College Students' Perception of Lecturers Using Humor

1981 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Tamborini ◽  
Dolf Zillmann
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Female Professor ◽  
Female Subjects

Humor use in an audio-taped lecture by a male or female professor was varied to produce versions with (a) no humor, (b) sexual humor, (c) other-disparaging humor, and (d) self-disparaging humor. After exposure to the lecture materials, male and female subjects' perception of the lecturer's intelligence and appeal was assessed. On measures of appeal, significant transverse interactions between sex of speaker and sex of respondent were obtained for both sexual and self-disparaging humor. Effects were in opposite directions, however, for these two types of humor. The use of self-disparaging humor led to higher ratings of appeal when speaker and respondent were of the same sex. In contrast, the use of sexual humor led to higher ratings of appeal when speaker and respondent were of opposite sex. The variations in humor had no appreciable effect on the perception of the lecturer's intelligence.

Adults' Perceptions of Children's Independence and other Sex-Role Characteristics as a Function of Child's Gender Label

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Bell ◽  
Kay Hibbs ◽  
Thomas Milholland
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female College ◽  
Opposite Sex

Male and female college students were presented with a photograph labeled as a 5-yr.-old boy or girl and heard statements attributed to the child. They then rated the child on sex-role traits and responded to open-ended questions about the child. The primary findings involved sex of child by sex of adult interactions on ratings of independence and leadership: in both cases, same-sex children were rated higher than opposite-sex children. There was also some evidence that women having high contact with children rated the child more extremely on opposite-sex traits than did those with little contact.

Reaction to Positive and Negative Behavior in Same-Sex vs Opposite-Sex Others

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-1) ◽  
pp. 931-934
Author(s):  
Chris Kenyon ◽  
Jay Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Negative Behavior ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
Individual Male ◽  
Negative Comments ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Female Subjects

A modified version of ambivalence-amplification hypothesis was applied to a situation involving possible sex discrimination. The modified hypothesis stated that people would have a more polarized reaction to the positive and negative behaviors of an opposite-sex individual than to a same-sex individual. Male and female subjects saw four videotaped segments in which a judge made some comments toward a defendant. The four segments showed male and female judges making positive or negative comments. Subjects rated their liking for the judge after each segment. Results were consistent with the polarization hypothesis.

Cognitive Differences between the Sexes in Memory for Names and Faces

1977 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn A. Borges ◽  
Linda S. Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Cognitive Differences ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female College ◽  
Face Matching ◽  
Matching Test ◽  
Test Female ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Female Subjects

22 male and 22 female college students were shown 30 pairs of faces and names to learn. Subsequent tests indicated that all students recognized more female stimuli than male stimuli and more names than faces. On the name-face matching test, female subjects performed better than did males, and male and female stimuli were matched equivalently.

Eye Contact, Facial Expression, Sex, and the Violation of Personal Space

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Hughes ◽  
Morton Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Female Confederate ◽  
Female Subjects

Two experiments carried out in a public elevator examined how variations in eye contact, facial expression, sex of subject and of experimental confederate affected the violation of personal space. The first experiment “forced” subjects (79 females and 105 males) to violate the personal space of male of female confederates who were either directing their gazes at the subjects or were avoiding eye contact by having their backs to entering passengers. In the first condition the confederates were both male while in the second condition both confederates were female. For male subjects, as eye contact increased from male and female confederates, violations of personal space decreased. Male subjects preferred to violate the personal space of the confederates who had their backs to them, regardless of the sex of the confederates. Female and male subjects responded similarly when the confederates were males. However, when the confederates were females, female subjects preferred to violate the space of the female confederate who gazed at them rather than the female confederate who had her back to them. In the second experiment the subjects (86 females and 90 males) were again “forced” to violate the personal space of two confederates of the same sex. In each of two conditions one of the confederates avoided gazing at entering subjects but the second confederate smiled while gazing directly at the entering subjects. Male subjects again preferred to violate the personal space of the confederate whose back was to them, regardless of the confederate's sex. Female subjects, however, preferred to violate the personal space of confederates who smiled while gazing directly at the entering subjects. This occurred for both male and female confederates.

Draw-a-Person Protocols of Male and Female College Students

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Soccolich ◽  
Boleslaw A. Wysocki
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female College ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Males And Females

A purely male vs female differentiation of D-A-P test variables was attempted for 50 male and 50 female college students or graduates of 3 yr. or less. Analysis of sex and aggression variables revealed much emphasis and conflict in these areas in the drawings of both males and females. Sexual conflict was almost always expressed in the drawings of the opposite sex alone. A generalized psychosexual immaturity was demonstrated in the drawings of male Ss. Female Ss seemed to exhibit conflict over masculine orientation and ‘role’ inversion in their drawings. In addition, a strong tendency toward ‘evasion,’ a wish to ‘not see’ or ‘perceive vaguely,’ was heavily evidenced in the drawings of both male and, to a lesser extent, female Ss.

A Rating Scale of Intimate Disclosure between Late Adolescents and Their Friends

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis S. Klos ◽  
Diane F. Loomis
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Williams College ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
High Level

Subjects were asked to recall actual intimate conversations with closest same-sex friend and closest opposite-sex friend and reconstruct the dialogue. Responses were used to form a reliable example-anchored scale. The criteria for rating were the topic of disclosure, the feeling-content and spontaneity of disclosure, and the receptivity of the target person. The sample was 128 Williams College students, evenly divided by sex, half freshmen and half seniors, Caucasian, and middle-class. An analysis of variance showed significant differences in level of intimate disclosure: freshman males to males, low; freshman males to females and senior males to males, moderate; senior males to females and females of either age to friends of either sex, high. Level of intimate disclosure was independent of the tendency to give socially desirable responses on the Marlowe-Crowne Scale. Using objective ratings as a standard, it was concluded that self-ratings of intimate disclosure are inflated and often inaccurate.

Does Incest Cause Homosexuality?

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Cameron ◽  
Kirk Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Sexual Experiences ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Evolutionary Genetic ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Male Homosexuals ◽  
Genetic Hypothesis

A random sample of 5,182 adults from 6 U.S. metropolitan areas were questioned about incestuous sexual relationships during childhood. Incest was disproportionately reported by both male and female bisexuals and homosexuals. 148 gays (7.7% of the sample) reported 14 (50%) of same-sex, and 7 (22%) of opposite-sex incestuous experiences, and 20 (69%) of same-sex and 2 (3%) of opposite-sex sexual experiences with other relatives. 88 lesbians (3% of the sample) reported 2 (33%) of same-sex incest and 7 (9%) of opposite-sex incest and 1 (17%) of same-sex and 10 (13%) of opposite-sex sexual experiences with other relatives. 12% of 98 male homosexuals vs 0.8% of 1,224 male heterosexuals with a brother reported brother-brother incest. These findings are consonant with those of other studies in which disproportionately more incest by homosexuals was reported. As opposed to an evolutionary genetic hypothesis, these data support the alternative that homosexuality may be learned, since homosexuals do not produce children at sustainable levels and the incidence of homosexuality varies as a function of various social factors. Incest cannot be excluded as a significant basis for homosexuality.

Familiarity and gender influence social preferences in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Courtney DeVries ◽  
Camron L. Johnson ◽  
C. Sue Carter
Keyword(s):  
Social Preference ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Group Cohesion ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Microtus Ochrogaster ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Prairie Voles ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sex Preferences ◽  
Opposite Sex

The physiological mechanisms influencing group cohesion and social preferences are largely unstudied in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). In nature, prairie vole family groups usually consist of an adult male and female breeding pair, one or more litters of their offspring, and occasionally unrelated adults. Pair bonds, defined by heterosexual preferences, develop in male and female prairie voles following cohabitation or mating. However, social preferences between members of the same sex also may be important to the maintenance of communal groups. In the present study we compared the development of social preferences for conspecific strangers of the same sex versus preferences for the opposite sex, and examined the effect of the gonadal status of the stimulus animal on initial social preference. The present study revealed that reproductively naive males, but not females, showed initial preferences for partners of the opposite sex. In both sexes preferences for the opposite sex were not influenced by the presence or absence of gonadal hormones. Heterosexual and same-sex preferences for a familiar individual formed following 24 h of nonsexual cohabitation in both males and females. Male and female same-sex preferences, however, were no longer stable when the stranger in the preference test was of the opposite sex to the experimental animal. The development of same-sex preferences may help to maintain group cohesion, but same-sex preferences formed by cohabitation do not withstand the challenge of an opposite-sex stranger.

scholarly journals Kajian Teologis Terhadap Lesbian di Lembang Perindingan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Sirangki
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Status ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
In The Beginning

God created man in His image and likeness. This means that humans have a resemblance to their creator. When God created man the Bible clearly says that in the beginning God only created man, male and female. Then God made man as his mandate on earth in order to develop and conquer the earth. However, recently there has been an issue about LGBT, especially lesbians, who are pro and contra in the community. For some people there are those who accept the lesbian behavior and there are also those who reject the behavior. Such behavior is not only carried out by non-Christian people but such behavior has also been carried out by those who have held the status of believers in God, even though the Bible clearly opposes such behavior because it is contrary to God's purpose and purpose in creating humans as male and female. female. On that basis it can be said that those who become lesbian perpetrators are not only against their human nature but also against God's decree. Humans can only fulfill God's purpose of creating them in being mandatory over the whole creation if humans have contact with the opposite sex instead of the same sex.

Sex-Role and opposite-Sex Interpersonal Attraction

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Lombardo ◽  
Patricia L. Francis ◽  
Susan Brown
Keyword(s):  
Sex Roles ◽  
Interpersonal Attraction ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Female Subjects

Androgynous, traditional, and undifferentiated male and female subjects indicated their attraction to three opposite-sex strangers who were described as having an androgynous, traditional, and undifferentiated sex-role. Subjects' ability to describe the sex-roles of the strangers was also measured. Androgynous strangers were most preferred, undifferentiated strangers least preferred. The least preferred undifferentiated strangers' sex-role was most accurately described. Subjects were least successful in describing the androgynous sex-role.

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