scholarly journals Análisis polinico de mieles en la región del Pre-Rif Central (noroeste de Marruecos).

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anass Terrab ◽  
Benito Valdés ◽  
María Josefa Díez
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
High Pollen ◽  
Pollen Types

RESUMEN. Análisis polinico de mieles en la región del Pre-Rif Central (noroeste de Marruecos). Se ha realizado el análisis microscópico de 13 muestras de miel de la región del Pre-Rif Central. Las muestras fueron proporcionadas directamente por los apicultores, todos aficionados. Los resultados reflejan que el néctar de las flores es la principal fuente de miel en el territorio y que cinco muestras presentan una riqueza media de polen, con 93.000-344.000 granos de polen y ocho son ricas o muy ricas, con 522.000-3.600.000 granos de polen. Se han identificado 51 tipos polínicos por el análisis microscópico, resultando una miel monofloral de Eryngium campestre y otra de Carlina sp.Palabras clave. Melitopalinología, Marruecos, Pre-Rif Central, monofloral, Eryngium campestre, Carlina.ABSTRACT. Pollen analysis of honeys from the Pre-Rif Central region (Northwestern Morocco). Thirteen honey samples from Pre-Rif Central region are analysed. The honeys were obtained directly from amateur beekeepers. Results show that nectar is the main source of honey in this territory, and that five samples have medium p011en gathering, with 93.000-344.000 pollen grains and eight have high pollen gathering, with 522.000-3.600.000 pollen grains. A total of 51 pollen types have been identified by microscopic analysis, and two of the honey samples are monofloral, one from Eryngium campestre and one from Carlina sp.Key words. Melissopalynology, Morocco, Central Pre-Rif, unifloral, Eryngium campestre, Carlina.

Palynological Studies in Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla F. Muell.) Communities: Pollen Analysis in Gilgai Soil Under the Primary Forest

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 355 ◽  
Author(s):  
WH Litchfield
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Eucalypt Forest ◽  
Biological Attack ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Successional Change ◽  
Pollen Preservation

A pollen analysis of acid clays under brigalow is presented. The pollen fluxes in a first pair of soil profiles throw light upon the natural history of one locality as regards both its modern vegetation and the physical stability of gilgai. Fluxes in the relative pollen preservation indicate intensity of biological attack on the exine. In a profile representative of the higher level, preservation is good enough, erosion or fill on a micro-scale so slight, and any vertical down-wash so slow as to show up residual flux variations from successional change. But under this natural canopy, even though there is only a very slow wash of litter and soil down to the bottom of the depression, a faster tempo of decay than any in the higher ground, and physical incorporation down deeper cracks, maintain a balance that prevents accumulation on an almost bare surface. This shows up in deeper penetration of pollen grains, in even the residual pollen types being severely eroded, and in irregular fluxes in which the successional trace is lost. Presumably, old Myrtaceae types have washed out of the soil above. The pollen fluxes indicate a natural replacement of eucalypt forest by brigalow some time before clearing. The expanding fluxes at the immediate surface are taxa from outside the forest, particularly the Chenopodiaceae, that would have become more abundant after clearing. Insight into soil stability comes from the marked contrast in the distribution and the preservation of the pollen grains across the microrelief. The higher level is physically more stable than the bottom of the adjacent depression. Depressions are surprisingly dry in natural forest, but these pollen fluxes suggest that they are occas- ionally the wettest microenvironment.

scholarly journals Análisis polinico de mieles de los Parques Naturales Los Alcornocales y Sierra de Grazalema.

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Anass Terrab ◽  
Cristina Andrés ◽  
María Josefa Díez
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class V ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Natural Parks ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Class 1

RESUMEN. Análisis polinico de mieles de los Parques Naturales Los Alcornocales y Sierra de Grazalema. Seha realizado el análisis microscópico de 7 muestras de miel de los Parques Naturales Los Alcornocales y Sierra de Grazalema. Las muestras fueron proporcionadas directamente por los apicultores. Los resultados reflejan que el nectar de las flores es la principal fuente de miel en el territorio y que una muestra pertenece a la Clase I de Maurizio, cinco a la Clase II y una a la Clase V, siendo el número de granos de polen en 10 gr. de miel entre 17.500 y 1.592.700. Se han identificado 41 tipos polínicos, perteneciendo a 17 familias botánicas, resultando dos mieles monoflorales: una de girasol y otra de eucalipto.Palabras clave. Girasol, Eucalipto, Melitopalinología, Parque Natural Los Alcornocales, Parque Natural Sierra de Grazalema.ABSTRACT. Pollen analysis of honeys from the Natural Parks Los Alcornocales and Grazalema Range. Seven honey samples from different localities of The Natural Parks Los Alcornocales and Grazalcma Range have been studied by light microscopy. The results show that the nectar from flowers is the main honey source in the region and that one sample belongs to the Maurizio Class 1, five to the Class II and one to the Class V, with 17.500-1.592.700 pollen grains per 10 honey gram. 41 pollen types were identified belonging to 17 families, and two honey samples are unifloral: one of sunflower and one of eucalyptus.Key words. Sunflower, Eucalyptus, Melissopalynology, Natural Park Los Alcornocales, Natural Park Grazalema Range.

Pollen Taphonomy in a Canyon Stream

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L. Fall
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soil ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Pollen Rain ◽  
Arid Steppe ◽  
Turbulent Water

AbstractSurface soil samples from the forested Chuska Mountains to the arid steppe of the Chinle Valley, Northeastern Arizona, show close correlation between modern pollen rain and vegetation. In contrast, modern alluvium is dominated by Pinus pollen throughout the canyon; it reflects neither the surrounding floodplain nor plateau vegetation. Pollen in surface soils is deposited by wind; pollen grains in alluvium are deposited by a stream as sedimentary particles. Clay-size particles correlate significantly with Pinus, Quercus, and Populus pollen. These pollen types settle, as clay does, in slack water. Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthus, Artemisia, other Tubuliflorae, and indeterminate pollen types correlate with sand-size particles, and are deposited by more turbulent water. Fluctuating pollen frequencies in alluvial deposits are related to sedimentology and do not reflect the local or regional vegetation where the sediments were deposited. Alluvial pollen is unreliable for reconstruction of paleoenvironments.

scholarly journals The history of settlement and agrarian land use in a boreal forest in Värmland, Sweden, new evidence from pollen analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrún Dögg Eddudóttir ◽  
Eva Svensson ◽  
Stefan Nilsson ◽  
Anneli Ekblom ◽  
Karl-Johan Lindholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractShielings are the historically known form of transhumance in Scandinavia, where livestock were moved from the farmstead to sites in the outlands for summer grazing. Pollen analysis has provided a valuable insight into the history of shielings. This paper presents a vegetation reconstruction and archaeological survey from the shieling Kårebolssätern in northern Värmland, western Sweden, a renovated shieling that is still operating today. The first evidence of human activities in the area near Kårebolssätern are Hordeum- and Cannabis-type pollen grains occurring from ca. 100 bc. Further signs of human impact are charcoal and sporadic occurrences of apophyte pollen from ca. ad 250 and pollen indicating opening of the canopy ca. ad 570, probably a result of modification of the forest for grazing. A decrease in land use is seen between ad 1000 and 1250, possibly in response to a shift in emphasis towards large scale commodity production in the outlands. Emphasis on bloomery iron production and pitfall hunting may have caused a shift from agrarian shieling activity. The clearest changes in the pollen assemblage indicating grazing and cultivation occur from the mid-thirteenth century, coinciding with wetter climate at the beginning of the Little Ice Age. The earliest occurrences of anthropochores in the record predate those of other shieling sites in Sweden. The pollen analysis reveals evidence of land use that predates the results of the archaeological survey. The study highlights how pollen analysis can reveal vegetation changes where early archaeological remains are obscure.

scholarly journals Airborne pollen observations using a multi-wavelength Raman polarization lidar in Finland: characterization of pure pollen types

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Shang ◽  
Elina Giannakaki ◽  
Stephanie Bohlmann ◽  
Maria Filioglou ◽  
Annika Saarto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Wavelength Dependence ◽  
Depolarization Ratio ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Pine Pollen ◽  
Significant Wavelength ◽  
532 Nm

Abstract. We present a novel algorithm for characterizing the optical properties of pure pollen particles, based on the depolarization values obtained in lidar measurements. The algorithm was first tested and validated through a simulator, and then applied to the lidar observations during a four-month pollen campaign from May to August 2016 at the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) station in Kuopio (62°44′ N, 27°33′ E), in Eastern Finland. Twenty types of pollen were observed and identified from concurrent measurements with Burkard sampler; Birch (Betula), pine (Pinus), spruce (Picea) and nettle (Urtica) pollen were most abundant, contributing more than 90 % of total pollen load, regarding number concentrations. Mean values of lidar-derived optical properties in the pollen layer were retrieved for four intense pollination periods (IPPs). Lidar ratios at both 355 and 532 nm ranged from 55 to 70 sr for all pollen types, without significant wavelength-dependence. Enhanced depolarization ratio was found when there were pollen grains in the atmosphere, and even higher depolarization ratio (with mean values of 25 % or 14 %) was observed with presence of the more non-spherical spruce or pine pollen. The depolarization ratio at 532 nm of pure pollen particles was assessed, resulting to 24 ± 3 % and 36 ± 5 % for birch and pine pollen, respectively. Pollen optical properties at 1064 nm and 355 nm were also estimated. The backscatter-related Ångström exponent between 532 and 1064 nm was assessed as ~ 0.8 (~ 0.5) for pure birch (pine) pollen, thus the longer wavelength would be better choice to trace pollen in the air. The pollen depolarization ratio at 355 nm of 17 % and 30 % were found for birch and pine pollen, respectively. The depolarization values show a wavelength dependence for pollen. This can be the key parameter for pollen detection and characterization.

A study on the pollen morphology of the genus Combretum Loefl. and its taxonomic significance

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-142
Author(s):  
Gamal E. B. E.B. El Ghazali
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar View ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Classification ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Palynological Study

Pollen grains of 92 species (from 99 collections) belonging to the genus Com-bretum (Combretaceae) were examined by Light Microscope (LM) and Scan-ning Electron Microscope (SEM). These species are representatives of vari-ous taxa outlined in the latest taxonomic revision of the genus. The genus belongs to a tropical or subtropical family, frequently encountered in various Quaternary deposits and acts as ecological indicator in various habitats. Pol-len grains of all members of the genus Combretum examined are hetero-colpate (with three simple apertures alternating with three composite ones) and exhibited wide range of inter-specific variation with respect to polar axes (P), Equatorial diameters (E), P/E ratios, shape classes, shape in polar view, costae pori, vestibula, protrusion of endoapertures and exine sculptur-ings. Species delimitation in these nine characters is tabulated. Four shape classes, eight exine sculpturings and seven pollen types were recognized. A key for identification to these pollen types is presented and the species in-cluded in each of these types are also outlined. Previous macro-morphological and molecular classification of the genus were discussed in the light of the present palynological study.

Sporoderm morphogenesis in Euphorbia obesa and Croton gratissimus

Bothalia ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 849-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Frean
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Structure Characteristic ◽  
Pollen Type ◽  
Electron Microscope Level ◽  
Pollen Characters ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Unisexual Flowers ◽  
Taxonomic Grouping

Pollen grains of the Euphorbiaceae show a number of pollen types which can be clearly distinguished. Generally different genera are characterized by a specific pollen type.  Euphorbia obesa Hook. f. and Croton gratissimus Burch, subsp.  subgratissimus (Prain) Burtt Davy, represent two genera within the Crotonoideae with different morphology, each type characteristic for the respective genus. Taxonomically, the genus Euphorbia with apetalous flowers consisting of a naked pistil surrounded by several staminate flowers within a cyathium, is considered more advanced than the genus  Croton. In  Croton the inflorescence is a raceme with unisexual flowers. The floral whorls of the male show numerous anthers and both calyx and a showy corolla are present. Both genera are insect pollinated. In both  Euphorbia obesa and  Croton gratissimus the pollen wall in section shows columellae, a structure characteristic of angiosperms. However the present ontogenetic studies show that the formation of the columellae differs entirely in the two pollen types. The final stratification of the wall as well as the morphology of the grains differ and evaluation of the exine structure indicates that phylogenetically Croton pollen shows more advanced characters than  Euphorbia — contradicting the floral phylogeny. This study conducted at light and electron microscope level compares the two pollen types morphologically and ontogenetically, concentrating mainly on the formation of the exine which is tectate-perforate in the prolate tricolpate grain of Euphorbia obesa and semi-tectate in the anaperturate, spheroidal grain of Croton gratissimus. The aim of the study was to evaluate the significance of pollen characters in taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships within the Euphorbiaceae. The differing pollen morphology which is related to the taxonomic grouping of tribes within the subfamily (Crotonoideae) emphasizes diversity, which may result from physiological adaptation. The study shows that the same functional end may well be achieved in different ways and this may be a factor underlying the diversity in the heterogeneous family Euphorbiaceae.

scholarly journals Precise Pollen Grain Detection in Bright Field Microscopy Using Deep Learning Techniques

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 3583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Gallardo-Caballero ◽  
Carlos J. García-Orellana ◽  
Antonio García-Manso ◽  
Horacio M. González-Velasco ◽  
Rafael Tormo-Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Pollen Counting ◽  
Estimation System ◽  
3D Information

The determination of daily concentrations of atmospheric pollen is important in the medical and biological fields. Obtaining pollen concentrations is a complex and time-consuming task for specialized personnel. The automatic location of pollen grains is a handicap due to the high complexity of the images to be processed, with polymorphic and clumped pollen grains, dust, or debris. The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility of implementing a reliable pollen grain detection system based on a convolutional neural network architecture, which will be used later as a critical part of an automated pollen concentration estimation system. We used a training set of 251 videos to train our system. As the videos record the process of focusing the samples, this system makes use of the 3D information presented by several focal planes. Besides, a separate set of 135 videos (containing 1234 pollen grains of 11 pollen types) was used to evaluate detection performance. The results are promising in detection (98.54% of recall and 99.75% of precision) and location accuracy (0.89 IoU as the average value). These results suggest that this technique can provide a reliable basis for the development of an automated pollen counting system.

scholarly journals Paleoenvironment interpretation of a 1760 years B.P. old sediment in a mangrove area of the Bay of Guanabara, using pollen analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ortrud M. Barth ◽  
Luiz E.U. São-Thiago ◽  
Marcia A. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Laguncularia Racemosa ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
Sandy Ground ◽  
Drilling Core ◽  
Actual Size ◽  
Avicennia Schaueriana

A sediment sample was obtained at 122 cm from the top of a drilling core in the Guapimirim mangrove, Bay of Guanabara, and analyzed using pollen analysis. This muddy core reached a sandy ground at 133 cm. 14C datation got the age of 1760 ± 50 years B.P. The most frequent pollen grains were mangrove species of Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa and Avicennia schaueriana. "Restinga" and tropical rain forest vegetation was recognized behind the mangrove. After the last sea transgression at 2500 years B.P., the water level lowered to its actual size, allowing the installation of this mangrove.

scholarly journals Pollen analysis in honey samples from the two main producing regions in the Brazilian northeast

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geni da S. Sodré ◽  
Luís C. Marchini ◽  
Carlos A.L. de Carvalho ◽  
Augusta C. de C.C. Moreti
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Pollen Type ◽  
Northeastern Region ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Abundant Supply ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

Knowledge about the botanical source of honey is very important for the beekeeper while it indicates adequate and abundant supply sources of nectar and pollen for the bees, thus contributing toward improved yield. The present study means to identify the pollen types occurring in 58 samples of honey produced in two states of the northeastern region of Brazil, Piauí (38 samples) and Ceará (20 samples), and to verify the potential of the honey plants during the months of February to August. The samples were obtained directly from beekeepers in each state and analyzed at the Apiculture Laboratory of the Entomology Section of Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", USP, Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The pollen analysis was performed using the acetolysis method. The samples were submitted to both a qualitative and a quantitative analysis. The dominant pollen in the State of Ceará is from Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia, M. verrucosa, Borreria verticillata, Serjania sp., and a Fabaceae pollen type, while in the State of Piauí it is from Piptadenia sp., M. caesalpiniaefolia, M. verrucosa, Croton urucurana and Tibouchina sp.

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