Pain Responsivity in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome across the Menstrual Cycle

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej R. Kuczmierczyk ◽  
Henry E. Adams ◽  
Karen S. Calhoun ◽  
Simona Naor ◽  
Robert Giombetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Menstrual Cycles

11 women with a clinical diagnosis of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and 10 control women with no such diagnosis were compared on pain threshold and pain-tolerance measures in the intermenstrual and premenstrual phases of their menstrual cycles. No significant differences were found between the groups for behavioral measures of pain sensitivity. Ratings of pain intensity, however, were higher in both phases for the PMS group.

A meta-analysis on pain sensitivity in self-injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1597-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Koenig ◽  
J. F. Thayer ◽  
M. Kaess
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Self Injury

Individuals engaging in self-injurious behavior (SIB) frequently report absence of pain during acts of SIB. While altered pain sensitivity is discussed as a risk factor for the engagement in SIB, results have been mixed with considerable variance across reported effect sizes, in particular with respect to the effect of co-morbid psychopathology. The present meta-analysis aimed to summarize the current evidence on pain sensitivity in individuals engaging in SIB and to identify covariates of altered pain processing. Three databases were searched without restrictions. Additionally a hand search was performed and reference lists of included studies were checked for potential studies eligible for inclusion. Thirty-two studies were identified after screening 720 abstracts by two independent reviewers. Studies were included if they reported (i) an empirical investigation, in (ii) humans, including a sample of individuals engaging in (iii) SIB and a group of (iv) healthy controls, (v) receiving painful stimulation. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed on three pain-related outcomes (pain threshold, pain tolerance, pain intensity) and several population- and study-level covariates (i.e. age, sex, clinical etiology) were subjected to meta-regression. Meta-analysis revealed significant main effects associated with medium to large effect sizes for all included outcomes. Individuals engaging in SIB show greater pain threshold and tolerance and report less pain intensity compared to healthy controls. Clinical etiology and age are significant covariates of pain sensitivity in individuals engaging in SIB, such that pain threshold is further increased in borderline personality disorder compared to non-suicidal self-injury. Mechanisms underlying altered pain sensitivity are discussed.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Response to Experimental Pain among Medical Students from a Western State of India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Pratik Akhani ◽  
Samir Mendpara ◽  
Bhupendra Palan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Experimental Pain ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Pain Rating ◽  
Western State

Background: Pain is one of the most common reasons for patients to seek medical attention and it causes considerable human suffering. Pain is a complex perception that differs enormously among individual patients. Gender plays an important role in how pain is experienced, coped with and treated. Even young healthy individuals often differ in how they perceive and cope with pain. This study was done to investigate gender differences in response to experimental pain among medical students from a western state in India. Methods: A total of 150 medical students (86 males and 64 females) participated in this interventional study. The Cold Pressor Test was used to exert experimental pain. To study the response, cardiovascular measures (radial pulse, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure) and pain sensitivity parameters (pain threshold, pain tolerance and pain rating) were assessed. Results: No significant difference was found in cardiovascular response to experimental pain between both the genders (p>0.05). Pain threshold and pain tolerance were found to be significantly higher in males whereas pain rating was found to be significantly higher in females (p<0.01). Pulse reactivity showed a negative relationship with pain threshold and pain tolerance whereas a positive relationship with pain rating, however no statistically significant relation was found between these measures. Conclusion: Females display greater pain sensitivity than males. Different pain perception might account for gender difference in pulse reactivity.

scholarly journals The Confounding Effect of Assessor Ethnicity on Subjective Pain Reporting in Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jacob Miguel Vigil ◽  
Patrick Coulombe ◽  
Lauren Nikki Rowell ◽  
Chance Strenth ◽  
Eric Kruger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Subjective Pain ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Pain Reporting ◽  
Hispanic White

The current study examines how subjective pain reporting is influenced by the concordant and discordant nature of the ethnic identities of pain expressers (participants) and pain assessors (experimenters). Three discomfort conditions that varied in stimuli intensity (Study 1: mild pain; Study 2: severe pain), and distraction components (Study 3) were used to assess whether pain intensity and tolerance reporting differ with the ethnic identification of the participant and the experimenter. Specifically, 87 Hispanic and 74 Non-Hispanic White (NHW) women (18–51 yrs., Mage = 20.0, SD = 4.3) underwent a cold pressor pain task (CPT) after engaging in minimal procedural interactions with one of the 22 research experimenters (47% Hispanic, 42% females). The procedural interactions with the experimenters included only consenting and instructions, with no interaction between experimenter and participant during the actual CPT. Random-effects models showed that between the 0% and 18% of the variance in pain sensitivity (intensity and tolerance scores) was attributable to characteristics of the experimenters. Controlling for self-esteem, baseline pain levels, and the gender of the experimenter, Hispanic subjects showed higher pain sensitivity (as marked by lower pain tolerance and higher pain intensity scores) following interactions with an NHW rather than a Hispanic experimenter in response to the most severe pain intensity stimuli. These results question the validity of common findings of ethnic differences in pain sensitivity from studies that have not accounted for the ethnic identity of the pain assessor (and the general communicative nature of pain reporting).

scholarly journals Myalgia in 30 Patients with Suspected Myopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2502
Author(s):  
Diana Lehmann Urban ◽  
Elizabeth Lehmann ◽  
Leila Motlagh Scholle ◽  
Torsten Kraya
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Polymyalgia Rheumatica ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorder ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: In patients with neuromuscular disorder, only little data of myalgia frequency and characterization exists. To date, only a weak correlation between pain intensity and pressure pain threshold has been found, and it remains enigmatic whether high pain intensity levels are equivalent to high pain sensitivity levels in neuromuscular disorders. Methods: 30 sequential patients with suspected neuromuscular disorder and myalgia were analyzed with regard to myalgia characteristics and clinical findings, including symptoms of depression and anxiety and pain- threshold. Results: A neuromuscular disorder was diagnosed in 14/30 patients. Muscular pain fasciculation syndrome (MPFS) without evidence for myopathy or myositis was diagnosed in 10/30 patients and 6/30 patients were diagnosed with pure myalgia without evidence for a neuromuscular disorder (e.g., myopathy, myositis, MPFS, polymyalgia rheumatica). Highest median pain scores were found in patients with pure myalgia and polymyalgia rheumatica. Pressure pain threshold measurement showed a significant difference between patients and controls in the biceps brachii muscle. Conclusion: Only a weak correlation between pain intensity and pressure pain threshold has been suggested, which is concordant with our results. The hypothesis that high pain intensity levels are equivalent to high pain sensitivity levels was not demonstrated.

scholarly journals Pain sensitivity in men who have never experienced a headache: an observer blinded case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isa Amalie Olofsson ◽  
Jeppe Hvedstrup ◽  
Katrine Falkenberg ◽  
Mona Ameri Chalmer ◽  
Henrik Winther Schytz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Cold Pain ◽  
Primary Headache Disorders ◽  
Heat Pain Threshold ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Headache affects 90–99% of the population. Based on the question “Do you think that you never ever in your whole life have had a headache?” 4% of the population say that they have never experienced a headache. The rarity of never having had a headache suggests that distinct biological and environmental factors may be at play. We hypothesized that people who have never experienced a headache had a lower general pain sensitivity than controls. Methods We included 99 male participants, 47 headache free participants and 52 controls, in an observer blinded nested case-control study. We investigated cold pain threshold and heat pain threshold using a standardized quantitative sensory testing protocol, pericranial tenderness with total tenderness score and pain tolerance with the cold pressor test. Differences between the two groups were assessed with the unpaired Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney U test as appropriate. Results There was no difference in age, weight or mean arterial pressure between headache free participants and controls. We found no difference in pain detection threshold, pericranial tenderness or pain tolerance between headache free participants and controls. Conclusion Our study clearly shows that freedom from headache is not caused by a lower general pain sensitivity. The results support the hypothesis that headache is caused by specific mechanisms, which are present in the primary headache disorders, rather than by a decreased general sensitivity to painful stimuli. Trial registration Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04217616), 3rd January 2020, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for premenstrual syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanam Borji-Navan ◽  
Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi ◽  
Khalil Esmaeilpour ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Ali Ahmadian-Khooinarood
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Menstrual Cycles

Abstract Background Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common problem of women of reproductive age, affecting various aspects of their lives. However, limited studies have investigated the effect of internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (ICBT) on PMS. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether ICBT can reduce symptom severity of women with PMS and improve their quality of life during the perimenstrual and late follicular phases of menstrual cycle. Methods The study included 92 university students aged 18–35 years who had moderate to severe PMS. The participants were allocated into two groups of 46 using block randomization. The intervention group underwent ICBT for two menstrual cycles, while the control group received no intervention. Before and after the intervention, all participants filled the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) for two menstrual cycles and the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire—Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) on days 1–2 and 11–13 of the menstrual cycle. Data were analyzed using univariate general linear models. Results Four students in the intervention group were lost to follow-up. Following the intervention, the mean score of total PMS symptoms was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (10.4 vs. 20.2, adjusted difference: − 9.9 [95% CI − 13.3 to − 6.6]), and the score of perimenstrual quality of life was significantly higher (64.2 vs. 50.3, 14.1 [8.5 to 19.8]). However, there was no significant intergroup difference in the late follicular quality of life (68.3 vs. 67.3, 1.9 [− 4.4 to 8.1]). Conclusions The ICBT could reduce the symptom severity of women suffering from PMS while improving their perimenstrual quality of life. However, it had no significant effect on the late follicular quality of life. Therefore, this intervention can be used for women with PMS. Trial registration The Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, Identifier: IRCT20100414003706N34, Registered prospectively on 19 June 2019, https://www.irct.ir/trial/38394.

Pain Sensitivity and Ratings of Childhood Experience

1965 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Glenn Collins
Keyword(s):  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Childhood Experience

Measures of pain threshold and pain tolerance were obtained on 62 Ss. Both measures were positively related to childhood protection and negatively related to childhood independence scores on a Childhood History Questionnaire.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Acculturation and Experimental Pain Sensitivity in Asian Americans with Knee Osteoarthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyochol Ahn ◽  
Setor K. Sorkpor ◽  
Miyong Kim ◽  
Hongyu Miao ◽  
Chengxue Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Americans ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Experimental Pain ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Experimental Pain Sensitivity ◽  
The Relationship

Multiple studies in healthy populations and clinical samples have shown that ethnic minorities have greater pain sensitivity than their majority counterparts. Acculturation is speculated to be one of the sociocultural factors contributing to pain sensitivity since cultural beliefs and practices can influence the way patients perceive and respond to pain. However, the relationship of acculturation to pain sensitivity in minority populations remains poorly understood. Therefore, in this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between acculturation and experimental pain sensitivity in 50 Asian Americans residing in North Central Florida with knee osteoarthritis pain. The Suinn-Lew Asian Self Identity Acculturation Scale was used to assess acculturation, and multimodal quantitative sensory testing was performed to measure experimental sensitivity, including heat pain tolerance, pressure pain threshold, and punctate mechanical pain. Descriptive and regression analyses were performed. Participants’ mean age was 55.7 years, and about half of this sample were Korean American (56%). The participants had lived in the United States for 21 years on average. Regression analyses indicated that lower acculturation to American culture may contribute to greater experimental pain sensitivity. Asian Americans who were more acculturated to the American culture had higher heat pain tolerance (beta = 0.61, P=0.01), higher pressure pain threshold (beta = 0.59, P=0.02), and lower ratings of punctate mechanical pain (beta = −0.70, P<0.01). These findings add to the literature regarding sociocultural factors associated with pain in Asian Americans; additional research with a larger and more diverse sample of Asian Americans is warranted for cross-validation.

Influence of moderate physical activity, including physical activity during menstruation, on the course of menstrual cycle among nullipara — an attempt to evaluate

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Szpak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Premenstrual Tension

This study is specifically concerned with the effect of regular physical activity during menstruation on the course of menstrual cycle among nullipara. Based on the author’s questionnaire, the 152 women participating in the study were divided into three groups A, B and C – depending on their level of physical activity. The physical activity at a moderate level does not significantly affect the regularity of menstrual cycles. The cultivation of moderate physical activity during menstruation does not significantly affect the duration of bleeding. Moderate physical activity is irrelevant to the abundance of menstrual bleeding. Moderate physical activity has no significant effect on menstrual pain and its duration. Women who are physically active at a moderate level throughout their menstrual cycle are less likely to experience symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) than women who are only physically active outside of menstruation and are not physically active, which may indicate that moderate physical activity during menstruation prevents symptoms of premenstrual tension syndrome. Based on the results achieved, it is not possible to clearly determine the relevance of promoting moderate physical activity, with particular emphasis on that during menstruation, among women. The study needs to be continued with particular attention paid to physical activity during the day, the influence of environmental factors and stress on the examined women, and with attention paid to the intensity of pain accompanying bleeding. However, it can be assumed that there is no justification for limiting physical activity during the menstrual bleeding phase.

Effects of Nondirective Suggestions on Pain Tolerance, Pain Threshold and Pain Intensity Perception

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Neumann ◽  
H. Seelbach ◽  
J. Kugler ◽  
G. M. Krüskemper
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
General Information ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Information Cues ◽  
Intensity Perception ◽  
Pressure Algometer ◽  
Maximum Pain

In this experiment, we followed the issue whether nondirective suggestions have an effect on pain threshold, pain tolerance, and perception of pain intensity. 48 healthy subjects consented to take part. At intake into the study (t1), pain threshold and pain tolerance were assessed in all subjects using a pressure algometer. Perception of maximum pain intensity perception was rated on a scale of 0 to 25. Seven days later, the session was repeated (t2). Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received nondirective suggestions as pretreatment. Subjects listened to a tape of 20 min. which consisted of general information about pain theory. In this context, suggestions for coping with pain were placed. The other group served as a control and received no pretreatment. Analysis showed that pain tolerance was significantly prolonged in the group who received nondirective suggestions, while pain threshold and perception of maximum pain intensity did not differ across groups. This study demonstrates that nondirective suggestions are effective in prolonging pain tolerance. It can be stated that, beside information, cues on coping with pain may be helpful in clinical practice.

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