Laboratory aspects of hemostasis in neonates

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
E. M. Koltsova ◽  
E. N. Balashova ◽  
M. A. Panteleev ◽  
A. N. Balandina
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Hemorrhagic Complications ◽  
Normal Functional ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Attending Physician

Newborns have high risks of thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications. Despite the fact that the overall frequency of thrombosis and bleeding in the general population of neonates is low, the risks of both thrombosis and hemorrhage are significantly increased when a newborn has some complications, including prematurity. The mechanisms underlying the onset of thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications in newborns are not fully understood and remain controversial. The hemostasis in newborns drastically differs from adult hemostasis and even from hemostasis in children older than a year. Nevertheless, despite the presence of quantitative and qualitative differences of almost all parameters of the hemostasis system from the parameters of adults, healthy newborns as a whole have clinically normal functional hemostasis without a tendency to coagulopathy or thrombosis. Apparently, the neonatal hemostasis system is in some alternative "balance", which differs from the "balance" of hemostasis in adults. The issue regarding the stability of this balance is still open. Due to the peculiarities of the newborn's hemostasis, clinical laboratory diagnostics of the coagulation disorders is very difficult, and the attending physician is forced to focus exclusively on the clinical picture. This review provides basic information on the neonatal hemostasis system, as well as an attempt to critically evaluate existing laboratory tests in terms of applicability for this group of patients.

scholarly journals LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS OF MALE INFERTILITY. BIOMARKERS. PART I

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Zh. Yu. Sapozhkova ◽  
G. A. Milovanova ◽  
O. I. Patsap
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Reproductive Medicine ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Human Semen ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches

Currently, clinical laboratory diagnostics of male infertility is an integral part of the diagnostic process in the field of reproductive medicine. This review provides information about novel and traditional immunological, cellular, biochemical and other markers of human semen, which are used in the complex laboratory diagnostics of male infertility. Unfortunately, at present, due to the lack of updated clinical guidelines for male and female infertility diagnostics, uninformative algorithms and incompatible assessment criteria are increasingly used. This situation leads to controversial discussions, where the diagnostic functions of laboratory tests and markers are questioned. That is why the constant search is needed for innovative diagnostic approaches aimed at in-depth study of the pathogenesis of male infertility and subfertility.

Pediatric Reference Intervals for Ten Coagulation Assays.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2988-2988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele M. Flanders ◽  
Ronda A. Crist ◽  
William M. Roberts ◽  
George M. Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limit ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Coagulation Proteins

Abstract There is a lack of reliable pediatric reference intervals for many clinical laboratory tests. In 2002, the Children’s Health Improvement through Laboratory Diagnostics (CHILDx) organization initiated a project to collect blood and urine samples from healthy children 7 – 17 years of age with the goal of establishing reference intervals for many laboratory tests. The purpose of the present study was to determine pediatric reference intervals for ten coagulation proteins associated with common bleeding and thrombotic disorders. All assays were functional except for vonWillebrand factor antigen. All were measured according to manufacturer specifications and standard methods using the STA-R coagulation analyzer (Diagnostica Stago), with the exception of the ristocetin cofactor assay, which was performed on the BCS (Dade Behring). Samples used to establish adult reference intervals were purchased from George King Bio-Medical, Precision Biologic, and also drawn in-house. At each age of life, 62 individuals (31 girls/31 boys) were drawn for a minimum of 124 individuals for each age group. Reference intervals were established based on a nonparametric method (NCCLS C28-A). RESULTS: 1. Although pediatric PTT values do not differ from adult values, the mean pediatric PT values are about 1 sec longer, 2. Pediatric FIX levels trend upward until ages 16-17 when adult levels are reached, 3. FVIII, FXI, RCF and vWFAg demonstrate higher reference values in younger ages, 4. The lower limit of pediatric AT levels is significantly higher than adults, 5. The lower limit of pediatric protein C levels is significantly lower than adults, however, this difference is not seen for protein S levels. In conclusion, a number of significant differences between pediatric and adult reference intervals have been found supporting the use of these newer reference intervals. Age N PT PTT F VIII F IX F XI 7–9 186 13.1–15.4* 27–38 78–199* 71–138* 70–138 10–11 124 12.9–15.5* 27–38 83–226* 72–159* 63–137 12–13 124 13.1–15.2* 27–38 74–205* 73–152* 65–130* 14–15 124 12.9–15.4* 26–35 69–241* 80–162 57–125* 16–17 121 12.6–15.9* 26–35 63–225* 85–175 64–160 Adult 125 12.3–14.4 26–38 56–190 78–184 56–153 Age AT RCF VWF Ag PC PS-Male PS-Female * The t-test of the means, F-test of the SD, or both is statistically different (p< 0.05) from adult reference values. 7–9 96–135* 51–172* 62–176 71–143* 64–141 58–154 10–11 92–134* 61–195* 61–201* 76–146* 68–150 68–140* 12–13 92–128* 47–183* 61–186* 68–162* 65–143 60–150 14–15 95–135* 50–215* 57–204* 69–170* 66–149 53–147* 16–17 94–131* 47–206* 51–211 70–170* 75–157* 51–150* Adult 76–128 44–195 51–185 83–168 66–143 57–131

Possibilities of using new test system for screening antibodies to hepatitis C produced by Alkor Bio company by ELISA during comparative laboratory tests

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
T. D. Grigorieva ◽  
M. Yu. Falileeva ◽  
E. P. Shargorodskaya
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Test System ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Infectious Disease Specialists ◽  
Real Patients

Currently, despite the wide variety of methods and tests for screening blood serum for antibodies to HCV, there are no reliable criteria that guarantee a reliable result. To date, the interpretation of the results of anti-HCV detection in samples with low CP values (low optical density in ELISA) remains one of the major tasks of laboratory diagnostics. Continuous improvement of analytical sensitivity and specificity of laboratory tests remains one of the priority tasks for manufacturers of modern test systems. The purpose of this article was to assess the specificity and sensitivity of the new Hepatitis ELISA-anti-HCV test system produced by Alkor Bio when compared with test systems from other manufacturers in settings with sera from real patients and in a series of control seroconversion panels. The article is intended for doctors of clinical laboratory diagnostics, epidemiologists, virologists, infectious disease specialists, students of medical and biological universities.

scholarly journals Laboratory medicine in modern teaching clinical physicians

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 4385
Author(s):  
T. V. Vavilova ◽  
O. V. Sirotkina ◽  
N. Yu. Chernysh ◽  
V. S. Berestovskaya ◽  
Yu. I. Zhilenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Technological Breakthrough ◽  
Based Medicine

At the end of the last century and, especially, in the first two decades of the 21st century, a significant technological breakthrough took place in clinical laboratory diagnostics in Russia. The transition from manual techniques to high-tech and high-performance automated systems has changed the potential of laboratory medicine. The laboratory has become a high-tech, rapidly developing branch of medical organizations. Following the changes in technology, the range of diagnostic tests began to alter, while the list of laboratory tests available grew. These dynamics are growing every year. Simple routine techniques, practiced for all patients, are complemented by more specific tests. The place of conventional routine tests has been determined by many years of practical experience, while modern analyzers allow the use of tests with a high evidence value of recommendations, which, in the context of evidence-based medicine, enable the clinician to conduct a personalized diagnostic search. At the same time, in order to use all the possibilities of laboratory medicine, the discipline Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics should be included in educational programs at different stages of a doctor's training.

scholarly journals Liver Diseases and the Hemostasis (Rewiew) Part 1. Non-Cholestatic Diseases of the Liver and Hemostasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 74-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Reshetnyak ◽  
I. V. Maev ◽  
T. M. Reshetnyak ◽  
S. V. Zhuravel ◽  
V. M. Pisarev
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Hemostasis System ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Hemostatic Disorders ◽  
Cholestatic Diseases

In liver diseases, most commonly in the terminal stage of liver failure, a variety of hemostatic defects affecting almost all parts of the blood coagulation system are developing. This leads to diminishing the capabilities of patients with liver diseases to correctly maintain the hemostatic balance.The severity of hemostatic disorders depends on the nosological form and degree of a liver damage. Depending on the imbalance of the hemostasis system and accumulated clinical/laboratory data, patients with liver diseases can be subdivided into three groups as exhibiting: 1. non-cholestatic liver damage; 2. cholestatic liver damage and 3. liver damage of vascular origin.The first part of the review discusses multiple alterations in the hemostasis system in patients with noncholestatic liver diseases, which are commonly accompanied by hypocoagulation.

Resistance of cherry varieties to spring return frozes in the conditions of Astrakhan region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Dronic A.A. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Damage Score ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Total Damage ◽  
Continental Climate ◽  
Unfavorable Weather

The article presents an assessment of the stability of introduced cherry varieties to spring return frosts in 2020 in the conditions of the sharply continental climate of the Astrakhan region. As a result of unfavorable weather conditions, the total damage score of all varieties was 2-5 points. Almost all the studied varieties showed an insufficient level of resistance to recurrent frosts.

Studies on Polyaniline: Polyethyleneterephthalate Films

2006 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Ahmed ◽  
Faiz Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Arrhenius Equation ◽  
Great Increase ◽  
Thermooxidative Stability ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Dc Electrical Conductivity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Conductivity Retention

The films of polyaniline:polyethyleneterephthalate films were prepared by polymerizing aniline soaked in polyethyleneterephthalate films of different thicknesses. The films were characterized by FTIR as well as for their electrical properties. The electrical properties of the films were observed to be of good quality as almost all the films showed a great increase in their electrical conductivity from insulator to semiconductor region after doping with hydrochloric acid. All the films in their doped state follow the Arrhenius equation for the temperature dependence of electrical conductivity from 35 to 115oC. The thermooxidative stability was studied by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. The stability in terms of dc electrical conductivity retention was also studied under ambient conditions by two slightly different techniques viz. isothermal and cyclic techniques. The dc electrical conductivity of the films was found to be stable below 90oC for all the films under ambient conditions.

Knowlege of laboratory diagnostics among nurses – initial report

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Anna Wojnar ◽  
Krystyna Sztefko
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Diagnostic Management ◽  
Educational Degree

The purpose of the study was to verify the knowledge of nurses as related to nursing procedures and laboratory diagnostics. Their knowledge was assessed based on the results of a test consisting of nursing and laboratory diagnostics-associated questions. The percentage of the correct answers to questions addressing laboratory diagnostic management was significantly lower as compared to the percentage of the correct answers to nursing-addressing questions (p<0.001). The observed differences were independent of the educational degree and specialization. In case of all the nursing-related questions, the comparable mean values were obtained, irrespectively of the ward where the nurses were employed. The highest mean values of the correct answers were obtained in case of questions addressing authorizations and responsibilities of the nurse in preparing the patient to clinical examinations. The highest mean values of the correct answers addressing laboratory diagnostic management were obtained in case of questions concerning the effect of a pre-analytic error on the results of laboratory determinations, as well as the methods of laboratory tests performed at the bedside. Conclusion: The knowledge of nurses in the field of nursing issues is good, but their knowledge of laboratory diagnostics and POCT determinations should be extended.

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