scholarly journals ATTENUATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SEDIMENTS OF THE BONNY ESTUARY, NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF OXYGEN

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1810-1821
Author(s):  
Dr. Dike Henry Ogbuagu ◽  
Dagogo Eras Dinney
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Student’S T Test ◽  
Analyze Data

Sediments of the Bonny Estuary, which is repository to pollutants from various industrial and shipment activities in its catchment was investigated for rate of natural attenuation of toxic metals (Cd, Mn, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, Fe) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Samples were collected with pre-grab sampler from seabed, sieved in the laboratory and monitored under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. After incubation at 18°C, harvests were made on days 1, 14, 28 and 42 and levels of the metals determined spectrophotometrically. Variation plots, ANOVA, Means plots, Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation (r) were used to analyze data. Concentration reductions were higher in aerobic condition in the order Cu(15.5%)> Cd(11.4%)> Fe(8.0%)>Mn(5.7%)> Cr(4.4%)> Ni(4.2%)>Pb(3.9%) than in anaerobic condition which was in the order Cu(7.5%)> Cd(7.4%)>Pb(2.4%)>Mn/Cr(1.8% each)> Fe(0.9%)> Ni(0.5%). There was significant heterogeneity in metals reductions (Sig. F=0.000) on all the harvest days, especially of Cu, Pb and Fe at P<0.05. Attenuation of Mn also differed markedly between the aerobic and anaerobic conditions (Sig. t=0.005) at the 95% confidence interval. pH influenced the attenuation of Ni (r=0.766) and Fe (r=0.795) (P<0.05) as well as Cd (r=0.968), Cr (r=0.861), Pb (r=0.989) and Cu (r=0.950) (P<0.01). Results indicate that rate of attenuation was slow and slightly enhanced by oxygenation.

Oxygen concentration affects frequency and range of transconjugants for the incompatibility (Inc) P-1 and P-7 plasmids pBP136 and pCAR1

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1015
Author(s):  
Kentaro Ochi ◽  
Maho Tokuda ◽  
Kosuke Yanagiya ◽  
Chiho Suzuki-Minakuchi ◽  
Hideaki Nojiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Anaerobic Condition ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Recipient Strain ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Filter Mating ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

ABSTRACT The frequency of transconjugants were compared for the incompatibility (Inc) P-1 and P-7 plasmids pBP136 and pCAR1 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Filter mating assays were performed with one donor strain and one recipient strain using different donors of Pseudomonas and recipient strains, including Pseudomonas, Pantoea, and Buttiauxella. Under anaerobic condition, frequencies of transconjugants for both plasmids were 101-103-fold lower than those under aerobic condition regardless of whether aerobically or anaerobically grown donors and recipients were used. To compare the transconjugant ranges under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, conjugation was performed between the donor of pBP136 and recipient bacteria extracted from environmental samples. Several transconjugants were uniquely obtained from each aerobic or anaerobic condition. Our findings indicate that a plasmid can differently spread among bacteria depending on the oxygen concentrations of the environment.

scholarly journals Incubation Studies on Exchangable Zn for Varying Levels of added Zn Under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions in Grey Terrace Soils, Non Calcarious Floodplain Soils and Calcarious Floodplain Soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
KH Talukder ◽  
IU Ahmed ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
M Asaduzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Condition ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Floodplain Soil ◽  
Zinc Fractions ◽  
Floodplain Soils ◽  
Soil Zn ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

Fractions studies were done to know how the zinc applied to different soils was distributed in to various fractions when the soils incubated under aerobic and anaerobic condition. The added zinc provided significant increase in exchangeable Zn both under aerobic and anaerobic conditions although anaerobic condition gave lower results than aerobic condition. The higher results were obtained at early stage of incubation and it gradually reduced as the incubation period proceeded to 90 days. These results showed all most similar trends for all the soils under study. In general, added zinc showed significantly higher results to the different fractions of soil Zn both under anaerobic and aerobic incubation with very few exceptions. The highest amount of added Zn (12 kg/ha) always produced greater results than the lower doses. Only exchangeable Zn was found higher in the 1st measurement at 15 DAI then gradually decreased but in other cases, gradual increase in zinc fractions was seen as the incubation study proceed to longer duration provided with very few exceptions. In many cases, the exchangeable-Zn found higher only at 15 DAI but sharply reduced at 30 DAI. In general, the Gray Terrace Soil produced the highest results followed by Non Calcareous Gray Floodplain and the lowest results were observed in Dark Grey Floodplain & Brown Floodplain Soil. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v9i1-2.14643 J. Sci. Foundation, 9(1&2): 9-15, June-December 2011

Exploring the effect of hydroxylic and non-hydroxylic solvents on the reaction of [VIVO(β-diketonate)2] with 2-aminobenzoylhydrazide in aerobic and anaerobic conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (33) ◽  
pp. 10963-10985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmalendu Biswas ◽  
Debashis Patra ◽  
Bipul Mondal ◽  
Sachinath Bera ◽  
Swarnali Acharyya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

The role of hydroxylic/non-hydroxylic solvents in the reaction of [VIVO(β-diketonate)2] with 2-aminobenzoylhydrazide in the presence/absence of air was explored.

Role of ergothioneine on S-nitrosoglutathione catabolism

2001 ◽  
Vol 356 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco MISITI ◽  
Massimo CASTAGNOLA ◽  
Cecilia ZUPPI ◽  
Bruno GIARDINA ◽  
Irene MESSANA
Keyword(s):  
Biological Function ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Molecular Event ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
End Products ◽  
Induced Decomposition ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

Ergothioneine (ESH) is a low-molecular-mass thiol present in millimolar concentrations in a limited number of tissues, including erythrocytes, kidney, seminal fluid and liver; however, its biological function is still unclear. In the present study we investigated the role of ESH in the catabolism of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). The results show that: (1) GSNO decomposition is strongly influenced by ESH (k′′ = 0.178±0.032M−1·s−1); (2) ammonia is the main nitrogen-containing compound generated by the reaction; and (3) nitrite is practically absent under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. These findings are markedly different from those reported for the GSH-induced decomposition of GSNO, in which the nitrogen-containing end products are nitrite, ammonia and nitrous oxide (N2O) under aerobic conditions but nitrite, ammonia, nitric oxide (NO) and small quantities of hydroxylamine under anaerobic conditions. Considering the high concentration of ESH in specific cells, the reaction with GSNO should be considered as an important molecular event occurring in the cell.

Elucidating the role of methyl viologen as a scavenger of photoactivated electrons from photosystem I under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 8512-8521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Bennett ◽  
Hanieh Niroomand ◽  
Ravi Pamu ◽  
Ilia Ivanov ◽  
Dibyendu Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem I ◽  
Methyl Viologen ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Redox Mediator ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Ps I ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

We present electrochemical investigations into the role of dissolved O2 in electrolyte solutions in scavenging photoactivated electrons from photosystem I (PS I) while using methyl viologen (MV2+) as the redox mediator.

scholarly journals Effect of Addition of Tryptophan on Aggregation of Apo-α-Lactalbumin Induced by UV-Light

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1577
Author(s):  
Zichen Zhao ◽  
Renjie Li ◽  
Mahesha M. Poojary ◽  
Søren B. Nielsen ◽  
Marianne N. Lund
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

UV-B illumination facilitates aggregation of alpha-lactalbumin (α-LA) by intramolecular disulfide bond cleavage followed by intermolecular thiol-disulfide exchange reactions. However, long term exposure to UV-B illumination may induce undesired oxidative modifications of amino acid residues in the protein. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of UV-induced aggregation of apo-α-LA (a calcium-depleted form of α-LA) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and by addition of tryptophan (Trp) as a photosensitizer. The addition of Trp to apo-α-LA illuminated under anaerobic conditions facilitated the highest level of free thiol release and disulfide-mediated aggregation as compared to without addition of Trp under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Addition of Trp under aerobic condition resulted in the lowest level of free thiols and disulfide-mediated aggregation and the aerobic conditions caused oxidation of the free Trp with formation of kynurenine and 5-hydroxy-Trp. Minor levels of the Trp oxidation product, 3-hydroxy-kynurenine (2% converted from Trp), was formed in apo-α-LA with added Trp under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions after UV-B treatment.

scholarly journals Anaerobic osteomyelitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-500
Author(s):  
H. A. Mousa ◽  
S. S. Bakr ◽  
Thamer A. Haman
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bone Infection ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Pyogenic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Better Than

The prevalence and role of anaerobic bacteria in bone infection were investigated in this prospective study on 134 cases with pyogenic osteomyelitis. Specimens were inoculated immediately in the operating theatre or in the ward and incubated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions without using transport media. Anaerobic organisms were isolated from 39 of the 134 cases [29%] of all types of pyogenic osteomyelitis. The total number of aerobic and anaerobic isolates was 224, of which 50 were anaerobes [22%]. Syringe-aspirated specimens were better than swab specimens for the isolation of anaerobes. Anaerobes were mostly isolated from osteomyelitis cases of long duration

scholarly journals Microbial Degradation of Hydrocarbons—Basic Principles for Bioremediation: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Ławniczak ◽  
Marta Woźniak-Karczewska ◽  
Andreas P. Loibner ◽  
Hermann J. Heipieper ◽  
Łukasz Chrzanowski
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Designed Experiment ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

Crude oil-derived hydrocarbons constitute the largest group of environmental pollutants worldwide. The number of reports concerning their toxicity and emphasizing the ultimate need to remove them from marine and soil environments confirms the unceasing interest of scientists in this field. Among the various techniques used for clean-up actions, bioremediation seems to be the most acceptable and economically justified. Analysis of recent reports regarding unsuccessful bioremediation attempts indicates that there is a need to highlight the fundamental aspects of hydrocarbon microbiology in a clear and concise manner. Therefore, in this review, we would like to elucidate some crucial, but often overlooked, factors. First, the formation of crude oil and abundance of naturally occurring hydrocarbons is presented and compared with bacterial ability to not only survive but also to utilize such compounds as an attractive energy source. Then, the significance of nutrient limitation on biomass growth is underlined on the example of a specially designed experiment and discussed in context of bioremediation efficiency. Next, the formation of aerobic and anaerobic conditions, as well as the role of surfactants for maintaining appropriate C:N:P ratio during initial stages of biodegradation is explained. Finally, a summary of recent scientific reports focused on the removal of hydrocarbon contaminants using bioaugmentation, biostimulation and introduction of surfactants, as well as biosurfactants, is presented. This review was designed to be a comprehensive source of knowledge regarding the unique aspects of hydrocarbon microbiology that may be useful for planning future biodegradation experiments. In addition, it is a starting point for wider debate regarding the limitations and possible improvements of currently employed bioremediation strategies.

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