Traumatic exungulation in cattle: ten cases (1993–2018)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Katharine M. Simpson ◽  
Robert N. Streeter
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
The Third ◽  
Intended Function ◽  
Hind Limbs

Abstract OBJECTIVE To describe clinical findings, treatments, and outcomes for cattle with complete traumatic exungulation. ANIMALS 10 bovines. PROCEDURES Record databases of 2 teaching hospitals were searched to identify cattle treated for traumatic exungulation between January 1993 and December 2018. Information about signalment, clinical signs and findings, treatment, and outcome was extracted from the records or obtained by telephone communication with the owner. RESULTS Records for 5 bulls, 4 heifers, and 1 cow with a median age of 2 years (range, 1 day to 10 years) and weight of 379.1 kg (range, 30 to 909.1 kg) were reviewed. Duration of clinical signs ranged from ≤ 24 hours to 3.5 days. Five of 7 animals had a lameness score > 3/5. Complete exungulation occurred in 6 medial digits (3 hind limbs and 3 forelimbs) and 5 lateral digits (1 hind limb and 4 forelimbs); 1 calf had complete exungulation of both digits of a forelimb. Treatments included bandaging (n = 9), antimicrobials (9), anti-inflammatories (8), hoof block application to the adjacent digit (7), regional anesthesia (6), cast application (4), curettage of the third phalanx (3), regional antimicrobial perfusion (1), and local application of antimicrobial-impregnated beads (1). All 7 cattle with long-term (≥ 9 months) information available returned to their intended function; 6 had no residual lameness, and 3 required regular corrective trimming of the affected digit. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested the prognosis for long-term survival and return to intended function is fair to good for cattle with complete exungulation.

Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head in Dogs - Retrospective Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Borges Cardoso ◽  
Sheila Canevese Rahal ◽  
Maria Jaqueline Mamprim ◽  
Hugo Salvador Oliveira ◽  
Alessandra Melchert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Avascular Necrosis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Patient Consultation ◽  
The Moment

Background: The avascular necrosis of the femoral head is a development disease caused by ischemic necrosis, which is mainly observed in young dogs. The etiology of the disease remains controversial. The diagnosis requires imaging exams such as MRI and radiographs. Thus, the aim of the current study was to retrospectively assess a population of dogs with avascular necrosis of the femoral head in order to feature the disease, as well as to analyze the radiographic appearance of the lesion at the moment of patient consultation.Materials, Methods & Results: The signalment factors of dogs (breed, gender, age and body mass), the affected hind limb, the radiographic appearance of the lesion, the clinical signs at the moment of patient consultation, the time of occurrence and the type of treatment were evaluated. The disease was radiographically classified according to the previously described items. Forty-three cases of avascular necrosis of the femoral head were identified, 97.67% presented lameness and pain during palpation of the hip joint; and 54.34%, were 1 week to 4 months old. Females represented 58.13% of the sample, and 65.11% of them weighed from 2.6 to 4.9 kg. Based on the radiographic classification, 4.34% were Grade 1; 32.60%, Grade 2; 8.69%, Grade 3; 19.56%, Grade 4; and 34.78%, Grade 5. The femoral head and neck ostectomy was performed in 42 hind limbs (91.30%); 42.85% of the dogs reached total functional recovery and 26.19% required physiotherapy and rehabilitation.Discussion: The present sample was composed of 25 dogs, which were 6-to-11-month old at the moment of patient consultation, but 17 dogs were 12-to-36-month old at this time; only one dog was older than 36 months. It may be associated with the non-recognition of clinical signs by the owners, rather than with the late-onset form of the disease. With respect to the breed, pinscher, Yorkshire, poodle, Lhasa apso, pug were most frequently observed. However, 7 dogs were crossbreed. Such group differed from that of a review involving 188 cases encompassing West Highland white terrier, Cairn terrier and poodle as the most commonly affected breeds. No sex predilection was found in a study comprising 188 cases, but in another study comprising 14 dogs, female predilection was observed. Likewise, the females represented 58.13% of cases in the present study; and 41.86% of the participants were male. The mean body mass of the dogs in the current study was 4.33 kg, which matches the small breed dogs, which are most affected by the disease. Clinical signs of non-weightbearing lameness or an intermittent subtle lameness are common in the avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Lameness of the affected hind limb was observed in 69.76% of the cases in the present study, but 2.32% showed no lameness. Occasionally, the avascular necrosis of the femoral head is bilaterally found in 12% to 16.5% of the cases. Only 3 out of the 43 cases assessed in the present study were bilateral. Since the lesions were more frequent in Grades 2 and 5, there is less chance of success through the conservative treatment. Thus, the femoral head and neck ostectomy was the surgical procedure performed in 42 hind limbs. The procedure is used to provide pain relief and to reduce the signs of lameness. In conclusion, the population assessed in the present study was composed of small size dogs, mean body mass 4.33 kg, no sex predilection, mostly presenting unilateral lesions and higher Grade 2 and Grade 5 radiographic lesion frequency.Keywords: radiographic, joint, canine, hip.

The Clinical Relevance Of Mannose-Binding Lectin (MBL) In Long Term Survival Of Lung Transplant Recipients

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna M. Kwakkel-van Erp ◽  
Annelieke W. Paantjens ◽  
Diana A. van Kessel ◽  
Jules M.M. van den Bosch ◽  
Jan C. Grutters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Lung Transplant ◽  
Mannose Binding Lectin ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Mannose Binding ◽  
Lung Transplant Recipients ◽  
Binding Lectin

The longevity and efficacy of 1080 meat baits used for dingo control in central Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie E. Twigg ◽  
Steve R. Eldridge ◽  
Glenn P. Edwards ◽  
Bernie J. Shakeshaft ◽  
Nicki D. dePreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Bodies ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
The Third ◽  
Central Australia ◽  
Considerable Period ◽  
Artificial Water

In central Australia, most 1080 (sodium monofluoroacetate) meat baits placed on soil in predator-proof cages remained toxic to dingoes, foxes and feral cats for at least 8 months regardless of whether they were protected from rain or not. Thus, untaken baits will remain a potential hazard to non-target species, particularly farm dogs, for a considerable period. However, when dingo-control programs were monitored (n = 3 stations), approximately 85% of meat baits were taken within 4 days. Dingo-control programs were undertaken on three stations by placing 1080 meat baits near water points (bores) with known dingo activity. Baiting was effective on two stations but not on the third. Where successful, dingo numbers were reduced by 50–70%. The failure on the third station was not due to the lack of bait-take as approximately 80% of these baits were taken within 4 days; it was probably caused by the presence of ephemeral water-bodies that could not be baited. However, this technique was effective in removing those dingoes that utilised the artificial water points, and hence were likely to be interacting with cattle. Such an outcome has benefits to both conservation and the pastoral industry, as problem dogs are removed without placing the long-term survival of dingoes at risk.

Hydropulsion as Palliative, Long-Term, Last-Resort Treatment of Nasal Carcinoma in a Dog and a Cat

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Bienes ◽  
Elisabeth Robin ◽  
Kevin Le Boedec
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Relapse ◽  
Cuff Inflation ◽  
Endotracheal Tube Cuff ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Nasal Tumors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nasal Carcinoma

ABSTRACT An 8 yr old spayed female domestic shorthair and an 8 yr old neutered male Polish Lowland sheepdog were evaluated for a 3 wk history of sneezing and a 5 day history of left epistaxis, respectively. In both cases, computed tomography revealed a voluminous nasal mass, which was later histologically identified as carcinoma, without cribriform plate involvement. Nasal hydropulsion was performed in both animals in sternal recumbency under general anesthesia. A Poole suction tip was inserted into the orad esophageal opening and adequacy of the endotracheal tube cuff inflation was checked. Sterile saline was forcefully infused into the obstructed nasal cavity to dislodge the tumor. Both patients had temporary resolution of clinical signs. Nasal hydropulsion was repeated as a palliative last-resort treatment at each clinical relapse (four times in both animals over ≥1 yr), allowing long-term survival. Minor complications included a self-limiting retrobulbar and oropharyngeal swelling in the cat and self-limiting epistaxis in both animals. Although this technique is not intended to represent an equivalent alternative to radiation or surgical therapies, nasal hydropulsion may represent an appropriate palliative, last-resort treatment in case of obstructive nasal tumors in dogs and cats, when radiation therapy or surgery is not affordable, available, or desired.

scholarly journals Non-Coding RNAs and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Gastric Cancer: From EMT to Drug Resistance

Onco ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-157
Author(s):  
Bruno Takao Real Karia ◽  
Camila Albuquerque Pinto ◽  
Carolina Oliveira Gigek ◽  
Fernanda Wisnieski ◽  
Marilia Arruda Cardoso Smith
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers and the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The treatment of GC patients improved due to advancements in surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the long-term survival rate of patients with gastric cancer remains around 20%. Thus, development of novel therapeutic approaches is of great interest, in order to reduce the need for mutilating surgeries and morbid adjuvant therapies. For many years, it was believed that the RNA was a mere intermediate molecule in the genetic information flow. However, during the past decades, with the advent of new sequencing technologies, it was revealed that non-coding RNAs play important roles in many different biological processes. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been reported to regulate crucial events during neoplasic development, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. In this review, we will focus on microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs that have been implicated in gastric cancer tumorigenesis via modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which provided some biomarkers to prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy.

scholarly journals Feline and Canine Cutaneous Lymphocytosis: Reactive Process or Indolent Neoplastic Disease?

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Francesco Albanese ◽  
Francesca Abramo ◽  
Michele Marino ◽  
Maria Massaro ◽  
Laura Marconato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Overall Survival ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Dermal Infiltrate

Cutaneous lymphocytosis (CL) is an uncommon and controversial lymphoproliferative disorder described in dogs and cats. CL is generally characterized by a heterogeneous clinical presentation and histological features that may overlap with epitheliotropic lymphoma. Therefore, its neoplastic or reactive nature is still debated. Here, we describe clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and clonality features of a retrospective case series of 19 cats and 10 dogs with lesions histologically compatible with CL. In both species, alopecia, erythema, and scales were the most frequent clinical signs. Histologically, a dermal infiltrate of small to medium-sized lymphocytes, occasionally extending to the subcutis, was always identified. Conversely, when present, epitheliotropism was generally mild. In cats, the infiltrate was consistently CD3+; in dogs, a mixture of CD3+ and CD20+ lymphocytes was observed only in 4 cases. The infiltrate was polyclonal in all cats, while BCR and TCR clonal rearrangements were identified in dogs. Overall, cats had a long-term survival (median overall survival = 1080 days) regardless of the treatment received, while dogs showed a shorter and variable clinical course, with no evident associations with clinicopathological features. In conclusion, our results support a reactive nature of the disease in cats, associated with prolonged survival; despite a similar histological picture, canine CL is associated with a more heterogeneous lymphocytic infiltrate, clonality results, and response to treatment, implying a more challenging discrimination between CL and CEL in this species. A complete diagnostic workup and detailed follow-up information on a higher number of cases is warrant for dogs.

Family Firm Competitiveness and Organizational Ambidexterity

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-88
Author(s):  
Montserrat Boronat-Navarro ◽  
Alexandra García-Joerger
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Family Firm ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Organizational Ambidexterity ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
The Third ◽  
Knowledge Processes ◽  
New Knowledge

Long-term survival is one of the main goals of family business. Nevertheless, very few firms survive to the third generation. The concept of organizational ambidexterity could add insights into the explanation of family firm (FF) survival. In the literature, organizational ambidexterity is defined as the capability to explore new knowledge, processes, and opportunities while exploiting current ones to achieve a greater competitive advantage and ensure the survival of the firm. The aim of this chapter is to review the literature that analyzes relationships between FF specificities and organizational ambidexterity to propose a framework of the antecedents of ambidexterity in this context. This could be a useful tool to better identify FF specificities that will support long-term survival through their influence on organizational ambidexterity.

scholarly journals Gallbladder mucocoele: A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesh M. Smalle ◽  
Alane K. Cahalane ◽  
Liza S. Köster
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Biliary Disease ◽  
Biliary Surgery ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Short And Long Term

Gallbladder mucocoele (GBM) is an abnormal, intraluminal accumulation of inspissated bile and/or mucous within the gallbladder. Older, small- to medium-breed dogs seem to be predisposed, but no sex predilection has been identified. Clinical signs are often non-specific and include vomiting, lethargy, anorexia, abdominal pain, icterus and polyuria–polydipsia. Results of a complete blood count may be unremarkable, but serum biochemistry usually reveals increased liver enzymes. The ultrasonographic appearance is diagnostic and well described in the literature. Surgical intervention for the treatment of GBM remains the therapeutic gold standard, with short- and long-term survival for biliary surgery being 66%. The worst outcome is seen in those dogs requiring cholecystoenterostomy. With GBM becoming an apparently increasingly common cause of extrahepatic biliary disease in canines, it is essential that clinicians become familiar with the current literature pertaining to this condition. Numerous predisposing factors are highlighted in this review article and the role of certain endocrinopathies (e.g. hyperadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism) in the development of GBM is touched upon. Furthermore, the aetiopathogenesis of this disease is discussed with reference to the latest literature. Cholecystectomy remains the treatment of choice, but other options are considered based on a current literature review.

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