Desloratadine and levocetirizine – the importance in allergic diseases treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-342
Author(s):  
Rafał Pawliczak
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
H1 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Allergic Disorders

H1-receptor blockers (including levocetirizine and desloratadine) are employed in treatment of multiple allergic diseases. In this review we deliver data regarding efficacy and safety these two drugs. Moreover, we are comparing their properties. The individualization therapy is a mainstay in allergic disorders treatment.

scholarly journals The efficacy and safety of antihistamine therapy in school-age children

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
O I Sidorovich
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Receptor Blocker ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
H1 Receptor ◽  
Drug Of Choice

Every year the prevalence of allergic diseases is steadily increasing. Histamine is the main mediator of allergic inflammation. Cetirizine is an effective, selective H1-receptor blocker, and drug of choice in complex treatment of various allergies among adults as well as children.

Developing a High-performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Determination of Loratadine and its Metabolite Desloratadine in Human Plasma

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 1053-1059
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Sebaiy ◽  
Noha I. Ziedan
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
H1 Receptor ◽  
Chromatography Method

Background: Allergic diseases are considered as the major burden on public health with increased prevalence globally. Histamine H1-receptor antagonists are the foremost commonly used drugs in the treatment of allergic disorders. The target drug in this study, loratadine, belongs to this class of drugs and its biometabolite desloratadine which is also a non-sedating H1 receptor antagonist with anti-histaminic activity being 2.5 to 4 times greater than loratadine. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel isocratic Reversed-phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for rapid and simultaneous separation and determination of loratadine and its metabolite, desloratadine in human plasma. Methods: The drug extraction method from plasma was based on protein precipitation technique. The separation was carried out on a Thermo Scientific BDS Hypersil C18 column (5μm, 250 x 4.60 mm) in a mobile phase of MeOH: 0.025M KH2PO4 adjusted to pH 3.50 using orthophosphoric acid (85: 15, v/v) at an ambient temperature. The flow rate was maintained at 1 mL/min and maximum absorption was measured using the PDA detector at 248 nm. Results: The retention times of loratadine and desloratadine in plasma samples were recorded to be 4.10 and 5.08 minutes, respectively, indicating a short analysis time. Limits of detection were found to be 1.80 and 1.97 ng/mL for loratadine and desloratadine, respectively, showing a high degree of sensitivity of the method. The method was then validated according to FDA guidelines for the determination of the two analytes in human plasma. Conclusion: The results obtained indicate that the proposed method is rapid, sensitive in the nanogram range, accurate, selective, robust and reproducible compared to other reported methods.

scholarly journals Contribution of Regulatory T Cell Methylation Modifications to the Pathogenesis of Allergic Airway Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jiani Li ◽  
Jichao Sha ◽  
Liwei Sun ◽  
Dongdong Zhu ◽  
Cuida Meng
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Region ◽  
Cytosine Methylation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Forkhead Box P3 ◽  
Airway Diseases ◽  
Forkhead Box ◽  
Allergic Disorders

Regulatory T (Treg) cells are a subtype of CD4+ T cells that play a significant role in the protection from autoimmunity and the maintenance of immune tolerance via immune regulation. Epigenetic modifications of Treg cells (i.e., cytosine methylation at the promoter region of the transcription factor, Forkhead Box P3) have been found to be closely associated with allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, and food allergies. In this study, we highlighted the recent evidence on the contribution of epigenetic modifications in Treg cells to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Moreover, we also discussed directions for future clinical treatment approaches, with a particular emphasis on Treg cell-targeted therapies for allergic disorders.

scholarly journals A prospective study of efficacy and safety of olopatadine versus azelastine in allergic conjunctivitis at a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanthi C. R. ◽  
Nanthini R. ◽  
. Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
H1 Receptor ◽  
Olopatadine Hydrochloride

Background: Allergic conjunctivitis, an ocular surface inflammatory disease with significant social and economic impact affects approximately 25% of the general population. H1 receptor blockers, mast cell stabilizers and drugs that block cytokine and prostaglandin formation form the treatment armamentarium. Olopatadine hydrochloride and Azelastine hydrochloride are dual-acting selective H1 receptor antagonist with mast-cell stabilizing property. This study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and safety of olopatadine hydrochloride 0.1% and Azelastine hydrochloride 0.05% in allergic conjunctivitis amongst Indians.Methods: After obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee approval and written informed consent, 120 patients diagnosed with allergic conjunctivitis fulfilling the inclusion/exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Study was done from April 2014 to June 2015 at Minto eye hospital. Study subjects were treated with olopatadine hydrochloride 0.1% and Azelastine hydrochloride 0.05% eye drops BD for 15 days. Ocular symptoms, instead of and signs and adverse events, if any were recorded on the day 8 and day 15 follow up visits.Results: At the end of the study period, the reduction in the ocular itching score from baseline was higher in the olopatadine group compared to the azelastine group (p<0.002). Similarly, the scores of ocular congestion (p<0.008), foreign body sensation (p<0.009), tearing (p<0.001), erythema (p<0.002) and chemosis (p<0.015) also showed larger reduction in the olopatadine treated patients. The common adverse events encountered in both the groups were stinging after instillation, burning, bitter taste and headache.Conclusions: In allergic conjunctivitis, both olopatadine and azelastine were found to be effective in relieving ocular signs and symptoms, but olopatadine was found to be superior in terms of efficacy, safety and tolerability with minimal side effects.

scholarly journals Nanoparticulate Adjuvants and Delivery Systems for Allergen Immunotherapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana De Souza Rebouças ◽  
Irene Esparza ◽  
Marta Ferrer ◽  
María Luisa Sanz ◽  
Juan Manuel Irache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergen Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Reduced Dose ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Polymeric Carriers ◽  
Local Side

In the last decades, significant progress in research and clinics has been made to offer possible innovative therapeutics for the management of allergic diseases. However, current allergen immunotherapy shows limitations concerning the long-term efficacy and safety due to local side effects and risk of anaphylaxis. Thus, effective and safe vaccines with reduced dose of allergen have been developed using adjuvants. Nevertheless, the use of adjuvants still has several disadvantages, which limits its use in human vaccines. In this context, several novel adjuvants for allergen immunotherapy are currently being investigated and developed. Currently, nanoparticles-based allergen-delivery systems have received much interest as potential adjuvants for allergen immunotherapy. It has been demonstrated that the incorporation of allergens into a delivery system plays an important role in the efficacy of allergy vaccines. Several nanoparticles-based delivery systems have been described, including biodegradable and nondegradable polymeric carriers. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of the current adjuvants used for allergen immunotherapy. Furthermore, nanoparticles-based allergen-delivery systems are focused as a novel and promising strategy for allergy vaccines.

Immunology and allergy

2018 ◽  
pp. 333-380
Author(s):  
Drew Provan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Immunochemical Analysis ◽  
And Function ◽  
Allergic Disorders ◽  
Critical Results ◽  
Abnormal Results

This chapter covers the role of the immunology laboratory in the diagnosis of immunological and allergic disorders, including testing for autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases, lymphocyte and neutrophil phenotype and function, and immunochemical analysis of serum proteins for the diagnosis of immune deficiency and myeloma. Information is provided on the tests, with ranges and explanation of the interpretation of abnormal results. Critical results requiring immediate action are highlighted.

scholarly journals Role of innate lymphoid cells in allergic diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Asghar Pasha ◽  
Gargi Patel ◽  
Russell Hopp ◽  
Qi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Allergic Disorders

Background: Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest and research into understanding the type 2 immune responses by the epithelium-derived cytokines interleukin (IL) 33, IL-25, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a unique family of effector immune cells that functionally resemble T cells but lack clonal distributed antigen receptors. Group 2 ILCs, ILC2s, are known for their capability to secrete proallergic cytokines, including IL-5 and IL-13. ILC2s are enriched at mucosal barriers in lung, gut, and skin, and their activation has been associated with a variety of allergic disorders. Objective: To study the role of ILC2 in different allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Methods: A MEDLINE search was performed for articles that reported on ILC2 in allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Results: A review of the literature revealed an important role of ILC2 in various allergic disorders. Conclusion: Identification of ILC2s in patients with allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis indicates that these cells may represent a new therapeutic target. In this review, we discussed the current understanding of ILC2 biology and its function and regulation in various allergic diseases.

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