Field-Independent Architecture Students

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Peterson ◽  
Glenn Sweitzer
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Psychological Differentiation ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

From current knowledge of what an architect “is” and the concepts of “psychological differentiation” several predictions were made about field independency of architecture students compared with other university students. The Rod-and-frame Test used to test field dependency-independency was given to a group of 20 university students and to three groups of 20 each of architectural students. As hypothesized, the latter were more field-independent and varied less than college Ss. Contrary to prediction field-independency does not decrease over the years in architecture. Some theoretical and experimental limitations of the RFT and knowledge about architects are pointed out.

Effects of Onset and Type of Fathers' Absence on Children's Levels of Psychological Differentiation

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (3_suppl2) ◽  
pp. 1263-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira S. Gershansky ◽  
Louise Hainline ◽  
Harris S. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Field Dependence ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Psychological Differentiation ◽  
Perceptual Dimension ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

The present study examined the relationship between onset and type of father's absence and children's levels of psychological differentiation defined along the perceptual dimension of field-dependence/independence. The portable Rod-and-frame Test was used to measure the level of psychological differentiation for 100 children between the ages of 8 and 16 yr. In agreement with previous findings, boys were significantly more field-independent than girls. A significant interaction was noted between the reason for the father's absence and the age of the child when the father left the home.

Effects of Field-Dependency on Weight Comparisons

1972 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Blasi ◽  
Henry A. Cross ◽  
John A. Hebert
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Contextual Influence ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Comparison Weight ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

20 field-independent and 20 field-dependent Ss were selected on the basis of performance on the Rod-and-frame Test and were asked to estimate a comparison weight in the context of two different original weights. Visual cues were controlled. 10 Ss in each group estimated a heavier weight which was paired on 2 consecutive trials with 1 of 2 lighter weights and the remaining Ss estimated a lighter weight in the context of two heavier weights. The difference in estimates of the same comparison weights served as an indication of contextual influence. The field-dependent Ss, estimating lighter weights, were influenced by context to a significantly greater extent than the other groups. The field-dependency dimension may affect performance on a variety of different perceptual tasks.

Do Confusing Information and Egocentric Instructions Influence Perception?

1984 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margery S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
College Men ◽  
Psychological Differentiation ◽  
Personality Dimension ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame ◽  
Better Than

In an investigation of psychological differentiation, Witkin's personality dimension, 12 field-dependent and 12 field-independent students were selected from a population of college men in summerschool based on their Embedded Figures Test scores. They were assigned to conditions, given egocentric or gravitational instructions, and provided clarified or obscuring feedback about their performance on the Rod and Frame Test. Although instructions had no effect, students with clarified feedback performed better than those whose feedback was confusing. Field-independent men had less difficulty with the confusing feedback than did field-dependent men.

Differential Figure-ground Perception in Classified and Unclassified Fencers

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Field Dependence ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Psychological Differentiation ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Measure Field ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

Identification of psychological and perceptual variables which cause one athlete to be more successful than another may enable coaches to initially better select those individuals who might ultimately have the greatest prospect for success within a given sport. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether a relationship exists between fencing ability and psychological differentiation, as measured by a test of field dependence-independence. Because differentiating the movement of one's body and analytically diagnosing the events during a bout are critical to fencing success, it was hypothesized that higher skilled, classified fencers (N = 26) would be more field independent (as measured by a rod and frame test) than less skilled, unclassified fencers (N = 20). The results were significant and in the hypothesized direction (p < .001). There were no significant differences for age, number of years fenced, and educational background. It was concluded that any assessment of fencing potential should include a rod and frame test to measure field dependence-independence.

Cognitive Style Differences between Engineers and College Students

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald V. Barrett ◽  
Carl L. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Standardization Sample ◽  
Close Resemblance ◽  
Job Functions ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Adult Status ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

The description of Witkin's field-independent individuals as those who tend to be analytical, logical, and able to extract subtle aspects from problems for analysis bears a close resemblance to the description of engineering job functions. It was therefore hypothesized that engineers would be more field-independent than Witkin's standardization sample. It was determined that 46 engineers and technicians were significantly more field independent, as measured by the rod-and-frame test, than Witkin's standardization sample. Alternate explanations for the obtained results are discussed, including intelligence, sampling, and shift to adult status.

Effect of Stress on Field Dependence

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-122
Author(s):  
Viktor Sarris ◽  
Edgar Heineken ◽  
Hildegard Peters
Keyword(s):  
Field Dependence ◽  
Interindividual Variability ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Control Situation ◽  
Consistent Manner ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

60 subjects were tested in the rod-and-frame test under flicker conditions (stress). As compared to scores in a control situation (no flicker), the rod-and-frame scores were large under stress and increased monotonically during the session. Furthermore, both intra- and interindividual variability of rod-and-frame performance changed under stress conditions in a consistent manner. The general results, which clearly point to a reliable influence of stress on field dependency, are discussed within the methodological framework of Witkin's theory of perception and personality.

Maternal Differentiation, Onset and Type of Father's Absence and Psychological Differentiation in Children

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1147-1152
Author(s):  
Ira S. Gershansky ◽  
Louise Hainline ◽  
Harris S. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Differentiation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame ◽  
At Home

The relationship between mothers' and children's levels of psychological differentiation as measured by the rod-and-frame test and the effects of onset and nature of father's absence on this relationship were explored for 209 children between the ages of 8 and 16 yr. and their mothers. There were significantly higher correlations between the scores of children whose fathers were present at home and their mothers than for children whose fathers were absent from home and their mothers. Over-all no significant differences in the mother-child correlations were observed between families where the father's absence resulted from divorce, separation, or desertion and families in which the father had died, although when age of the child at the onset of the father's absence was considered there were significant differences between the group where the father's absence resulted from divorce, separation, or desertion and the group where the father had died.

Sports Skill Classification, Gender, and Perceptual Style

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Brady
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Perceptual Style ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

This study was designed to examine the relationship of sport classification and gender to perceptual style. 102 male and female undergraduate students from open-skilled, closed-skilled and nonathletic groups were administered the Rod and Frame Test and the Embedded Figures Test. Analysis of variance indicated men to be more field independent than women on the Rod and Frame Test, while there were no gender differences on the Embedded Figures Test. Athletes performing open and closed skills scored significantly more field independent on the Rod and Frame Test than the nonathletes. There were no significant differences among the groups on the Embedded Figures Test. No correlation between the two measures of perceptual style was obtained.

Comparison of Selected Measures of Field Dependence

1977 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 861-862
Author(s):  
Karen L. Fry ◽  
David S. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Field Dependence ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

An examination was made to determine the extent to which the Flexibility of Closure subtest from Hakstian and Cattell's Comprehensive Ability Battery could be substituted for Witkin's Rod-and-frame Test of field dependency. Although the data for 48 subjects (aged 11 to 17 yr.) yielded a significant zero-order correlation between the two tests for females, it was judged insufficient to warrant substitution of the former for the latter test.

Field Dependence-Independence and Self-Esteem in Pre-Adolescent Children

1975 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter M. Pawelkiewicz ◽  
Walter G. Mc Intire
Keyword(s):  
Field Dependence ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Field Independence ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

The field independence-dependence and self-esteem of 200 preadolescent boys and girls were studied using the Portable Rod-and-frame Test and the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory. Analysis of variance indicated that field-independent children had significantly higher self-esteem than middle-range and field-dependent individuals. A small significant correlation between field independence and high self-esteem obtained (–.24) but only for boys.

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