Insomnia as a Sequela of Sarin Toxicity Several Years after Exposure in Tokyo Subway Trains

More than 5,000 passengers on Tokyo subway trains were injured with toxic chemicals including the nerve gas “sarin” on March 20, 1995. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of sarin exposure on insomnia in a cross-sectional study. A self-administered questionnaire concerning sleep-related items was distributed to victims of sarin exposure in October and November, 2003. Questionnaires were completed by 161 of the 163 participants (98.8%), who were selected from 1,500 subjects. Among them, the authors selected 75 women 30 to 69 years of age. Control participants were collected from inhabitants living in Maebachi City, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. For the younger exposed group (under 50 yr. of age), percentages of poor sleep, difficulty falling asleep, intermittent awakening, early morning awakening, a feeling of light overnight sleep, and insomnia were significantly higher than those for the control group. In contrast, the older exposed group (ages 50 to 69 years) had significantly higher prevalence of poor sleep, a feeling of light overnight sleep, and early morning awakening for the exposed group when compared with the control group. The high prevalence of insomnia and insomnia-related factors for victims especially under 50 years of age suggests a need for research on sleep quality after sarin exposure. Although posttraumatic stress disorder is assumed to be a psychological effect of exposure to a toxic substance, a cause-and-effect relationship has not been established.

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Sleep Status and Menstrual Problems among Chinese Young Females

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/1549712 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Hong He ◽

Xiaoxuan Yu ◽

Tingjia Chen ◽

Fei Yang ◽

Min Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Early Morning ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Self Awareness ◽

Menstrual Irregularity ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Difficulty ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Young Females

Background. The association between sleep disturbance and the menstruation in the young women population has been scarcely studied. The aim of this study is to assess the association between sleep status and phase of the menstrual cycle in healthy, young, ovulating women. Methods. This cross-sectional study used the data collected from healthy young, ovulating Chinese females from September to December 2018. The association was analyzed by using linear regression and binary logistic analyses. Results. 2260 women aged 17 to 30 were included in the analysis. The average sleep duration of the respondents was 7.24 hours ( SD = 0.92 ). 61.7% of them admitted that they were accompanied by at least one of sleep symptoms including difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, dreaminess, early morning awakening, and somnolence. Sleep quality was significantly associated with dysmenorrhea (OR 95 % CI = 1.74 [1.40-2.17], P < 0.001 ) and self-awareness menstrual regularity (OR 95 % CI = 1.29 [1.06-1.56], P = 0.011 ). Conclusion. This study found that poor sleep quality is significantly associated with dysmenorrhea and self-awareness menstrual irregularity among healthy, young, ovulating, Chinese females.

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The prevalence and risk factors for depressive symptoms in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic based on a large cross-sectional study using the propensity score-matched method

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03143-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hongyan Wang ◽

Xiaoling Dai ◽

Zichuan Yao ◽

Xianqing Zhu ◽

Yunzhong Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction To explore the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the associated risk factors in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 20, 2020 to March 20, 2020 and involved 562 frontline nurses. The effective response rate was 87.68%. After propensity score matched, there were 498 participants left. Extensive characteristics, including demographics, dietary habits, life-related factors, work-related factors, and psychological factors were collected based on a self-reported questionnaire. Specific scales measured the levels of sleep quality, physical activity, depressive symptoms, perceived organization support and psychological capital. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined by binary paired logistic regression. Results Of the nurses enrolled in the study, 50.90% had depressive symptoms. Three independent risk factors were identified: poor sleep quality (OR = 1.608, 95% CI: 1.384–1.896), lower optimism of psychological capital (OR = 0.879, 95% CI: 0.805–0.960) and no visiting friend constantly (OR = 0.513, 95% CI: 0.286–0.920). Conclusions This study revealed a considerable high prevalence of depressive symptoms in frontline nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak, and identified three risk factors, which were poor sleep quality, lower optimism of psychological capital, and no visiting friend constantly. Protecting mental health of nurses is important for COVID-19 pandemic control and their wellbeing. These findings enrich the existing theoretical model of depression and demonstrated a critical need for additional strategies that could address the mental health in frontline nurses for policymakers.

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Changes of serum zinc-α2-glycoprotein level and analysis of its related factors in gestational diabetes mellitus:a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-30602/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Caiying Feng ◽

Jie You ◽

Guixia Chen ◽

Hongli Su ◽

Li Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Clinical Trial Registry ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Previous studies have discovered that zinc-α2-glycoprotein is related to insulin resistance and lipid metabolism. The aim of the study is to explore the change of serum zinc-α2-glycoprotein(ZAG) and its related factors in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods Eighty newly diagnosed GDM patients were enrolled in study group, and 80 normal pregnant women were selected as control group. The differences of baseline data between the two groups were compared, and the change of serum ZAG level and its relationship with related indexes was analyzed. Results Compared to control group, the level of serum ZAG in the study group decreased [(43.94 ± 14.51)mg/L vs. (62.57 ± 19.05)mg/L, P < 0.001]. Pearson correlation (or Spearman correlation) analysis showed that serum ZAG level was negatively correlated with FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR and TG (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with HDL(P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that HDL, FINS, HOMA-IR were independent factors of serum ZAG(P < 0.001). Conclusion The level of serum ZAG in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus decreased, and HDL, FINS and HOMA-IR are the influencing factors in study group. Trial registration: The study registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(Chi CTR2000028811).

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Characterization of buccal cell DNA after exposure to azo compounds: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.25798.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 1053

Author(s):

Juni Handajani ◽

Urfa Tabtila ◽

Nadia Rully Auliawati ◽

Abdul Rohman

Keyword(s):

Principal Component ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Azo Compounds ◽

Buccal Cell ◽

Control Group ◽

Synthetic Dyes ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Principle Component

Background: Azo compounds, containing naphthol and diazonium salts, are synthetic dyes widely used in the batik industry. Azo compounds are considered toxic when they are exposed to human tissue. The purpose of this study was to analyze buccal cell DNA exposed to azo compounds in batik workers. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 20 male subjects divided into two groups (n=10 group), namely azo-exposed and non-exposed (control group). Inclusion criteria were batik workers of the colouring division who have been exposed to azo for at least 5 years. Buccal cells were taken using cytobrush then DNA were isolated from buccal cell. DNA isolation was done by buccal DNA kit, while the purity and concentration of the DNA was determined using spectrophotometer and electrophoresis. Results: The azo-exposed group revealed higher purity DNA than those in the control group. The purity of the DNA in the azo-exposed group and control group was 0.61±0.93 and 0.21±0.09, respectively, while the concentration of DNA was of 59.02 and 19.35 ng/UL, respectively. The ratio at 260/280 nm was 1.84-1.94 (azo-exposed) and 1.85-1.92 (control). Principal component analysis using the first principle component (PC1) and second principle component (PC2) could successfully classify subjects in the control and azo-exposed groups. Conclusion: Characteristics of DNA could be used as an indication of exposure to azo compounds in workers of batik industries.

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Sleep Hygiene Pattern and Behaviors and Related Factors among General Population in West Of Iran

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n8p114 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 114 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Habibolah Khazaie ◽

Azita Chehri ◽

Kheirollah Sadeghi ◽

Fatemeh Heydarpour ◽

Akram Soleimani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Sex Education ◽

Sleep Hygiene ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Demographic Questionnaire ◽

And Behaviors

INTRODUCTION: Sleep hygiene was found as an important predictor for sleep quality. People’s sleep hygiene can have a major role in their daily function. The purpose of the study was to determine sleep hygiene patterns and sleep hygiene behaviors and factors affecting them in the general population of Kermanshah, Iran.MATERIAL & METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 1829 men and 1262 women were selected randomly from 50 clusters of different parts of the city. The inclusion criteria were age between 12 and 65 years and living in Kermanshah. The exclusion criteria were psychiatric disorder and known general medical conditions that affecting sleep. The data collection instruments were demographic questionnaire and Sleep Hygiene Questionnaire, consisted of 13 items about biological rhythm and bed room environment and behaviors that affecting sleep. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 16 software.RESULTS: The highest percentage was obtained for irregular woke and went up from day to day or at weekend and holidays (74.8%). Only 213 (6.9%) participants were classified as having good sleep hygiene (score 12-14). The mean age of very poor, poor, moderate, and good sleepers was 34.8 ± 14.4, 33.7 ± 17.4, 36.5 ± 13.8, and 35 ± 13.7years, respectively. There were significant differences between the age of poor and moderate sleepers and also sleep hygiene patterns with respect to sex, education level and job.CONCLUSION: Poor sleep hygiene were more frequent in Iranian peoples and the major problem in sleep hygiene in our study was inappropriate sleep schedule.

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Pulmonary Function Study in Female Grinders Exposed to Agate Dust

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/074823379000600109 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 145-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Subodh K. Rastogi ◽

Brahma N. Gupta ◽

Neeraj Mathur ◽

Tanveer Husain ◽

Prakash N. Mahendra

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Complex Form ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Radiologic Findings ◽

Important Observation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Exposed Workers

This paper reports a cross-sectional study of a non-smoking population of silica exposed female workers compared with a group of healthy non-exposed females. The exposed group is divided into cohorts according to the presence or absence of pneumoconiosis in either simple or complex form. The study revealed statistically significant difference in pulmonary function between each of the pneumoconiosis group and the controls and healthy exposed workers. Furthermore, there was statistically significant difference between the values of pulmonary function parameters of the healthy exposed group and the controls. The most important observation of the study is that almost equal decrement of pulmonary function values was observed in the diseased groups and in the healthy exposed group compared to the decrement seen between the latter group and the control group. VC and FVC showed a mean fall of 11.0 and 11.5% in the healthy exposed group as compared to those observed in the unexposed controls (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) while in the pneumoconiosis group VC and FVC showed 16.9 and 18.2% decrease as compared with the values obtained in the healthy grinders (p < 0.01). Similarly FEV1 showed almost same decrease in the healthy (17.9%) and diseased (20.7%) exposed groups (p < 0.001). However, FEV0.75 and MVV parameters showed greater decrement (25.4 and 33.7%) in the pneumoconiosis group as compared to 15.7 and 18.5% observed in the healthy exposed workers. The important observation made in this study is that potential pulmonary debilitation may occur in pneumoconiosis before, or in the absence of, any radiologic findings.

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The prevalence and risk factors for anxiety in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic based on a large cross-sectional study using the propensity score-matched method

10.21203/rs.3.rs-143726/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qingyun Zhao ◽

Zichuan Yao ◽

Xianqing Zhu ◽

Yunzhong Jiang ◽

Chunyu Pan

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction: We determined the prevalence of anxiety and the associated risk factors in in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 20, 2020 to March 20, 2020 and involved 562 frontline nurses. The effective response rate was 87.68%. After propensity score matched, there were 532 participants left. Extensive characteristics, including demographics, dietary habits, life-related factors, work-related factors, and psychological factors were collected based on a self-reported questionnaire. Specific scales measured the levels of sleep quality, physical activity, anxiety, perceived organization support and psychological capital. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined by binary paired logistic regression.Results: Of the nurses enrolled in the study, 33.60% had anxiety. Five independent risk factors were identified for anxiety: poor sleep quality (OR=1.235), experienced major events (OR=1.653), lower resilience and optimism of psychological capital (OR=0.906, and OR=0.909) and no visiting friend constantly (OR=0.629). Conclusions: This study revealed a considerable high prevalence of anxiety in frontline nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak, and identified five risk factors, which were poor sleep quality, experienced major events, lower resilience and optimism of psychological capital, and no visiting friend rarely. Protecting mental health of nurses is important for COVID-19 pandemic control and their wellbeing. These findings enrich the existing theoretical model of anxiety and demonstrated a critical need for additional strategies that could address the mental health in frontline nurses for policymakers.

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Sleep disturbances and frailty status in older adults in Vietnam

Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Y học ◽

10.52852/tcncyh.v141i5.187 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 141 (5) ◽

pp. 69-74

Author(s):

Nguyen Trung Anh ◽

Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh ◽

Dang Thi Xuan ◽

Nguyen Xuan Thanh

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Disturbance ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Early Morning ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Frailty Status ◽

Geriatric Hospital

This cross-sectional study aimed to describe sleep disturbance and its association with frailty syndrome among 903 older adults at the National Geriatric Hospital in Vietnam. Frailty was diagnosed according to the Fried criteria. Sleep disturbances was assessed based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Of 903 patients, the mean age was 71.8 (SD = 8.5), and 537 (59.5%) were female. Most (96.7%) of the patients diagnosed with frailty had poor sleep; 95.3% had to get up at midnight or early morning; 93.3% could not sleep within 30 minutes; 86% had sleep efficiency less than 85%; 53.3% coughed at night; 50.7% had nightmares; and 27.3% and 22.7% of patients felt hot and cold, respectively. The majority (80.0%) of patients must get up to use the bathroom. In conclusion, most older adult diagnosed with frailty experienced at least one form of of sleep disturbance. Medical staffs should attend to the patient’s sleep quality, especially in patients with frailty.

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Association between Sleep Habits and Metabolically Healthy Obesity in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2017/5272984 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Thirumagal Kanagasabai ◽

Ramandeep Dhanoa ◽

Jennifer L. Kuk ◽

Chris I. Ardern

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Quality Factors ◽

Sleep Habits ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Sleep Quantity ◽

Falling Asleep ◽

Metabolically Healthy

Higher body mass index (BMI) increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, but nearly a third of the people living with obesity (BMI: ≥30 kg/m2) are metabolically healthy (MHO). Extreme sleep durations and poor sleep quality are associated with higher bodyweight and cardiometabolic dysfunction, but the full extent to which sleep habits may help differentiate those with MHO versus metabolically abnormal obesity (MAO) is not yet known. Data from the U.S. National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2005–08 was used (BMI: ≥30 kg/m2; ≥20 y;N=1,777). The absence of metabolic syndrome was used to define MHO. Those with MHO tended to be younger, female, Non-Hispanic Black, never smokers, more physically active, and with less physician diagnosed sleep disorders than MAO. Neither sleep duration nor overall sleep quality was related to MHO in crude or multivariable adjusted analyses; however, reporting “almost always” to having trouble falling asleep (OR (95% CI): 0.40 (0.20–0.78)), waking up during the night (0.38 (0.17–0.85)), feeling unrested during the day (0.35 (0.18–0.70)), and feeling overly sleepy during the day (0.35 (0.17–0.75)) was related to lower odds of MHO. Selected sleep quality factors, but not sleep quantity or overall sleep quality, are associated with the MHO phenotype.

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Assessing the suitability of 8-OHdG and micronuclei as genotoxic biomarkers in chromate-exposed workers: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005979 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (10) ◽

pp. e005979 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ping Li ◽

Yongen Gu ◽

Shanfa Yu ◽

Yang Li ◽

Jinglin Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Micronucleus Test ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Positive Correlations

ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate suitable conditions of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and micronucleus (MN) as genotoxic biomarkers at different levels of occupational chromate exposure.DesignA cross-sectional study was used.Participants84 workers who were exposed to chromate for at least 1 year were chosen as the chromate exposed group, while 30 non-exposed individuals were used as controls.Main outcome measuresEnvironmental and biological exposure to chromate was respectively assessed by measuring the concentration of chromate in the air (CrA) and blood (CrB) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) in all participants. MN indicators, including micronucleus cell count (MNCC), micro-nucleus count (MNC), nuclear bridge (NPB) and nuclear bud (NBUD) were calculated by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus test (CBMN), while the urinary 8-OHdG was measured by the ELISA method and normalised by the concentration of Cre.ResultsCompared with the control group, the levels of CrA, CrB, MNCC, MNC and 8-OHdG in the chromate-exposed group were all significantly higher (p<0.05). There were positive correlations between log(8-OHdG) and LnMNCC or LnMNC (r=0.377 and 0.362). The levels of LnMNCC, LnMNC and log (8-OHdG) all have parabola correlations with the concentration of CrB. However, there was a significantly positive correlation between log (8-OHdG) and CrB when the CrB level was below 10.50 µg/L (r=0.355), while a positive correlation was also found between LnMNCC or LnMNC and CrB when the CrB level was lower than 9.10 µg/L (r=0.365 and 0.269, respectively).ConclusionsMN and 8-OHdG can be used as genotoxic biomarkers in the chromate-exposed group, but it is only when CrB levels are lower than 9.10 and 10.50 µg/L, respectively, that they can accurately reflect the degree of genetic damage.

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