for a calf which occurs before birth) and, on the other hand, the development of the maternal–filial bond or relationship which is reciprocal, occurs after birth and is characterised by the ability to discriminate the mother's own calf from alien calves. These processes can overlap and the relationship between cow and calf in this ‘hider’ species is more plastic than in some other mammals. For example, a cow might form an attachment with an alien calf before she gives birth. After the cow has given birth the loss of her own calf may result in the state of maternal responsiveness being maintained, such that developing a maternal bond with one or several appropriate alien calves is possible. Viable fostering techniques are possible. If a maternal relationship to the mother's own calf has developed then fostering will be more difficult. If the cow's relationship with her own calf is not exclusive, and she is in a state of maternal responsiveness then fostering of calves of an appropriate age and status can be achieved.

Rigidity Versus Openness in Late Classical Islamic Law: The Case of the Seventeenth-Century Palestinian Muftī Khayr al-Dīn al-Ramlī

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haim Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
The West ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIn this study I reexamine some well-known generalizations about Islamic law prior to the impact of the West, e.g., the contention that Islamic law became increasingly closed, based more and more on blind imitation. My examination of the fatwā collection of the seventeenth-century Palestinian Muftī Khayr al-Dīn al-Ramlī suggests that increasing closure never took place. On the one hand al-Ramlī faithfully continues the tradition of his classical predecessors, or, in other words, he practices taqlīd by obligating himself to earlier authorities. On the other hand, his fatwās convey a sense of openness, flexibility, and liveliness. These characteristics are concretized in some of the major terms that he uses: ijtihād, or free discretion of the jurist in areas of the law that remained open; iṣtiḥsān, or relaxation of formal rules; and ʿurf, or local customary law, which, by definition, is changeable over time. In my view, the flexibility of Islamic law has been underemphasized in the scholarly literature, and hence it is on this factor in particular that I have chosen to concentrate.

scholarly journals Framing a Trickster Character in Two Different Media and Eras: A Study on Br’er Rabbit in Uncle Remus’ Stories and Disney’s Song of the South

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Nur Saktiningrum
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
American Folklore ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time

This article analyses Br’er Rabbit, a trickster character in African-American folklore. As a trickster Br’er Rabbit possesses a paradoxical nature. On the one hand, Br’er Rabbit acts as a hero but on the other hand, he constantly plays tricks on others and by doing so, he is also violating the prevailing values. These two opposing aspects of trickster’s nature offer an interesting subject for the research. The questions considered worth focusing on in discussing the subject are: How can trickster character be described? What values are represented by trickster character? Is there any shift in the description and represented values in different media and over time? The study presented in this article was aimed at investigating the transformation of how the trickster is characterized and values represented by trickster Br’er Rabbit in Uncle Remus’ folktale version of “The Wonderful Tar Baby (1881) and The Laughing Place” (1903) written by Joel Chandler Harries and the same trickster character in the same stories featured in Disney’s “Song of the South” (1946). By comparing and contrasting both narratives in different media and eras, it is uncovered that there are some changes on the depiction and nature as well as values represented by Br’er Rabbit, the trickster character. The study presented in this article was aimed at investigating the transformation of values represented by trickster Br’er Rabbit in Uncle Remus’ folktale version of “Tar Baby and The Laughing Place” (1879) written by Joel Chandler Harries and the same trickster character in the same stories featured in Disney’s “Song of the South.” The research questions of this study are answered by applying Barths’ theory and method in studying headlines news. This model of research enables the researcher to understand and interprete values represented by the trickster character in different times and media.

scholarly journals Turning movement into music: Issues and applications of the MotionComposer, a therapeutic device for persons with different abilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Bergsland ◽  
Robert Wechsler
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technical Description ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
General Mapping ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Related Design

The article discusses the ways in which the MotionComposer (MC), a newly developed device that turns movement into music, engages users with different abilities, so as to provide positive psychological and somatic effects. It begins with a case study – the story of one application of the device involving a young man with cerebral palsy. His experiences are typical of many others and provide some useful generalisations. The article then discusses a number of goals and related design principles that have been important in the development of the device, including a discussion of two conflicting strategies which must be reconciled: On the one hand, there is a need for clear causality. On the other hand, for such a device to remain interesting over time, there is a need for variation. A technical description of the hardware and software is given, followed by a discussion of general mapping issues pertaining to the different sound environments or interaction modes of the MC.

Nationalism and the strength of secessionism in Western Europe: Static and dynamic autonomy

2020 ◽  
pp. 019251212096490
Author(s):  
André Lecours
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
South Tyrol ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time ◽  
West European

Contrary to the dominant expectations of the late 20th century, secessionism surged in two West European minority national communities, Catalonia and Scotland, over the last decade. Yet, in two others enjoying similar degrees of autonomy, Flanders and South Tyrol, secessionism did not gain strength. This outcome suggests that focusing on the degree of autonomy afforded to minority national communities is misplaced. This article shows that the nature of autonomy is more important than its degree for understanding the strength of secessionism. It demonstrates that the key to autonomy regimes weakening secessionism is their capacity to adjust and expand over time. Dynamic autonomy staves off secessionism while static autonomy stimulates it. The article is based on a controlled comparison of, on the one hand, Catalonia and Scotland, where autonomy regimes have been mostly static during key periods of time, and, on the other hand, Flanders and South Tyrol, where they have been dynamic.

Happiness and Death in Aristotle’s Ethics

Elenchos ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-146
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nicomachean Ethics ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
Partial Truth ◽  
Aristotle's Ethics ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Solon’s extraordinary claim, that we should call “no one happy who is still living” (τέλος ὁρᾶν), presents a fascinating and distinctive argument about happiness and the length of a human life. The issues Solon raises are important, and even if we think his pessimistic conclusion is an exaggeration we can still appreciate his central concern how conceptions of happiness and the length of a human life are connected. The purpose of this paper is to explore a few of these problems, in particular the reason why Aristotle’s reply to Solon in the Nicomachean Ethics is somewhat ambiguous. We find Aristotle addressing Solon’s claim at the outset of Eth. Nic. A 10, troubled in one sense by its conclusion, yet struck by its partial truth. On the one hand, he thinks that εὐδαιμονία requires a “complete life” (βίος τέλειος), or at the very least, a sufficient and “complete span of time” (τέλειος χρόνος), both of which are compatible with Solon’s advice that we should postpone calling someone happy until a later point in life. But on the other hand Aristotle defines εὐδαιμονία in such a way that raises the question whether he needs to accept Solon’s claim in any form. In particular, if happiness is defined in terms of excellent activity (ἐνέργεια κατ’ ἀρετήν), as Aristotle repeatedly claims, why should we wait until a person dies to call him or her happy? Why shouldn’t excellent actions, at the very time they are performed, count someone as happy? The puzzle, in short, is the fact that Aristotle defines happiness in terms of ἐνέργειαι, activities that are complete without developing over time, and yet also claims that happiness requires a “complete lifetime”, a βίος τέλειος.

scholarly journals Transform your human resources processes to improve your patient’s care, quality, and results

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 406
Author(s):  
A. Boukhobza ◽  
T. Etchebarne
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Collective Commitment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this article is to identify what are the human resources processes to be implemented in orthodontic practices to both improve the management of patients, but also the profitability of the structure in terms of both organization and financial. The work on the cohesion of the teams will create a collective commitment which depends on the one hand on the quality of the recruitment of the employees, and then on the motivation levers set up within the teams and maintained over time. In the teams the intergenerational collaboration must be managed and optimized. On the other hand, the orthodontist leader must have a clear strategy and clear objectives to be able to communicate effectively. He must also know the communication tools according to the circumstances to convey the messages he needs.

scholarly journals The inheritance of values in Sundanese song of Cianjuran in West Java

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Julia ◽  
Tedi Supriyadi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
West Java ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transfer Of Skills ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The One ◽  
Musical Accompaniment ◽  
Over Time

<p>This article examines the issue of inheritance that occurs in the Sundanese Song of Cianjuran. During this time, the inheritance is dominated by the transfer of skills only, while the transfer of value tends to be ignored. Consequently, the public cannot grasp the value of what is important to Sundanese Song of Cianjuran, so that over time the Sundanese Song of Cianjuran being abandoned. Through research conducted by observation into the studio and the training venues of Sundanese Song of Cianjuran, and interviews with the artists of Sundanese Song of Cianjuran, the study results showed two things. First, the Sundanese Song of Cianjuran contains the value both in lyrics and music accompaniment, in the lyrics have meaning is quite diverse, whereas the musical accompaniment contains any value in the form of symbolic treatment. Second, the process of inheritance value, on the one hand, occurs at certain times through a casual chat after training Sundanese Song of Cianjuran finished, and on the other hand, the value of inheritance is one drawback in the regeneration of Sunda Cianjuran song, because teachers tend to pass on the skills aspect alone.</p>

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