scholarly journals Sea Water Intrusion in a Coastal Aquifer: A Case Study for the Area Between Seeb and Suwaiq, Sultanate of Oman

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al Barwani ◽  
Tariq Helmi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Coastal Aquifer ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Groundwater Occurrence ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
Water Quality And Quantity

The Batinah Coastal plain, located between the Hajar mountains and the sea, from Muscat to the UAE border, is a favorable region for groundwater occurrence in Oman and the main source of fresh water in this coastal area. The coastal parts of the Batinah plain, particularly Barka and Suwaiq, have suffered from groundwater deterioration over the past 20 years. This paper reviews the monitoring activities of groundwater electrical conductivity in the Batinah coastal plain between Seeb and Suwaiq over the period 1984 to 2005, an area of approximately 394 km2. GIS and Auto-Cad techniques were applied to illustrate different salinity zones as the wells coordinates and their field EC were digitized on maps with contours. Zones of salinity ranges are identified and their areas were computed and compared to the total catchment area of each wadi. All samples were collected from the same upper gravel layer, ranging in depth 20-100 meters. There has been a substantial deterioration in water quality as indicated by a 7% reduction in areas of water suitable for agriculture use (2.000 – 6.000 μS/cm), reflecting a loss of 2,714 hectares of irrigated land. Also, a saline interface is reported 12 km inland at Wadi al Taww, Barka area, an indication of aquifer over-exploitation. It is therefore critical that monitoring of water quality and quantity is continued. It is recommended to improve implementation of the standard water resources management solutions to coastal aquifer saline contamination. Cooperation of different organizations and water users is essential to conserve these precious water resources. 

scholarly journals Hydrological Alteration Index as an Indicator of the Calibration Complexity of Water Quantity and Quality Modeling in the Context of Global Change

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxelane Cakir ◽  
Mélanie Raimonet ◽  
Sabine Sauvage ◽  
Javier Paredes-Arquiola ◽  
Youen Grusson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Hydrological Alteration ◽  
Water Quality And Quantity ◽  
The Impact

Modeling is a useful way to understand human and climate change impacts on the water resources of agricultural watersheds. Calibration and validation methodologies are crucial in forecasting assessments. This study explores the best calibration methodology depending on the level of hydrological alteration due to human-derived stressors. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is used to evaluate hydrology in South-West Europe in a context of intensive agriculture and water scarcity. The Index of Hydrological Alteration (IHA) is calculated using discharge observation data. A comparison of two SWAT calibration methodologies are done; a conventional calibration (CC) based on recorded in-stream water quality and quantity and an additional calibration (AC) adding crop managements practices. Even if the water quality and quantity trends are similar between CC and AC, water balance, irrigation and crop yields are different. In the context of rainfall decrease, water yield decreases in both CC and AC, while crop productions present opposite trends (+33% in CC and −31% in AC). Hydrological performance between CC and AC is correlated to IHA: When the level of IHA is under 80%, AC methodology is necessary. The combination of both calibrations appears essential to better constrain the model and to forecast the impact of climate change or anthropogenic influences on water resources.

scholarly journals Dynamic Model of a Sustainable Water Resources Utilization System with Coupled Water Quality and Quantity in Tianjin City

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4254
Author(s):  
Yutong Tian ◽  
Chunhui Li ◽  
Yujun Yi ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Anping Shu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Water Quality And Quantity ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Utilization

With the development of industrial and agricultural production and the social economy, the demand for water resources has gradually increased. In this paper, based on the principles of system dynamics, a sustainable water resources utilization model with coupled water quality and quantity is established using STELLA software to assess the sustainable use of water resources. The model includes two modules: a water supply module and a water quality module. The water supply module includes four sub-systems: economy, population, water supply, and water demand. The water quality module consists of an environmental sub-system. The model is suitable for Tianjin, where water resources are scarce. Calibration is performed using data from 2013–2016, and verification is performed using data from 2017. The simulation results are good. In order to compare the sustainable use of water resources in different development scenarios in Tianjin for 2025, a sensitivity analysis is performed for each variable, and four decision variables are selected to establish four water resources use scenarios (Scenarios 1–4). The results show that, compared with scenario 1, water shortages in scenarios 2 and 3 are delayed. Scenario 4, with stable economic growth and environmental consideration, can effectively resolve the contradiction between water supply and demand in the future, and is more conducive to the improvement of water quality. Finally, based on the above research, measures to solve water resources problems are proposed, in order to provide a reference for the sustainable use of water resources and optimization of water resources allocation in Tianjin.

scholarly journals Prediction of Daily Streamflow Using Various Kernel Function Based Regression: A Case Study in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Ahmed Elbeltagi ◽  
Ankur Srivast ◽  
Anuradha Kumari ◽  
Rawshan Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Polynomial Kernel ◽  
Daily Streamflow ◽  
Testing Period ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Total Data ◽  
Daily Discharge ◽  
Discharge Estimation

Abstract River daily discharge estimation and modeling considers an important step for scheduling and planning different water resources for sustainable socio-economic development. In the current work, four techniques of Gaussian processes regression (GPR): Polynomial Kernel, Radial Basis Function Kernel, Normalized Polynomial Kernel, and PUK Kernel, were used to model the daily discharge. Hydrological-datasets containing daily-stage (m) and discharge (m3/sec) were gathered over the period from 2004-2013. The datasets were divided into two sections: (i) models training containing 70% (2004-2010) of the total data and (ii) remaining 30% (2011- 2013) were for testing. Comparing all the four developed models, our findings show that the superlative model was the PUK-Kernel model with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.96, MAE of 36.70 m3/s, RMSE of 90.92 m3/s, RAE of 17.50 %, RRSE of 26.05 % in the training period. Whereas, it performed equally well in the testing period with r = 0.97, MAE = 44.84 m3/s, RMSE = 95.05 m3/s, RAE = 17.98 %, RRSE = 24.94 % in the testing period. Our findings can be included that GPR-PUK was more accurate and stable than other models, and can be used to help water-users, decision-makers, development-planners for managing water resources and achieving sustainable development.

scholarly journals Water resources and groundwater quality in North Peloponnesus (Greece)

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-353 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
High Water ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Management Scheme

Groundwater plays an important role for urban and agricultural water supply in northern part of Peloponnesus. Despite increasing environmental awareness in this area, groundwater is a resource that is being stressed. Groundwater provides about 80% the total quantity of water supply. Distribution of water resources is nonhomogeneous in this region. In general the eastern part is semiarid, whereas the western part is supplied with abundant water. Surface water potential in North Peloponnesus estimated to be 0.9- 1.2x109 m3 y-1. Overexploitation of groundwater and the extensive agriculture has created environmental problems in some aquifers (sea water intrusion, nitrate pollution). Seawater intrusion occurs in some coastal aquifers, where negative water balance has been established. High percentage of the examined samples exceeded the maximum admissible nitrate concentration of 50 mg l-1, set by EU for drinking water. Groundwater in urban areas has been contaminated to varying degrees. The water quality is classified into Ca-HCO3 type (fresh water) and Na-HCO3 or Na-Cl type (brackish waters) in the coastal part, due to seawater intrusion. Some recommendations are made in order to safeguard high water quality and to develop new ways of providing water source in the study area. Moreover, an integrated and comprehensive management scheme should be applied, aiming at sustainability of water resources and based on surface water and groundwater exploitation, simultaneously.

scholarly journals Exploration and Practice of Rigid Restraint System of Water Resources at County Level: A case study of Yongkang City

2021 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Suchun Chen ◽  
Shiwu Wang ◽  
Jinxing Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Rigid Constraint ◽  
Promotion Mechanism ◽  
General Secretary

General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to take water resources as the maximum rigid restriction, emphasize using water resources as its capacity permits, and actively explore new ways of high-quality development with regional characteristics. Yongkang is a water shortage county in the southern water-rich area. The contradiction between insufficient water supply and rapid economic and social development and continuous improvement of ecological environment is more prominent. In this paper, industrial water users are taken as the key control objects, and the added value of unit water consumption is taken as the rigid constraint index of water resources. It is incorporated into the reform of “heroes per acre” and integrated with the existing water resources management system to design the collaborative promotion mechanism framework of general rigid constraint of water resources. Then, the application practice in Yongkang is carried out, and the responsibilities of various administrative departments are clarified.

scholarly journals The Quality of Water Resources as a Factor of Regional Strategizing

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Natalya Kosolapova ◽  
Lyudmila Matveeva ◽  
Olga Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
The State ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The purpose of this article is to study the processes of water quality management, which are considered as the main factor of the strategic social and economic development of the region and also to form tools supporting this process. The article analyzes the state and development trends of the water sector of the Rostov region from the standpoint of solving the problems of its strategic social and economic development. The authors demonstrate the possibility of intellectualization of regional strategizing processes through the use of water quality monitoring of the knowledge of experts with the use of fuzzy logic. The review of existing approaches to the assessment of water resources quality is given. It is shown that these approaches do not take into account the different requirements of water users to the content of chemicals and compounds in the water but assess the state of water resources in terms of conformity of concentration indices of polluting substances to maximally allowable concentrations. The authors suggest assessing the quality of water resources in compliance with the criteria of the contamination of water resources set for every category of water users. The approach proposed by the authors implies the assessment of water quality in two modes – differentiated and complex. Meanwhile, the suggested tools are universal and can be used in the systems of regional strategizing of the use of various water basins. A conceptual representation of the structure of the management system of water resources quality in the region within the system of regional strategizing is formed and the main problems of its development are identified.

Assessing the water quality in coastal aquifer of Chennai, India - a case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
A. Annapoorani ◽  
A. Murugesan ◽  
A. Ramu ◽  
N.G. Renganathan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coastal Aquifer

The effectiveness of water resources management in Pra Basin

Water Policy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Ebo Duncan ◽  
Nanne de Vries ◽  
Kwabena Biritwum Nyarko
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Water Management System ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Human Resource Capacity ◽  
Government Interference ◽  
Implementation Gaps ◽  
Water Quality And Quantity

Abstract Integrated water resources management (IWRM) has been criticized yet it is the dominant approach to water resources management in developing countries. The criticism emanates from the manifold unfounded assumptions made during implementation on issues such as availability of technology and infrastructure, privatization and sustainable financing, human resource capacity, government interference, etc. The Pra Basin has been implementing IWRM since 2011. The basin houses nine out of the 17 artificial reservoirs constructed in Ghana for drinking water supply. It is therefore prudent that the basin's water resources are given extra management care to ensure sustainable water quality and quantity for growth and development. However, much uncertainty still exists about whether the best water management system is being practiced, whether the system is working well, or needs improvement. This study examines the effectiveness of water resources management in the Pra Basin of Ghana. This study used interviews, field observations, and documents such as Pra Basin IWRM plan, the national IWRM plan, etc., to assess the effectiveness of IWRM in the Pra Basin. The result of the study showed that IWRM although appropriate for the basin had implementation gaps. These gaps are potential contributors to deteriorating water quality.

Getting ready for climate change implications for the western USA

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-733
Author(s):  
P. Standish-Lee ◽  
K. Lecina
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Western United States ◽  
The West ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Water Users

Water users throughout the western United States have faced supply problems from the conception of modern civilization. Today, climate change, population growth, and declining water quality combine with the age-old problem of finding sufficient water resources in a region with a largely arid climate. Climate change in particular poses a significant threat to the sustainability of water supplies in the western United States (the West). Casting aside all debate about who and what is responsible for climate change, the public and water utilities alike must be prepared to address its effects on water supplies.

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