JURIDICAL OVERVIEW OF THE FINANCING OF MSME MICRO CAPITAL SERVICE UNIT (ULaMM) SYARIAH

This article is motivated by the special tasks carried out by thePT. Madani National Capital (PNM), which is only to carry out business activities to channel funds without making efforts to raise funds because this business unit is not a banking institution. The Micro Capital Service Unit (ULaMM) is a capital loan service for micro and small businesses accompanied by guidance to develop their business.UlaMM has been running business activities and providing financing services for the development of cooperatives, micro, small and medium enterprises. The agreement made by both parties was made in writing in accordance with POJK Number 16/POJK.05/2019 concerning the Supervision of PT. Permodalan Nasional Madani, Micro Capital Service Unit (ULaMM). This research uses descriptive qualitative method with data analysis used with descriptive analysis. Based on the method that has been used, it can be concluded that the agreement made is stated in writing in an agreement, this is in line with the provisions contained in POJK article 7 paragraph (2) which regulates that the financing service agreement must be made in writing. The agreement made is also in accordance with the provisions contained in Article 1320 of the Civil Code which regulates the legal terms of agreement.

PENGARUH PERSEPSI KEYAKINAN DAN BAGI HASIL TERHADAP MINAT MENABUNG DI BANK SYARIAH

Islamic Banking is a banking institution that runs with the principles of sharia. In every business activity, Islamic banks always use the laws of Islam listed in the Qur’an and Hadith. This study aims to determine the influence of perceptions of beliefs, and profit sharing perceptions of interest in saving. This research is a quantitative descriptive research with survey method. The population in this study are Surabaya students who are saving in Bank Sharia. Instrument test, classical assumption test, and data analysis test in this study using SPSS. From the results of the study, it is known that the perception of belief has a positive and significant effect to the interest of saving, and the perception of the results have a positive and significant impact on interest in saving.

PENGARUH PERSEPSI KEYAKINAN DAN BAGI HASIL TERHADAP MINAT MENABUNG DI BANK SYARIAH

Islamic Banking is a banking institution that runs with the principles of sharia. In every business activity, Islamic banks always use the laws of Islam listed in the Qur’an and Hadith. This study aims to determine the influence of perceptions of beliefs, and profit sharing perceptions of interest in saving. This research is a quantitative descriptive research with survey method. The population in this study are Surabaya students who are saving in Bank Sharia. Instrument test, classical assumption test, and data analysis test in this study using SPSS. From the results of the study, it is known that the perception of belief has a positive and significant effect to the interest of saving, and the perception of the results have a positive and significant impact on interest in saving.

Fraud in the banking system of Ukraine: ways to combat taking into account foreign experience

The article aims to identify effective ways to combat bank fraud in Ukraine. Using the method of systematic analysis of theoretical experience, practical measures and international legislation in the field of combating banking fraud, the main factors influencing the bank fraud level are identified: financial instability of the banking institution, lack of information about the client's credit history, poor internal control, low level of corporate governance, lack of a standard procedure for customers verification, lack of a unified register of bank employees, imperfect legal regulators and a banking control system. The study allowed to identify the characteristics of an effective banking fraud combating system: a clear definition of the legal framework, regulation subjects and objects, strict and guaranteed liability for violations of laws, cooperation of structural units and regulatory authorities at the domestic and international level, state control of financial monitoring. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the successful experience of developed countries, comprehensive implementation of measures to combat bank fraud (at the legislative, bank management and technological level) will not only reduce the level of bank fraud, but also corruption, money laundering and terrorist financing rate.

Escándalos de corrupción e investigación gubernamental. Reflexiones en torno al caso de Santa Fe (Argentina), 1890-1894.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar ciertos tópicos que recorren la llamada “Nueva” Historia Cultural de la Corrupción Política como aquellos que pivotean en torno a los términos vinculados al concepto de corrupción, las percepciones que los protagonistas esgrimen respecto a los hechos escandalosos, la derivación de las denuncias en investigaciones gubernamentales y presentaciones judiciales y la actuación de la prensa en el proceso investigativo. Para ello, nos centraremos en la pesquisa emprendida por el comisionado gubernamental Ricardo Pillado en el Banco Provincial de Santa Fe (Argentina) referida a las anomalías registradas en la entidad durante los años anteriores a la crisis de 1890. El caso resulta significativo porque, por primera vez, las denuncias de corrupción sobre lo sucedido en la institución bancaria no provenían de la esfera periodística, sino que eran originadas desde el ámbito estatal. This article aims to analyze certain topics that run through the so-called “New” Cultural History of Political Corruption, such as those that revolve around the terms related to the concept of corruption, the perceptions that the protagonists hold regard to the scandalous events the derivation of denunciation in government investigations and judicial presentations and the role played by the press in the investigative process. To this end, we will focus on the research undertaken by the government commissioner, Ricardo Pillado, in the Provincial Bank of Santa Fe (Argentina) referring to the anomalies registered in the entity during the years preceding the crisis of 1890. The case is significant because, for the first time, the denunciation of corruption in the banking institution did not come from the journalistic sphere but originated from the state level.

Analysis of Tawarruq contract in the Islamic profit rate swap (IPRS) implementation in Malaysia

Purpose This study aims to analyse the Shariah issues in the implementation of tawarruq contract in the Islamic profit rate swap (IPRS) instrument in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach This is a qualitative study in applying data analysis and semi-structured interview approaches. Data was collected from various documents including journals, articles and past studies conducted by scholars. To achieve the purpose of this study, the data is analysed based on thematic analysis. Findings The study found several Shariah issues regarding the implementation of tawarruq contract in the IPRS instruments, which have remained a dispute amongst the Islamic financial scholars such as its profit-making purpose, encouragement of debt, impediment of shared risk concept, disputed underlying assets, a deception towards allowing riba and dual agency. Research limitations/implications This study recommends several improvements such as the establishment of a neutral agency that does not represent any banking institution to manage the tawarruq contract commodity purchase from Bursa Suq al-Sila’ (BSAS). In addition, a neutral agency can provide aid in terms of transaction facility or at least consultation service for clients to enable them to conduct the commodity transactions independently. Practical implications Moreover, guidelines should be established on the separation of the deadline to sign the agreement of appointment of a bank as the commodity purchase agent and the agreement of appointment of the bank as the commodity sale agent on behalf of clients. All transactions related to tawarruq contract commodity must be done through BSAS. The regulators and industry experts may create a guideline for the IPRS based on the issues and recommendations that have been discussed in this study. Originality/value On the basis of the analysis of the criticisms and issues in the implementation of tawarruq contract in the IPRS instrument, the current study found that an intermediating institution is allowed to gain profits from transactions conducted so long as they are based on Shariah principles of contract in Islam. As there is no parameter specifically for IPRS, thus the suggested parameter can be used by policymakers such as the Central Bank of Malaysia to ensure the industry complies with Shariah principles.

JUSTIFICATION OF BANK FINANCIAL SECURITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

Inconsistency of modern conditions of commercial banks operation pose a threat to their activities and existence. Therefore, the problem of ensuring the financial security of banks is relevant. Ensuring the financial security of the bank should be based on a scientifically sound strategy that involves action on certain functional components of security. It is proposed to use a functional approach to the integrated assessment of the level of financial security of a banking institution, which takes into account four groups of indicators - capital and resource, credit and investment, currency security, as well as the security of bank income and expenses. This approach makes it possible to quantify the impact of each group of indicators on the level of financial security of a banking institution. An integrated assessment of the key components of the bank’s integrated financial security indicator revealed that the four surveyed banks are characterized by a sufficient level of financial security. The results of the integrated indicator of financial security of the bank should be used in developing a strategy for ensuring the financial security of the bank. The article proposes and substantiates the theoretical and methodological foundations of the strategy for ensuring the financial security of the bank. It is substantiated that to achieve a certain level of financial security of the bank it is advisable to use the GAP-method. It is proved that the application of this method will allow to single out only those components that have the greatest impact on the level of bank security and which need to be influenced. It is established that the strategy of ensuring the financial security of a banking institution should be aimed at bridging the gaps in key indicators. The methodology of game theory was used to establish the expediency of overcoming strategic gaps. It is proved that the application of the chosen methods of strategic planning will allow to quickly identify the causes of deviations from the safe level of the bank and justify the feasibility of influencing certain factors. Keywords: financial security of the bank, financial security strategy, GAP-method, integrated indicator of financial security of the bank. JEL Classification G 21, O 16 Formulas: 4; fig.: 0; tabl.: 5; bibl.: 17.

Analysis Efficiency of Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia

Indonesia has the potential to become a leader in the development of the Islamic financial market in the world with majority population is Muslim. The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has caused decrease in economic growth. However, the distribution of financing by Islamic banks in 2020 increased. With the current progress of the Islamic banking institution in Indonesia, it is necessary to estimation the efficiency level of Islamic banks and the impact of technology on the efficiency of Islamic banks. This research will analyze the efficiency from sharia commercial bank and the effect of internal factors and technology on efficiency. This research will used annual data from sharia commercial bank in 2014 to 2020. To analyze of efficiency will be used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method and used Tobit method to analyze the effect of internal factors and technology on efficiency. In general, the efficiency of sharia commercial bank in Indonesia has a fluctuative tren in 2014-2020. The estimation results of tobit method is return on assets (ROA) has significantly contributing positive effects to efficiency. Meanwhile, technology has significantly contributing negative effect to efficiency.

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK KONVENSIONAL DENGAN BANK SYARIAH PERIODE 2015-2019

<p><strong><em>ABSTRACT: </em></strong><em>Even though the majority of the population of Indonesia is Muslim, there is a lack of views about the advantages of Islamic banks, so they prefer to use conventional banking services. The target to be achieved is to find out whether there is a dissimilarity between conventional banks and Islamic banks in their financial performance. And to find out which banking institution is superior based on financial performance ratios. This study uses a comparative descriptive method through a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling technique. The data used are financial ratios, namely CAR, NPL/NPF, ROA, BOPO, and LDR/FDR. Then the facts are as follows: 1) There is dissimilarity in CAR performance between the two banks, and CAR at conventional banks is superior to Islamic banks. 2) There is dissimilarity in the performance of NPL/NPF between the two banks, and the NPL/NPF of conventional banks is superior to that of Islamic banks. 3) There is no dissimilarity in ROA performance between the two banks, and ROA at conventional banks is superior to Islamic banks. 4) There is no dissimilarity in BOPO performance between the two banks, and BOPO at conventional banks is superior to Islamic banks. 5) There is no dissimilarity in the performance of LDR/FDR between the two banks, and LDR/FDR in Islamic banks is superior to conventional banks.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em> Conventional Banks, Islamic Banks, Financial Performance, Financial Ratios</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRAK:</strong> Kendatipun sebagian besar penduduk negara Indonesia beragama Muslim, namun minimnya pandangan mengenai keunggulan bank syariah sehingga mereka lebih memilih memanfaatkan jasa perbankan konvensional. Sasaran yang ingin dicapai yakni ingin mendapati ada tidaknya dismilaritas bank konvensional dengan bank syariah dalam kinerja keuangannya, dan untuk mendapati lembaga perbankan mana yang lebih unggul beralaskan rasio kinerja keuangan. Penelitian ini memakai metode deskriptif komparatif melalui pendekatan kuantitatif. Dengan Teknik pengambilan sampel yang dipakai yakni teknik <em>simple random sampling</em>. Data yang dipakai berupa rasio-rasio keuangan yaitu CAR, NPL/NPF, ROA, BOPO, dan LDR/FDR. Kemudian faktanya yakni seperti berikut ini: 1) Adanya dismilaritas kinerja CAR antara kedua bank, dan CAR pada bank konvensional lebih unggul ketimbang bank syariah. 2) Adanya dismilaritas kinerja NPL/NPF antara kedua bank, dan NPL/NPF pada bank konvensional lebih unggul ketimbang bank syariah. 3) Tidak adanya dismilaritas kinerja ROA antara kedua bank, dan ROA pada bank konvensional lebih unggul ketimbang bank syariah. 4) Tidak adanya dismilaritas kinerja BOPO antara kedua bank, dan BOPO pada bank konvensional lebih unggul ketimbang bank syariah. 5) Tidak adanya dismilaritas kinerja LDR/FDR antara kedua bank, dan LDR/FDR pada bank syariah lebih unggul ketimbang bank konvensional.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> Bank Konvensional, Bank Syariah, Kinerja Keuangan, Rasio Keuangan</p><p> </p><p><em><br /></em></p>