scholarly journals A Corpus-based Contrastive Study on English and Chinese Semantic Prime happen and fasheng in Natural Semantic Metalanguage

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 27-51
Author(s):  
Yajun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Computer Software ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chinese Counterpart ◽  
Semantic Prosody

This paper reports a corpus-based study on English and Chinese semantic prime happen and fasheng in Natural Semantic Metalanguage. With the aids of computer software Wordsmith 5.0 and SPSS19.0, we conducted a contrastive study on happen and fasheng based on a small English and Chinese comparable corpus constructed by ourselves. By extracting evidence from the corpus, the distribution of happen and fasheng, their syntactic patterns, their colligation types as well as their semantic prosody are identified and analyzed. We found that there is no significant difference between English semantic prime happen and its Chinese counterpart fasheng with respect to their distribution, their syntactic patterns, their colligations, and their semantic prosody. The results reveal that semantic prime happen is identical with its Chinese counterpart fasheng. Thus it provides an evidence to justify the premise of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage Theory.

scholarly journals A Corpus-Based Study of Semantic Collocations of the Verb “Feel” in English Public Speaking Setting: Chinese EFL V.S Native Speakers

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Huijuan Wang ◽  
Yufeng Zou
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Semantic Prosody

As great importance has been given to English in China, English public speaking is becoming an important part in students’ English learning. Meanwhile, many forms of English speaking contests have been flourishing in China over two decades. However, analysis of semantic prosodies in public speaking setting is relatively complex and subjective due to the difficulties in describing the evaluative meanings and the attitudes as intended by the speaker. This paper is a contrastive study of semantic prosody of the word feel which was concordanced from two sub corpora (CES_S and CES_C) from a self-built corpus (Corpus of English Speeches(CES)), aiming to explicitly reveal how EFL learners are different from native speaker when using a word with specific semantic prosody in English public speaking setting. The results show that there is no significant difference between Chinese students (EFL learners) and U.S and UK celebrities (Native English speakers) when they use the word feel with positive semantic preference in the context of delivering a speech, but EFL learners tend to express more positive emotions towards their counterparts than they do to themselves. In addition, the EFL learners have higher frequencies in using the word feel with the negative environment than the native English speaker do. This paper thus offers additional information on choosing the right semantic collocation and provide instructional guidance for English public speaking teaching and learning in China.

scholarly journals Measuring Differential Volume Using the Subtraction Tool for Three-Dimensional Breast Volumetry: A Proof of Concept Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 155335062094556
Author(s):  
Faith Hyun Kyung Jeon ◽  
Michelle Griffin ◽  
Aurora Almadori ◽  
Jajini Varghese ◽  
Stephanie Bogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Patient Positioning ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Volumetric Assessment ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Actual Volume ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Subject

Background. Three-dimensional (3D) photography provides a promising means of breast volumetry. Sources of error using a single-captured surface to calculate breast volume include inaccurate designation of breast boundaries and prediction of the invisible chest wall generated by computer software. An alternative approach is to measure differential volume using subtraction of 2 captured surfaces. Objectives. To explore 3D breast volumetry using the subtraction of superimposed images to calculate differential volume. To assess optimal patient positioning for accurate volumetric assessment. Methods. Known volumes of breast enhancers simulated volumetric changes to the breast (n = 12). 3D photographs were taken (3dMDtorso) with the subject positioned upright at 90° and posteriorly inclined at 30°. Patient position, breathing, distance and camera calibration were standardised. Volumetric analysis was performed using 3dMDvultus software. Results. A statistically significant difference was found between actual volume and measured volumes with subjects positioned at 90° ( P < .05). No statistical difference was found at 30° ( P = .078), but subsequent Bland–Altman analysis showed evidence of proportional bias ( P < .05). There was good correlation between measured and actual volumes in both positions (r = .77 and r = .85, respectively). Univariate analyses showed breast enhancer volumes of 195 mL and 295 mL to incur bias. The coefficient of variation was 5.76% for single observer analysis. Conclusion. Positioning the subject at a 30° posterior incline provides more accurate results from better exposure of the inferior breast. The subtraction tool is a novel method of measuring differential volume. Future studies should explore methodology for application into the clinical setting.

Increasing Emergency Medicine Residents’ Confidence in Disaster Management: Use of an Emergency Department Simulator and an Expedited Curriculum

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Michael Franc ◽  
Darren Nichols ◽  
Sandy L. Dong
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Faculty Evaluation ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Disaster Plan ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Post Test

AbstractIntroduction: Disaster Medicine is an increasingly important part of medicine. Emergency Medicine residency programs have very high curriculum commitments, and adding Disaster Medicine training to this busy schedule can be difficult. Development of a short Disaster Medicine curriculum that is effective and enjoyable for the participants may be a valuable addition to Emergency Medicine residency training.Methods: A simulation-based curriculum was developed. The curriculum included four group exercises in which the participants developed a disaster plan for a simulated hospital. This was followed by a disaster simulation using the Disastermed.Ca Emergency Disaster Simulator computer software Version 3.5.2 (Disastermed.Ca, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) and the disaster plan developed by the participants. Progress was assessed by a pre- and post-test, resident evaluations, faculty evaluation of Command and Control, and markers obtained from the Disastermed.Ca software.Results: Twenty-five residents agreed to partake in the training curriculum. Seventeen completed the simulation. There was no statistically significant difference in pre- and post-test scores. Residents indicated that they felt the curriculum had been useful, and judged it to be preferable to a didactic curriculum. In addition, the residents’ confidence in their ability to manage a disaster increased on both a personal and and a departmental level.Conclusions: A simulation-based model of Disaster Medicine training, requiring approximately eight hours of classroom time, was judged by Emergency Medicine residents to be a valuable component of their medical training, and increased their confidence in personal and departmental disaster management capabilities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Closure versus Non-closure of Vaginal Vault after Non-descent Vaginal Hysterectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Mousumi Saha ◽  
Ratu Rumana Binte Rahman ◽  
Gulshan Ara ◽  
Florida Rahman ◽  
Raunak Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Vaginal Hysterectomy ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Pelvic Abscess ◽  
Vaginal Vault ◽  
Gynecological Disorders ◽  
Abdominal Approach ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Introduction: Non-descent vaginal hysterectomy has been considered a valid alternative to the abdominal approach and is also preferred for benign uterine diseases without descent of uterus because it is associated with fewer complications. Vaginal vault is the enlargement of the internal end of the vagina which is usually closed during vaginal hysterectomy. This study was done to see the outcome of vault closure versus non-closure in non-descent vaginal hysterectomy in non-prolapsed uterus. Methods: This prospective study was done in Obstetrics and Gynae Department, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital during the period of July 2011 to December 2011. A total number of 50 patients with benign gynecological disorders without descent of uterus who admitted for hysterectomy were enrolled in this study. Among them, 25 patients had the vault close (group I) whereas 25 patients had an open vault(group11). Indication for hysterectomy, complications, blood transfusion, hospital stay (day) and histopathological findings were assessed for both groups. Statistical analyses of the results were obtained by using window based computer software devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-20). Results: Majority of the patients was found in the age group of 41-45 years in both groups, which was 12(48.0%) in Group I and 18(72.0%) patients in Group II. Blood transfusion was needed in 5(20.0%) and in 6(24.0%) in Group I and Group II respectively. Post operative complications after 15 days of follow-up, pelvic abscess was found 4.0% in Group I & not found in Group II. UTI was not found in Group I but 4.0% found in Group II. Conclusion: Outcomes were almost similar in both procedure. Ultimately the study did not show any significant difference between either group. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2020, Vol.12(1); 45-49

scholarly journals A Contrastive Study of Grammar Translation Method and Communicative Approach in Teaching English Grammar

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Chuan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Translation Method ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Grammar Teaching ◽  
Grammatical Competence ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Grammar Translation Method ◽  
Communicative Approach

The Grammar Translation Method and the Communicative Approach have both played important roles in grammar teaching. Which is better, the Grammar Translation Method or the Communicative Approach? This paper aims to compare the controllability and feasibility of these two approaches and find out which one is more suitable for grammar teaching in Taiwan. Two classes were selected and taught by the Grammar Translation Method and the Communicative Approach respectively. The college admission test showed that they share a similar level of the overall English proficiency before the intervention. The pre-test demonstrated that there wasn’t any distinction between the two classes in their grammatical competence. The post-test embodied that there was significant difference in their grammatical competence between the two classes. The scores of the students in the Experimental Class were higher than that in the Control Class. The result showed that grammar teaching in the framework of the Grammar Translation Method is better than the Communicative Approach. Nevertheless, the Communicative Approach emphasizes fluency and the Grammar Translation Method is concerned with accuracy. Fluency and accuracy are the target for English learning. So the best way to improve the situation is to combine both methods in teaching English Grammar.

scholarly journals Influence of Refractive Condition on Retinal Vasculature Complexity in Younger Subjects

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin ◽  
Norsyazwani Mohamad Daud ◽  
Fadilah Ab Hamid ◽  
Ilyanoon Zahari ◽  
Abdul Halim Sapuan
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Retinal Vasculature ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spherical Equivalent Refraction ◽  
Retinal Vessel Density

Objective. The aim of this study was to compare the retinal vasculature complexity between emmetropia, and myopia in younger subjects.Methods. A total of 82 patients (24.12±1. 25years) with two types of refractive conditions, myopia and emmetropia were enrolled in this study. Refraction data were converted to spherical equivalent refraction. These retinal images (right eyes) were obtained from NAVIS Lite Image Filing System and the vasculature complexity was measured by fractal dimension (Df), quantified using a computer software following a standardized protocol.Results. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the value ofDfbetween emmetropic (1.5666 ± 0.0160) and myopic (1.5588 ± 0.0142) groups. A positive correlation (rho = 0.260,P < 0.05) between theDfand the spherical equivalent refraction was detected in this study. Using a linear model, it was estimated that 6.7% of the variation inDfcould be explained by spherical equivalent refraction.Conclusions. This study provides valuable findings about the effect of moderate to high myopia on the fractal dimension of the retinal vasculature network. These results show that myopic refraction in younger subjects was associated with a decrease inDf, suggesting a loss of retinal vessel density with moderate to high myopia.

scholarly journals Cross-linguistic semantic prosody: The case of ‘commit’, ‘signs of’ and ‘utterly’ and their Norwegian correspondences

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Signe Oksefjell Ebeling
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Communicative Function ◽  
Parallel Corpus ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
The Core ◽  
Linguistic Understanding ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Extended Unit ◽  
Semantic Prosody

This paper reports on a contrastive study of semantic prosody in English and Norwegian. Semantic prosody refers to the communicative function of extended units of meaning (Sinclair 1996, Stubbs 2013), i.e. «the semantic prosody of an item is the reason why it is chosen, over and above the semantic preferences that also characterise it» (Sinclair 1998: 20), where an item is equated with the sequence of words constituting an extended unit of meaning. The paper presents three case studies of English units with an established negative prosody containing the core items ‘commit’, ‘signs of’ and ‘utterly’. The Norwegian correspondences of these items are identified on the basis of a bidirectional corpus, viz. the English-Norwegian Parallel Corpus. These correspondences serve as the starting point for an investigation of cross-linguistic prosodies. It is shown that while units with ‘commit’ and ‘signs of’ have good Norwegian matches in terms of semantic prosody, units with ‘utterly’ are less stable across the two languages, underlining the importance of carrying out studies of this kind in order to improve the cross-linguistic understanding of extended units of meaning. This in turn has implications for how teachers, translators and lexicographers choose to present words in isolation or as part of larger, extended units.

Validation Study of Waray Text Readability Instrument

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Voltaire Q. Oyzon ◽  
Juven B. Corrales ◽  
Wilfredo M. Estardo, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Sentence Length ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Text Readability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reading Materials ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Given

In 2012 the Leyte Normal University developed a computer software—modelled after the Spache Readability Formula (1953) made for English—made to help rank texts that can is used by teachers or research groups on selecting appropriate reading materials to support the DepEd’s MTB-MLE program in Region VIII, in the Philippines. However, “several experiments have already established that existing readability measures in English cannot directly be used to compute readability of other languages.” To validate the Waray Text Readability Instrument (WTRI) formula, 15 stories were rated by 24 randomly selected teachers from two elementary schools in Tacloban City. The WTRI software uses two factors in determining readability, namely: (a) sentence length and (b) frequency of commonly occurring words. The teachers’ task is to read the given text and rate the grade level of each text by considering these three factors: (1) frequency of commonly used words; (2) sentence length; and, (3) total number of words. The data gathered was compared with the WTRI’s ratings of the same texts. Statistical testing was done to determine if there is a significant difference between the teachers’ rating of the texts and the WTRI’s ratings. As a result, there was no significant difference between the software’s grade level ratings and that of the teachers’. It implied that the WTRI’s calculation is valid.

scholarly journals Studying the Optical 3D Accuracy of Intraoral Scans: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pokpong Amornvit ◽  
Sasiwimol Sanohkan ◽  
Chaimongkon Peampring
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Scanning Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Digital Caliper

There are various scanners available in dental practice with various accuracies. The aim of this study was to compare the 3D capturing accuracy of scans obtained from Trios 3 and Dental Wings scanner. A reference mandibular model was printed from FormLab with reference points in three axes (X, Y, and XY and Z). The printed model was scanned 5 times with 3 scans: normal scan by Trios 3 (Trios 3A), high-resolution scan by Trios 3 (Trios 3B), and normal scan by Dental Wings. After scan, the stereolithography (stl) files were generated. Then, the measurements were made from the computer software using Rhinoceros 3D (Rhino, Robert McNeel & Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). The measurements made with digital caliper were taken as control. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA with post hoc using Sheffe (P<0.01). Trios 3 presented higher accuracy than Dental Wings and high resolution showed better results. The Dental Wings showed less accuracy at the measurements >50 mm of length and >30 mm in width. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) of control with the Trios 3A and Trios 3B. Similarly, for the measurements in Z-axis, there was no significant difference of control with each scan (Trios 3A, Trios 3B, and Dental Wings). Accuracy of the scan is affected by the length of the scanning area and scanning pattern. It is less recommended to Dental Wings scan >3-unit prosthesis and that crosses the midline.

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