Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Origanum onites L. and Cymbopogon citratus, and Their Synergistic Effects with Acyclovir against HSV-1

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sanitary quality of smoked fish by determining their mycotoxin content, and also the chemical composition, antifungal activity of Cymbopogon citratus and Ocimum basilicum essential oils from Cameroon against some mycotoxigenic fungal strains responsible of the smoked fish biodegradation. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon, from August 2019 to April 2020. Methodology: Fifteen samples of smoked fishes have been collected in August 2019 from “petit marché” market (Ngaoundere, Cameroon). Physico-chemical parameters of smoked fishes were evaluated. Mycotoxin (AFB1, CIT, and OTA) contents have been determined with HPLC. Isolation and identification of molds were done using their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, and the identity of the strains was done by PCR sequencing methods. For plants, 15 kg of Cymbopogon citratus leaves and 5 kg of Ocimum basilicum leaves have been harvested on 10 September 2019 in Ngaoundere and used for the essential oil’s extraction. Essential oil extraction has been done through hydrodistillation and the determination of its chemical composition done with GC/MS. Results: Major part of samples contains at least one mycotoxin, in quantities which are beyond the safe dose. Eleven species of molds have been identified: Aspergillus spp., Penicillium citrinum, and Mucor hiemalis. Amongst the isolated species, those which can produce mycotoxins are: Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium moniliforme. Geranial (42.4%), Neral (33.5%) and Myrcene (10.8%) are major compounds found in the essential oil of C. citratus while monoterpens (60.8%), Eugenol (30.7%), Linalol (29.4%) and 1,8-Cineol (14.3%) are the major compounds found in the essential oil of O. basilicum. Conclusion: Essential oils of C. citratus and O. basilicum are efficient against isolated toxigenic species. C. citratus being more efficient than O. basilicum.

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Study of the chemical composition of essential oils and floral waters of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) from Senegal

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences ◽

10.4314/ijbcs.v11i4.37 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1884 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Serigne Mbacké Diop ◽

Momar Talla Guèye ◽

Ibrahima Ndiaye ◽

Michel Bakar Diop ◽

El Hadji Barka Ndiaye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus

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Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil from Cuba and Brazil against housefly

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612015006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 36-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Zeneida Teixeira Pinto ◽

Félix Fernández Sánchez ◽

Arith Ramos dos Santos ◽

Ana Claudia Fernandes Amaral ◽

José Luiz Pinto Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Newly Hatched Larvae ◽

Main Components ◽

Dose Dependent

Essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus collected from Brazil and Cuba was tested to a chemical characterization and then was tested on the post-embryonic development of Musca domestica. The chemical composition analysis by GC-MS of the oils from Brazil/Cuba allowed the identification of 13 and 12 major constituents respectively; nine of them common to both. In the both oils, the main components were the isomers geranial and neral, which together form the compound citral. This corresponds to a total of 97.92%/Brazil and 97.69%/Cuba of the compounds identified. The monoterpene myrcene, observed only in the sample of Cuba, presented a large relative abundance (6.52%). The essential oil of C. citratus (Brazil/Cuba) was dissolved in DMSO and tested at concentrations of 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100% and citral was prepared by mixing 16.8 mg with 960 µL DMSO. Both essential oils and monoterpene citral were applied topically to newly-hatched larvae (1µL/larva). The results showed a lethal concentration (LC50) of 4.25 and 3.24% for the Brazilian and Cuban essential oils, respectively. Mortalities of larval and newly-hatched larvae to adult periods were dose-dependent for the two both oils as for monoterpene citral, reaching 90%. Both essential oils and citral caused morphological changes in adult specimens.

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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil Alone and in Combination with Origanum majorana and Caryophyllus aromaticus Essential Oils against Some Foodborne Bacteria

International Journal of Enteric Pathogens ◽

10.15171/ijep.2019.14 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 60-67

Author(s):

Razieh Partovi ◽

Fazele Talebi ◽

Zahra Boluki ◽

Aghil Sharifzadeh

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Foodborne Bacteria ◽

Origanum Majorana ◽

Time Kill

Background: Food spoilage and foodborne diseases are two important problems in the food industry. On the other hand, consumers’ tendency to use natural additives is increasing. Hence, plant essential oils (EOs) can be safe alternatives in this regard. Objective: The objectives were to determine the chemical composition and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus EO against some foodborne bacteria alone and in combination with Origanum majorana and Caryophyllus aromaticus EOs. Materials and Methods: Chemical composition of C. citratus EO was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Further, antibacterial activity of the EO against foodborne bacteria was assessed using disk diffusion method. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the EO was determined by microdilution broth method and then the minimum bactericidal concentration value was determined. Checkerboard synergy testing was also performed to determine the fractional inhibitory concentration index. Finally, time-kill curves were drawn based on the bacterial population (CFU/mL) against time (h). Results: The major compounds of C. citratus EO were isothymol, thymol, trans-caryophyllene, and cymene. The most and the least sensitive foodborne bacteria to C. citratus EO were Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of C. citratus EO against all the evaluated bacteria were 0.1% and The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranged between 0.1 and >2% (v/v). The combination of C. citratus and O. majorana EOs showed a synergistic activity against Salmonella typhimurium and partial synergism against B. subtilis, Escherichia coli O157:H7, S. aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Moreover, the combination of C. citratus and C. aromaticus EOs demonstrated partial synergism against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes, and additive interaction against S. typhimurium; however, the combination was indifferent against E. coli O157:H7 and B. subtilis. Furthermore, C. citratus plus O. majorana EOs and C. citratus plus C. aromaticus EOs showed a bactericidal effect against S. typhimurium after 24 hours in the time-kill assay. Conclusion: In general, the synergism, partial synergism, and additive effects of C. citratus in combination with C. aromaticus and O. majorana EOs strengthen the antimicrobial activity, expand the spectrum of activity, reduce the concentrations required, decrease the side effects, and prevent the alteration of organoleptic properties of food.

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The influence of the chemical composition of essential oils of Clausena lansium seeds on the growth of Candida strains

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-99188-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yinzheng Ma ◽

Yuanxiao Wang ◽

Xia Zhou ◽

Heng Yang ◽

Huixin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Active Components ◽

Traditional Use ◽

The Difference

AbstractClausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels seeds have been shown to have diverse beneficial medical value due to their unique active components. This study analysed the composition of essential oils (EOs) of C. lansium seeds and investigated their potential antifungal effects against Candida strains. A total of forty-six components were identified in all samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The main components were sabinene, β-phellandrene and 4-terpineol. Thirteen EOs of C. lansium seeds were classified into three clusters based on their components. Cluster analysis showed that the difference between the tropics and subtropics was the greatest. These EOs and the three main chemicals showed different antifungal activities against five Candida species (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis). The antifungal activity against C. glabrata and C. krusei was higher than that against other Candida strains. EOs of C. lansium seeds displayed noteworthy antifungal activity against both sensitive and fluconazole-resistant strains, with inhibition zone diameters in the range of 9.4–23.4 mm. Comprehensive analysis illustrated the importance of sabinene, β-phellandrene and 4-terpineol to antifungal activity, and there may be some synergistic effects with other components. These results represent the first report about the correlation between the chemical composition of EOs of C. lansium seeds and antifungal activity. Taken together, the results obtained provide scientific evidence for the traditional use of C. lansium seeds waste.

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Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Thymus vulgaris , Cymbopogon citratus , and Rosmarinus officinalis , and Their Effects on the HIV-1 Tat Protein Function

Chemistry & Biodiversity ◽

10.1002/cbdv.201700436 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. e1700436 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Giordana Feriotto ◽

Nicola Marchetti ◽

Valentina Costa ◽

Simone Beninati ◽

Federico Tagliati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Protein Function ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽

Thymus Vulgaris ◽

Tat Protein ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Hiv 1

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Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Leaf and Flower Essential Oils of Origanum onites L. Growing in Mount Ida-Turkey

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A Chemistry ◽

10.18596/jotcsa.780334 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 813-820

Author(s):

Züleyha ÖZER

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Origanum Onites

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Chemical composition and cytotoxic activity of the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus L. Grown in phu tho province

Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.15625/1811-4989/14/4/12301 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 683-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hoang Thi Kim Van ◽

Nguyen Minh Quy ◽

Do Thi Vinh Ha ◽

Nguyen Thanh Hai ◽

Hoang Thi Ly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Hep3b Cell ◽

Cytotoxicity Test ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Ic50 Values

Culms and leaves of Cymbopogon citratus L. were collected from two regions of Phu Tho province (Thanh Son and Phu Ninh) and used as materials for essential oil extraction. Oils obtained were steam-distilled, analyzed for chemical composition and evaluated for cytotoxic activity against three different cancer cell lines. The GC/MS analysis showed that citral is the major content of the steam-distilled essential oils which was found in the range of 64.15-76.22%. Camphene was found only in culm oils of both regions but it was not detected in the leaf oils. Interestingly, the isomer forms of ocimene present at higher content in the culm oils than in the leaf oils whereas myrcene content in the leaf oils is higher than that in the culm oils. In a cytotoxicity test, four essential oils of culms and leaves of C. citratus from Thanh Son and Phu Ninh showed potent activity against A549 (human lung carcinoma) cell line with the IC50 values ranging from 4.01±0.39 to 6.3±0.54 µg/ml. The essential oils (culms and leaves) from Phu Ninh exhibited moderate effects on the Hela (human cervical adenocarcinoma) cells with the IC50 values of 19.43±1.16 and 42±2.41 µg/ml, respectively. However, they were inactive against the human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cell line. The essential oils from Thanh Son exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against Hela and Hep3B cell lines with the IC50 values ranging from 1.18±0.26 to 8.91±0.32 µg/ml. The results indicated that the essential oils of C. citratus from Thanh Son, Phu Tho could be considered as a promising candidate for the natural sources of anticancer agents.

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