scholarly journals The Rate of Sample Rejection and Pre-Analytical Errors at KCMC Clinical Laboratory in Moshi, Kilimanjaro

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Victor V. Mosha ◽  
Claudia Kabanyana
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Major Type ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Specimen Handling ◽  
Laboratory Staff ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analytical Errors

Background: Over the years, modern medicine has been able to provide a better quality services to patients. However, medical error is still prevalent and has a lot of negative consequences on patients’ outcome. These may include delayed treatment, longer hospital stays, or even worsening of the patient’s condition. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of sample rejection at KCMC Clinical Laboratory and the different pre-analytical errors that contribute to it. Methods: Data extraction sheet was used to collect information from rejection forms from January to December 2016. Information on types of sample rejected, the wards/departments from which they were collected and the clinical laboratory section in which they were to be analysed were collected. Results: Out of the 117181 samples received from January to December 2016, 234 were rejected, giving a 0.19% rate of rejection. The highest rates of rejection were from haematology section 78 (33.3%). The major type of rejected sample was blood (86.3%) and 20% of the rejected samples came from internal medicine department, mainly from its inpatient department (13.6%). The commonest reason for rejection was unpaid specimens 84 (35.9%).     Conclusion: The impact of pre-analytical errors on patient care is not negligible. A joint collaboration of all the stakeholders involved in patient care, specimen handling and analysis, and policymaking is necessary to arrive at quick and tangible solutions. Better communication between laboratory staff and other health care personnel is essential.

A Network Model of Communication and Test Utilization: A Laboratory Ambassador Program

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S146-S146
Author(s):  
LeAnne Hutson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Laboratory Staff ◽  
Health Care Professions ◽  
Nursing Unit ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Specimen Quality ◽  
Small Team

Abstract Clinical laboratories often have the problem of poor communication between the lab and other health care professions, mainly nursing. This miscommunication can negatively influence employee satisfaction and patient care, requiring specimen recollections when quality is jeopardized. In an effort to improve specimen quality and build relationships between professionals, Parkland Hospital has worked to focus attention on laboratory/nursing communication by implementing the Laboratory Ambassador Program. The initial implementation of the Ambassador Program began in 2008 but ended in 2012 due to staffing issues. Afterward, the clinical laboratory noticed a marked increase in specimen recollections due to the specimen quality. They also found that both the nursing and laboratory staff missed the interactions between each other. As a result, the Ambassador Program restarted in 2018, targeting eight nursing units. A small team of laboratory professionals was assigned to each nursing unit and provided educational and reference material on specimen collections. The Ambassador Program at Parkland Hospital has proven to improve patient care by lessening specimen recollections by nearly 30%, and it has built critical relationships between nursing and the clinical laboratory staff. By working together with nursing, the laboratorians can now see the bigger picture of health care outside of the lab, and nursing now understands the complexities of laboratory testing and resulting.

Assuring the quality of interpretative comments in clinical chemistry

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Vasikaran ◽  
Kenneth Sikaris ◽  
Eric Kilpatrick ◽  
Jane French ◽  
Tony Badrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
Laboratory Staff ◽  
Laboratory Services ◽  
Method Of Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Eqa Schemes ◽  
Interpretative Comments

AbstractThe provision of interpretative advice on laboratory results is a post-analytic activity and an integral part of clinical laboratory services. It is valued by healthcare workers and has the potential to prevent or reduce errors and improve patient outcomes. It is important to ensure that interpretative comments provided by laboratory personnel are of high quality: comments should be patient-focused and answer the implicit or explicit question raised by the requesting clinician. Comment providers need to be adequately trained and qualified and be able to demonstrate their proficiency to provide advice on laboratory reports. External quality assessment (EQA) schemes can play a part in assessing and demonstrating the competence of such laboratory staff and have an important role in their education and continuing professional development. A standard structure is proposed for EQA schemes for interpretative comments in clinical chemistry, which addresses the scope and method of assessment including nomenclature and marking scales. There is a need for evidence that participation in an EQA program for interpretative commenting facilitates improved quality of comments. It is proposed that standardizing goals and methods of assessment as well as nomenclature and marking scales may help accumulate evidence to demonstrate the impact of participation in EQA for interpretative commenting on patient outcome.

Effi cacy and safety of carboxytherapy in patients with ischemic stroke

2022 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
G. R. Ramazanov ◽  
E. A. Chukina ◽  
E. V. Shevchenko ◽  
S. A. Abudeev ◽  
E. V. Klychnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
The Impact

The modern integrated approach to the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS), in addition to pharmacotherapy, provides for the impact of physical factors. Among them is injectable carboxytherapy (ICBT). Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effi cacy and safety of using ICBT in combination with a standard treatment program in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Material and methods. The main group (MG) included 39 patients with acute IS, the comparison group (GC) — 31 patients. On the second day of hospitalization, patients with MG underwent ICBT on the background of standard therapy, and GC — procedures that mimic ICBT. Clinical, laboratory and instrumental data, IS outcomes, complications, timing were assessed.Results. There were no statistically signifi cant diff erences in physiological parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, SpO2) between MG and GC during and after the course of treatment. Positive dynamics of the neurological status was observed in both groups in the form of a decrease in the NIHSS score — in the MG from 6 to 4 (p = 0.047), in the GC — also from 6 to 4 (p = 0.25). In patients with MG, trophic disorders were less likely to develop in comparison with GC — 1 (2.6%) versus 6 (19.4%), p = 0.039. ICBT did not aff ect the duration of hospitalization of patients, the duration of treatment in the intensive care unit and carrying of resuscitation and also did not contribute to reducing mortality. Changes in the indicators of the acid-base state of the blood were compensatory in nature and did not lead to changes in the pH of the blood. The decrease in pH from 7.5 to 7.4 in 30–90 minutes after the procedures was a physiological reaction of the body to the introduction of CO2 and was not accompanied by negative consequences. Conclusions. ICBT is a safe method, does not aff ect the duration of hospital stay and mortality, help lower the likelihood of complications.

Conflicts in Biafra, Katanga and Cabinda as a result of the geopolitical legacy of colonialism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 238-246
Author(s):  
Olga Dzhenchakova
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the impact of the colonial past of some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and its effect on their development during the post-colonial period. The negative consequences of the geopolitical legacy of colonialism are shown on the example of three countries: Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Angola, expressed in the emergence of conflicts in these countries based on ethno-cultural, religious and socio-economic contradictions. At the same time, the focus is made on the economic factor and the consequences of the consumer policy of the former metropolises pursuing their mercantile interests were mixed.

HOW CLIMATE CHANGE CAN INFLUENCE THE AGRICULTURE IN UKRAINE: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Maidanovych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this work is to review and analyze the main results of modern research on the impact of climate change on the agro-sphere of Ukraine. Results. Analysis of research has shown that the effects of climate change on the agro-sphere are already being felt today and will continue in the future. The observed climate changes in recent decades have already significantly affected the shift in the northern direction of all agro-climatic zones of Europe, including Ukraine. From the point of view of productivity of the agro-sphere of Ukraine, climate change will have both positive and negative consequences. The positives include: improving the conditions of formation and reducing the harvesting time of crop yields; the possibility of effective introduction of late varieties (hybrids), which require more thermal resources; improving the conditions for overwintering crops; increase the efficiency of fertilizer application. Model estimates of the impact of climate change on wheat yields in Ukraine mainly indicate the positive effects of global warming on yields in the medium term, but with an increase in the average annual temperature by 2 ° C above normal, grain yields are expected to decrease. The negative consequences of the impact of climate change on the agrosphere include: increased drought during the growing season; acceleration of humus decomposition in soils; deterioration of soil moisture in the southern regions; deterioration of grain quality and failure to ensure full vernalization of grain; increase in the number of pests, the spread of pathogens of plants and weeds due to favorable conditions for their overwintering; increase in wind and water erosion of the soil caused by an increase in droughts and extreme rainfall; increasing risks of freezing of winter crops due to lack of stable snow cover. Conclusions. Resource-saving agricultural technologies are of particular importance in the context of climate change. They include technologies such as no-till, strip-till, ridge-till, which make it possible to partially store and accumulate mulch on the soil surface, reduce the speed of the surface layer of air and contribute to better preservation of moisture accumulated during the autumn-winter period. And in determining the most effective ways and mechanisms to reduce weather risks for Ukrainian farmers, it is necessary to take into account the world practice of climate-smart technologies.

Financial Risks of the Bank: Assessment and Mechanism of Neutralization

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Nelia Volkova ◽  
◽  
Alina Mukhina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Banking Institution ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Introduction. The issue of financial risk management of commercial banks is quite relevant today, because the activity of banks is the most risky of all. The presence of risks in banking can lead to unexpected losses, namely the loss of own resources. That’s why for the stable operation of the bank without loss the priority is to assess the financial risks, which is the basis for their further neutralization. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to develop conceptual provisions for assessment financial risks and justifying the need to neutralize them. Results. The article analyzes the impact of risks on the financial stability of a banking institution. The main methods of bank risk assessment are considered. All these include the statistical method, the analytical method, the expert method, the analogue method and the combined method. The necessity of neutralization of financial risks in order to avoid negative consequences is substantiated. Also the methods of bank risks neutralization are considered. It should be noted that these methods of neutralization can not only be used, but also supplement the list with new methods must be done, which in the future will protect the bank from the influence of undesirable factors. A conceptual approach to the assessment and neutralization of financial risks is proposed. This conceptual approach aims to ensure effective assessment of the level of risk with their subsequent neutralization Conclusions. Use of a conceptual approach will allow an effective risk assessment and decision-making to avoid or accept risk. Thanks to using this approach, the banking institution will be able to react swiftly to the presence of financial risks and to prevent the occurrence of negative consequences, which may lead to a violation of the financial stability of the bank.

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