Development of a New Bio Composite Material by Utilizing Walnut Shell Powder, Coir and Jute Fiber and Evaluation of its Mechanical Properties

Jute fibers are totally biodegradable and recyclable substances, i.e., environmentally friendly substances. The contemporary annual global production of jute fiber is ready 3. 2 million tons and used for diverse packages. Various research is being accomplished to discover a suitable substitute for the nonbio degradable plastic strengthened composites, which has a negative effect at the environment. The mercerization technique is executed the use of 8% of sodium in water to form the sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The property of the fabric is similarly promoted with the aid of adding mud crab shell powder and mussels shell powder all through the hand moulding process. The composite fabric is evolved with the assist of isophthalic polyester resin with 2% of accelerator and hardener used at the side of it. Experiments are executed as according to ASTM requirements to discover the mechanical properties. In addition to mechanical properties HDT(Heat Deflection Test) and rate of burning test are done. With help of the studies and study,Jute fabric mat can be used as an alternate for plastic components (non bio degradable).

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Influence of the size of walnut shell particulates on mechanical properties of epoxy-based composites

Journal of Engineering Research ◽

10.36909/jer.icippsd.15541 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Satish Kumar Shejkar ◽

◽

Basant Agrawal ◽

Alok Agrawal ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Particle Size ◽

Hardness Test ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Walnut Shell ◽

Compressive Test ◽

New Class ◽

Appreciable Increase ◽

Particulate Filler ◽

Shell Powder

In the present work, a new class of polymer composite is developed using walnut shell powder (WSP) as particulate filler in the epoxy matrix. Three different sizes of WSP are used for preparing three different sets of composites. The particle size selected is 50-micron, 75-micron, and 100-micron. In each set of composites with different particle size, four compositions i.e., 5 wt. %, 10 wt. %, 15 wt. % and 20 wt. % of the WSP is fabricated. All prepared composites have undergone testing to study the behavior of the material under mechanical loading. The different mechanical tests performed are the tensile test, flexural test, compressive test and hardness test. From the experimentation, the inclusion of WSP appreciably alters the different mechanical properties of epoxy. With the increase in the content of filler, an appreciable increase in the value of hardness and compressive strength is observed. Though, it has been seen that the tensile strength and flexural strength of the material is compromised slightly when the content of WSP increases beyond a certain limit. Further, it is observed that composites fabricated with smaller size particles give improved mechanical properties as compared to their counterparts.

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Physio-mechanical & wear performance of banana fiber/walnut powder based epoxy composites

Acta Innovations ◽

10.32933/actainnovations.41.4 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 42-55

Author(s):

Surya P Gairola ◽

Yogesh Tyagi ◽

Brijesh Gangil ◽

Kanishk Jha

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Natural Fibers ◽

Synthetic Fiber ◽

Walnut Shell ◽

Banana Fiber ◽

Wear Performance ◽

Banana Fibers ◽

Composite Fabrication ◽

Sustainable Materials ◽

Shell Powder

The present environmental condition indicates the immediate need for sustainable materials containing mainly natural elements for composite fabrication. Encouragement of natural fibers in composite materials can significantly reduce the greenhouse effect and the high cost of manufacturing synthetic fiber-based polymer composites. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the physio-mechanical properties of banana fiber (BF) fiber -based epoxy (EP) composites filled with walnut shell powder (WNP). Fabrication was carried out by mixing and cold pressing with fixed BF proportion and varying percentages of WNP (0%, 5%, 10%, 15 wt. %). The results obtained in the study suggest the mechanical properties of the BF/EP composite were enhanced with the addition of WNP as a filler. This is because the WNP filler occupies the spaces in the composite, which bridge the gaps between the banana fibers and the epoxy matrix; also, the inclusion of walnut powder in the BF/EP composites greatly enhanced their wear resistance. The microstructural properties of the composites were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

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Atomic structure of interface of intermetallic compound TiAl and nitride Ti2AIN using HREM and image processing

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100087161 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 570-571

Author(s):

E. Sukedai ◽

H. Mabuchi ◽

H. Hashimoto ◽

Y. Nakayama

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Image Processing ◽

Composite Material ◽

Intermetallic Compound ◽

Side Surface ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽

Hexagonal Structure ◽

Second Phase ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

Compound Tial

In order to improve the mechanical properties of an intermetal1ic compound TiAl, a composite material of TiAl involving a second phase Ti2AIN was prepared by a new combustion reaction method. It is found that Ti2AIN (hexagonal structure) is a rod shape as shown in Fig.1 and its side surface is almost parallel to the basal plane, and this composite material has distinguished strength at elevated temperature and considerable toughness at room temperature comparing with TiAl single phase material. Since the property of the interface of composite materials has strong influences to their mechanical properties, the structure of the interface of intermetallic compound and nitride on the areas corresponding to 2, 3 and 4 as shown in Fig.1 was investigated using high resolution electron microscopy and image processing.

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Dynamic Mechanical Properties and Free Vibration Characteristics of Surface Modified Jute Fiber/Nano-Clay Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Journal of Polymers and the Environment ◽

10.1007/s10924-020-01945-y ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

S. Ramakrishnan ◽

K. Krishnamurthy ◽

G. Rajeshkumar ◽

M. Asim

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Free Vibration ◽

Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽

Vibration Characteristics ◽

Epoxy Composites ◽

Jute Fiber ◽

Dynamic Mechanical ◽

Nano Clay ◽

Surface Modified

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Factorial approach for multiple optimization of mechanical properties of alternative composite material for manufacture/repair flight surfaces (WING TIP - FAIRING ASSY)/CIDFAE

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.256 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Paredes Juan ◽

Silva Vinicio ◽

Vaca Henry ◽

Enríquez Víctor ◽

Arroba Cesar

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Composite Material ◽

Factorial Approach ◽

Wing Tip

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Acoustic Emission and K-S Metric Entropy as Methods for Determining Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21010145 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 145

Author(s):

Lesław Kyzioł ◽

Katarzyna Panasiuk ◽

Grzegorz Hajdukiewicz ◽

Krzysztof Dudzik

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Acoustic Emission ◽

Composite Material ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Entropy Method ◽

Displacement Sensor ◽

Metric Entropy ◽

Plastic Phase

Due to the unique properties of polymer composites, these materials are used in many industries, including shipbuilding (hulls of boats, yachts, motorboats, cutters, ship and cooling doors, pontoons and floats, torpedo tubes and missiles, protective shields, antenna masts, radar shields, and antennas, etc.). Modern measurement methods and tools allow to determine the properties of the composite material, already during its design. The article presents the use of the method of acoustic emission and Kolmogorov-Sinai (K-S) metric entropy to determine the mechanical properties of composites. The tested materials were polyester-glass laminate without additives and with a 10% content of polyester-glass waste. The changes taking place in the composite material during loading were visualized using a piezoelectric sensor used in the acoustic emission method. Thanks to the analysis of the RMS parameter (root mean square of the acoustic emission signal), it is possible to determine the range of stresses at which significant changes occur in the material in terms of its use as a construction material. In the K-S entropy method, an important measuring tool is the extensometer, namely the displacement sensor built into it. The results obtained during the static tensile test with the use of an extensometer allow them to be used to calculate the K-S metric entropy. Many materials, including composite materials, do not have a yield point. In principle, there are no methods for determining the transition of a material from elastic to plastic phase. The authors showed that, with the use of a modern testing machine and very high-quality instrumentation to record measurement data using the Kolmogorov-Sinai (K-S) metric entropy method and the acoustic emission (AE) method, it is possible to determine the material transition from elastic to plastic phase. Determining the yield strength of composite materials is extremely important information when designing a structure.

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Phenolic Foam from Liquefied Products of Walnut Shell in Phenol

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.241 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 236-238 ◽

pp. 241-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yuan Bo Huang ◽

Zhi Feng Zheng ◽

Hao Feng ◽

Hui Pan

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Reaction Temperature ◽

Cellular Structure ◽

Tween 80 ◽

High Yield ◽

Walnut Shell ◽

Blowing Agent ◽

Phenolic Foam ◽

Resol Resin ◽

Alkaline Conditions

The resol-type resin was prepared with a high yield from the liquefied products of walnut shell in phenol, which was reacted with formaldehyde under low alkaline conditions. The effects of reaction temperature and time on the yield and viscosity of the resol resin were investigated. Results showed that the optimum resol resinification conditions were a reaction temperature of 80°C and a reaction time of 2 h. The biomass-based resol resin from liquefied products of walnut shell was successfully applied to produce phenolic foam with diisopropyl ether as the blowing agent, Tween 80 as the surfactant and hydrochloric acid as the catalyst, respectively. The obtained foams showed satisfactory mechanical properties and a uniform fine cellular structure.

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