Conceptual Deficits and Aging: The Category Test

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Mack ◽  
N. James Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Relative Difficulty ◽  
Category Test ◽  
Conceptual Difficulty ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

Category Test performance of 41 bright aged normals was compared with the performance of 40 young normals and a group of 43 patients with suspected neurological dysfunction. The aged normals were not only as deficient as the neurologic patients but showed a similar pattern of deficits on Category subtests. The extreme difficulty experienced by aged normals and patients on Subtests III and IV was explained as a function of task complexity rather than of conceptual difficulty. Further investigation of the relationship between the relative difficulty of conceptual principles and task complexity in a variety of impaired groups was suggested.

Exploring the Link Between Task Complexity and Students’ Affective States During Engineering Laboratory Activities

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianyu Hu ◽  
Shruthi Bezawada ◽  
Allison Gray ◽  
Conrad Tucker ◽  
Timothy Brick
Keyword(s):  
Task Complexity ◽  
Affective State ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

Assessment and feedback play an instrumental role in an individual’s learning process. Continued assistance is required to help students learn better and faster. This need is especially prominent in engineering laboratories where students must perform a wide range of tasks using different machines. One approach to understanding how students feel towards using certain machines is to assess their affective states while they use these machines. Affective state can be defined as the state of feeling an emotion. The authors of this work hypothesize that there is a correlation between students’ perceived affective states and task complexity. By adopting the Wood’s complexity model, the authors propose to assess how the correlations of perceived affective states of students change while they perform tasks of different complexity. In this study, each student performs a “hard” and an “easy” task on the same machine. Each student is given the same tasks using the same materials. Knowledge gained from testing this hypothesis will provide a fundamental understanding of the tasks that negatively impact students’ affective states and risk them potentially dropping out of STEM tracks, and the tasks that positively impact students’ affective states and encourage them to engage in more STEM-related activities. A case study involving 22 students using a power saw machine is conducted. Perceived affective states and completion time were collected. It was found that task complexity has an effect on subjects’ affective states. In addition, we observed some weak correlation between some of the perceived affective states and laboratory task performance. The distribution of correlation between affective states may change as the tasks change. With the knowledge of the relationship between task complexity and affective states, there is the potential to predict students’ affective states before starting a given engineering task.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MOTIVASI, KOMPLEKSITAS TUGAS, DAN INSENTIF MONETER TERHADAP KINERJA INDIVIDU

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Aulia Azzardina
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Complex Tasks ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

This study investigates the relationship between motivation and task complexity on performance. Monetary incentives are involved in this study as a moderating variable. The motivation examined in this research is intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. A 2x2 quasi-experiment has been conducted and involving 66 university students. Two and three-way ANOVA are used for hypothetical testing. The result shows that individuals with intrinsic motivation have shown better performance than those with extrinsic motivation. After individuals have faced more complex tasks, they achieved lower scores than those who faced less complex tasks. Prior studies suggested that motivation could be destructed by monetary incentives. However, there is no interaction proof when moderating variable is involved. The relationship between motivation and performance is not influenced by monetary incentives. In line with it, the relationship between task complexity and performance is also not strengthened or weakened by the given monetary incentives information. Thus, monetary incentives failed to influence the relationship between motivation, task complexity and performance.

scholarly journals A matter of Motivation - The Effects of Risk Preference and Task Complexity on the Auditor’s Motivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Marco Haid ◽  
Sabine Graschitz ◽  
Peter Heimerl
Keyword(s):  
Task Complexity ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Task Motivation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Preference Task ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Case Based ◽  
And Task

Abstract This article examines whether and how several audit-specific attributes influence auditor’s motivation. Following the literature, the research project focuses mainly on the impact of risk preference, task complexity and the liability situation in this issue. A 2x2 mixed-subjects case-based experiment was conducted to gain data for in-depth insights. In sum 209 master students with a major in accounting and auditing participated in the experiment. The results indicate that increased risk aversion leads to a higher observed task motivation. Regarding the task complexity, data analysis shows that increasing task complexity lowers auditor’s motivation. This study contributes to the stream of judgment and decision making literature and offers new insights in to the relationship and dependence of inherent auditor-specific factors.

The Effect of Cognitive Load and Task Complexity on Automation Bias in Electronic Prescribing

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1008-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lyell ◽  
Farah Magrabi ◽  
Enrico Coiera
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Electronic Prescribing ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Omission Errors ◽  
And Task

Objective: Determine the relationship between cognitive load (CL) and automation bias (AB). Background: Clinical decision support (CDS) for electronic prescribing can improve safety but introduces the risk of AB, where reliance on CDS replaces vigilance in information seeking and processing. We hypothesized high CL generated by high task complexity would increase AB errors. Method: One hundred twenty medical students prescribed medicines for clinical scenarios using a simulated e-prescribing system in a randomized controlled experiment. Quality of CDS (correct, incorrect, and no CDS) and task complexity (low and high) were varied. CL, omission errors (failure to detect prescribing errors), and commission errors (acceptance of false positive alerts) were measured. Results: Increasing complexity from low to high significantly increased CL, F(1, 118) = 71.6, p < .001. CDS reduced CL in high-complexity conditions compared to no CDS, F(2, 117) = 4.72, p = .015. Participants who made omission errors in incorrect and no CDS conditions exhibited lower CL compared to those who did not, F(1, 636.49) = 3.79, p = .023. Conclusion: Results challenge the notion that AB is triggered by increasing task complexity and associated increases in CL. Omission errors were associated with lower CL, suggesting errors may stem from an insufficient allocation of cognitive resources. Application: This is the first research to examine the relationship between CL and AB. Findings suggest designers and users of CDS systems need to be aware of the risks of AB. Interventions that increase user vigilance and engagement may be beneficial and deserve further investigation.

Collaboration in Virtual Worlds

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah ◽  
Shu Z. Schiller ◽  
Brian E. Mennecke ◽  
Keng Siau ◽  
Brenda Eschenbrenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Team Process ◽  
Team Collaboration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Team Trust ◽  
And Task

Virtual worlds are three-dimensional, computer-generated worlds in which team collaboration can be facilitated through the use of shared virtual space and mediated using avatars. This article examines the effect of task complexity on team collaboration. A puzzle game in Second Life was used as the collaborative task and task complexity was manipulated by varying the number of pieces in the puzzle. The hypotheses are that task complexity influences team trust, and team trust influences team process satisfaction in virtual team collaboration. The experimental results indicate that task complexity has significant effects on team trust and team process satisfaction, and team trust fully mediates the relationship between task complexity and team process satisfaction.

scholarly journals Die effek van intelligensie op die verhouding tussen lokus van kontrole en taakkompleksiteit

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. De Kock ◽  
G. Roodt
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Scholastic Aptitude Test ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Scholastic Aptitude ◽  
Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

The effect of intelligence on the relationship between locus of control and task complexity. The aim of the study was to establish the effects of intelligence on the relationship between locus of control and task complexity. These constructs were selected by virtue of their importance in the literature, as well as the lack of empirical research regarding the assumed relationship which exists between them. The Human Sciences Research Council's (HSRC) General Scholastic Aptitude Test (ASAT) was used for measuring intelligence, Duttweiler's Internal Control Index (ICI) was used for determining locus of control and the Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) was used as a criterion for coping with task complexity. These instruments were administered to 292 subjects to determine whether the relationship between locus of control and task complexity was effected when the effect of intelligence was controlled. The results indicated a significant relationship between locus of control and task complexity, however the relationship was no longer significant after the effect of intelligence was controlled. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om die effek van intelligensie op die verhouding tussen lokus van kontrole en taak-kompleksiteit te ondersoek. Hierdie konstrukte is gekies na aanleiding van hulle belangrikheid in die literatuur asook die leemte in empiric se navorsing rakende die veronderstelde verband wat tussen hulle bestaan. Die Algemene Skolastiese Aanlegtoets (ASAT) van die Raad vir Geesteswetenskaplike Navorsing (RGN) is gebruik vir die meting van intelligensie, die Internal Control Index (ICI) van Duttweiler is gebruik vir die meting van lokus van kontrole en die Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) van Raven is gebruik as maatstaf vir die bantering van taakkompleksiteit. Die genoemde meetinstrumente is op 292 proefpersone toegepas om te bepaal of die verband tussen lokus van kontrole en taakkompleksiteit geaffekteer word wanneer daar vir die effek van intelligensie gekontroleer is. Die resultate toon 'n statistics betekenisvolle verband tussen lokus van kontrole en taakkompleksiteit, hoewel die verband onbeduidend was nadat die effek van intelligensie beheer is.

scholarly journals Do we Plan through Gestures? Evidence from Children, Adolescents and Adults in Solving of Tower of Hanoï Task

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mayilín De los Santos Moreno Torres ◽  
Michèle Guidetti
Keyword(s):  
Task Complexity ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
Tower Of Hanoi ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Level Of Difficulty ◽  
Passionate Debate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

The aim of this research was to study the planning of the execution of the Tower of Hanoï task (TOH) through gesture and speech. The effects of age and task complexity on gestures-speech mismatches were analyzed in 144 participants (48 children from 8 to 10 years old, 48 adolescents from 12 to 14 years old, and 48 adults from 18 to 20 years old) during their early explanations of the solution to the problem of the TOH. Results suggested effects from task complexity but not from age. Gesture-speech mismatches could be a possible way to analyze early explanations of the tasks, and the level of difficulty could be considered as a developmental indicator. The question of the relationship between gestures and speech during the planning of complex problems is in fact at the center of a passionate debate on the close relationship between thought and language. It is also at the heart of research on multimodal communication and thinking, according to which human cognition is based on verbal and nonverbal aspects of communicative behavior.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Insentif Keuangan dan Kompleksitas Tugas terhadap Kinerja: Sebuah Studi Eksperimen

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-326
Author(s):  
Clara Noviana Agustina Indriastuti ◽  
Adriana Marini Purwanto ◽  
Theodorus Radja Ludji
Keyword(s):  
Task Complexity ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Fixed Rate ◽  
Piece Rate ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Subject Experiment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

This study used a 2x2 between-subject experiment to examine the relationship between monetary incentives, task complexity and performance. Monetary incentives in this study were applied in two types, piece-rate and fixed-rate, while task complexity was varied in two categories, low and high. Participants’ performance was measured through the completion of tasks assigned. Results of this study indicates no effect of monetary incentive on performance, yet there is a significant effect of task complexity on performance where participants provided with tasks with low complexity showed a significantly higher performance than participants provided with tasks with high complexity. Furthermore, this study finds no interaction between monetary incentives and task complexity on performance. It is implied from this study that monetary incentives were not the main factors that contribute towards employees’ performance in the companies. Besides, task complexity is an important factor to be considered by firms, as it can influence their employees’ performance.  Keywords: Monetary Incentives, Task Complexity, Performance

scholarly journals Due Professional Care, Kompleksitas Tugas, Ukuran Kantor Akuntan Publik, dan Kualitas Audit pada Kantor Akuntan Publik Medan

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 3189
Author(s):  
Gilbert Gilbert ◽  
Georgina Cynthia Monica ◽  
Yoana Fransisca ◽  
Wilsa Road Betterment Sitepu
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Audit Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
Professional Care ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task ◽  
Public Accountant

Auditor have several internal and external factors that affect audit quality. The practice that are guided by the norm and principle of the public accountant profession that are related and independent are audit quality. An auditor must have a high professionalism spirit so that there are no error in the audit process. The purpose of this research is to analyze how big the relationship between due professional care on audit quality and whether the audit quality can be affected by the complexity of the duties and size of PAF.This research method is purposive sampling method, the data is obtained through questionnaire distributed to auditors of public accountants in Medan. Evidence obtained from the research results is Due Professional Care and Task Complexity has a significant influence on Audit Quality. Meanwhile, PAF Size doesn’t have a significant effect on Audit Quality. Keywords: Due Professional Care; Task Complexity; PAF Size; Audit Quality.

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