Language Familiarity in Magnitude-Estimation Scaling of Loudness by Young Adults

1995 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Fucci ◽  
Ramesh Bettagere ◽  
Maria Diana Gonzales ◽  
Mary E. Reynolds ◽  
Linda Petrosino
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
English Sentence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Language Familiarity ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The purpose was to examine the effect of language familiarity on magnitude-estimation scaling of loudness by young adults Two groups of subjects participated in this study. Group 1 of 20 subjects ( M age = 23.95 yr.) were familiar with English and not familiar with Hindi. Group 2 of 20 subjects ( M age = 24.30 yr.) were familiar with English as well as Hindi. Two separate magnitude-estimation scaling tasks were performed. On the first scaling task, an English sentence was used as the stimulus, and on the second scaling task, a Hindi semence was used as the stimulus. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in loudness judgments of the English and Hindi sentences. Subjects scaled the loudness of an unfamiliar language in the same manner as they scaled the loudness of a familiar language. The findings suggest that magnitude-estimation scaling is an effective measure of loudness whether the language being listened to is familiar to the listener.

Effects of Exposure to Psychophysical Scaling on Lingual Vibrotactile Magnitude Estimation and Magnitude Production

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Fucci ◽  
Daniel Harris ◽  
Elise Mc Math ◽  
Linda Petrosino
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Prior Exposure ◽  
Magnitude Production ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Psychophysical Scaling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scaling Methods ◽  
Production Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of the present study was to determine if the results obtained by the scaling methods of magnitude estimation and magnitude production could be influenced by providing subjects with prior exposure to psychophysical scaling in the form of magnitude estimation or magnitude production. Group 1 ( n = 10, Mage = 21.1 yr.) performed lingual vibrotactile-magnitude estimation followed by lingual vibrotactile magnitude production. Group 2 ( n = 10, Mage = 19.7 yr.) performed lingual vibrotactile-magnitude production (using the magnitude-estimation responses provided by Group 1), followed by lingual vibrotactile-magnitude estimation. For the magnitude estimations there was no over-all statistically significant difference between the two groups, but there was for the magnitude-production values. Magnitude-estimation scaling was apparently not influenced by prior exposure to magnitude production, while magnitude-production scaling was influenced by prior exposure to magnitude estimation. The results are discussed in terms of how subjective scaling behavior in psychophysical experimentation may be influenced by the interaction between an absolute internal scaling mechanism and parameters set by the experimenter, such as scaling method and range of stimulus intensity.

scholarly journals Caries Prevalence in 12-year-old Children from Plovdiv - a Multifactorial Regression Analysis

Folia Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Michael P. Onov ◽  
Ani B. Beltcheva
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The City ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Dental caries is among the most important social diseases. The changes in caries prevalence occurring in different regions provide important information about the influence of etiological factors – primary and secondary, and about understanding the connections between the factors themselves.   Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries in 12-year-old children from Plovdiv, Bulgaria and the effect of etiological factors – single-factor and multifactorial influence.   Materials and methods: The study included 228 children divided into 2 groups: group 1 - children living in the city of Plovdiv, city proper (125 children), and group 2 - children living in the surrounding villages (103 children). A questionnaire with an attached written consent form for clinical examination was completed by the parents of each child with results recorded in the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form for Children. Statistical analysis of the recorded data was used to determine DMFT index for the two groups, percentage of caries-free children and the influence of etiological factors through regression analysis.   Results: Statistical analysis showed the DMFT scores as follows - 1.568 for city proper, 2.917 for surrounding villages. The caries-free children were 38.4% and 17.5% for group 1 and group 2, respectively. OHI is the highest predicting factor in a multifactorial regression analysis with over 19% predictive function.   Conclusion: There was statistically significant difference in caries prevalence and percentage of caries-free children between the city proper and the surrounding villages. Etiological factors have specific influence in the investigated age group.

Could edaravone prevent gentamicin ototoxicity? An experimental study

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Turan ◽  
E Ciğer ◽  
S Arslanoğlu ◽  
H Börekci ◽  
K Önal
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: Clinical application of gentamicin may cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Our study is the first study to investigate the protective effects of edaravone against the gentamicin-induced ototoxicity. We investigated the protective effect of intraperitoneal (i.p.) edaravone application against gentamicin-induced ototoxicity in guinea pigs. Methods: Fourteen guinea pigs were divided into two equal groups consisting of a control group and a study group. One-hundred sixty milligrams per kilogram subcutaneous gentamicin and 0.3 mL i.p. saline were applied simultaneously once daily to seven guinea pigs in the control group (group 1). One-hundred sixty milligrams per kilogram gentamicin was applied subcutaneously and 3 mg/kg edaravone was applied intraperitoneally once daily for 7 days simultaneously to seven guinea pigs in the study group (group 2). Following the drug application, auditory brainstem response measurements were performed for the left ear on the 3rd and 7th days. Results: Hearing threshold values of the group 1 and group 2 measured in the 3rd day of the study were detected as 57.14 ± 4.88 and 82.86 ± 7.56, respectively. This difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Hearing threshold values of the group 1 and group 2 measured in the 7th day of the study were detected as 87.14 ± 4.88 and 62.86 ± 4.88, respectively. This difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: A statistically significant difference between the average threshold values of edaravone-administered group 2 and that of group 1 without edaravone was found. These differences show that systemic edaravone administration could diminish ototoxic effects of gentamicin and the severity of the hearing loss.

scholarly journals Comparison of Use of Misoprostol versus Manual Vacuum Aspiration in the Treatment of Incomplete Abortion

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-242
Author(s):  
Bishal Khaniya ◽  
Rashmi Yadav
Keyword(s):  
First Trimester ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Vacuum Aspiration ◽  
Incomplete Abortion ◽  
Oral Misoprostol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Manual Vacuum Aspiration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Early pregnancy failure is a major health problem throughout the world. Expulsion of some but not all products of conception before 20 weeks of pregnancy abortion is incomplete abortion. This study was to find about the safety, efficacy, and acceptability of misoprostol in comparison to manual vacuum aspiration for the treatment of incomplete abortion so the safe and convenient method can be used in diverse settings in different parts of our country.Materials and Methods: A prospective comparative interventional study carried out between October 2011 to March 2012 AD (Kartik 2068 to Chaitra 2068 BS) in Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Thapathali. All eligible women with a diagnosis of incomplete abortion of < 13 weeks of gestation either from LMP or Ultrasound were divided into two groups. Group 1 includes all odd numbers of cases under study group to whom 600 mcg Misoprostol was given orally. Group 2 includes all even the number of cases under study group to whom manual vacuum aspiration was done.Results: Out of 60 women enrolled in the study, 30 were enrolled in Group 1(Misoprostol P.O.) and 30 in Group 2 (manual vacuum aspiration). The study showed no significant difference in the efficacy of the Misoprostol as compared to manual vacuum aspiration (93.33% vs. 100%).Conclusions: The efficacy of oral Misoprostol is as effective as manual vacuum aspiration in the treatment of first trimester incomplete abortion with comparable success rate.

Conhecimento do cirurgião-dentista sobre o manejo e tratamento de fratura radicular horizontal em Curitiba, Brasil Knowledge of dental practitioners on the management and treatment of horizontal root fracture in Curitiba, Brazil

RSBO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Jhony Ross Alves Martins ◽  
Alessandra Soares Ditzel ◽  
Aaron Bensaul Trujillo Lopez ◽  
Adriane Antoniw ◽  
Luiza Giacomet Cassol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Group ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Root Fracture ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Public Dental Care ◽  
Dental Injuries ◽  
Horizontal Root Fracture ◽  
Group 1

Introdução: A fratura radicular ocorre em uma frequência que varia de 2,5 a 8,7% dos traumas dentários. Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento do cirurgião dentista clínico geral da rede municipal de saúde de Curitiba (PR) a respeito de fratura radicular horizontal e comparar os resultados obtidos nesta investigação (grupo 2) com um estudo desenvolvido em 2009 (grupo 1). Material e métodos: Para a realização deste trabalho, um questionário (utilizado no estudo de 2009) sobre conduta e manejo da fratura radicular horizontal foi aplicado aos cirurgiões-dentistas. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste χ2 e teste Z de diferença entre duas proporções. A amostra foi composta de 81 cirurgiões-dentistas (grupo 2) e 59 cirurgiões-dentistas (grupo 1). Resultados: Houve maior porcentagem de acerto para o grupo 1 quando comparado ao grupo 2, em relação à conduta na fratura radicular horizontal com ou sem deslocamento do terço coronário e quanto ao prognóstico do dente no que tange à posição da fratura. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre grupos a respeito do tecido pulpar, com ou sem deslocamento dos terços. Sobre a permanência da contenção, houve maior acerto entre o grupo 2. AbstractIntroduction: The frequency of tooth fractures ranges from 2.5 to 8.7% in dental injuries. Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluated the knowledge of general dental practitioners (GD), at the public dental care system, about the correct management of horizontal tooth fractures, in Curitiba (PR, Brazil) (group 2), and to compare the results with a preview study (group 1). Material and methods: The same questionnaire was applied to GD: in 2009 (group 1) and in the actual study (group 2). The data was analyzed using the χ2 test and the Z test for different proportions. The samples were 81 GDs (group 2) and 59 GDs (group 1). Results: Group 1 had more correct answers than group 2, concerning horizontal root fracture with or without crowded displacement, and prognosis related to the position of the fracture line. About the pulp tissue, with our without displacement, there was no statistic significant difference between both groups. When it comes to the splint permanence, group 2 had more correct answers.

scholarly journals Life Satisfaction and Resilience among Divorced Women in India

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautami Kapila ◽  
Dr Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Women In India ◽  
Life Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Group 1

Aim: The purpose of the study was to identify the level of Life Satisfaction and Resilience among the divorced women in India. Method: This study aims to identify the relationship between Life satisfaction and resilience. Standardized questionnaires (LIFE SATISFACTION SCALE & CONNOR DAVIDSON RESILIENCE SCALE) were employed to measure Life satisfaction and Resilience, among 60 divorced women (Group1: women divorced for less than 5 years & Group 2: women divorced for more than 5 years), all aged between 30-50 years. The results were analysed using T-test and Pearson r. The score were tabulated. Results: The statistical analysis suggested a positive correlation between Life satisfaction and Resilience. The results also indicated that there is no significant difference between the level of life satisfaction and resilience among the Group 1 and Group 2.

scholarly journals SAT-030 The Barnsley Diabetes Hypogonadal Questionnaire (BDHQ) - Validation for the Clinical Use to Support the Diagnosis of Testosterone Deficiency in Men with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enis Mumdzic ◽  
Preethi Mohan Rao ◽  
Thomas Hugh Jones
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract The Aging Males’ Symptoms (AMS) scale is used to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and erectile dysfunction (ED) in hypogonadal men. However, this questionnaire hasn’t been validated specifically for use in hypogonadal men with T2D. BDHQ was developed using data collected in the Barnsley Type 2 Diabetes Cohort Longitudinal Study based on AMS, The International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire, and The Short Form (36) Health Questionnaire. Statistical analysis identified the 19 most sensitive and specific questions for identifying men with hypogonadism in a T2D population. Objectives: To assess the significance of AMS and BDHQ in hypogonadal men with T2D. Methods: The research data from a study involving men with T2D was used. All men were divided into 2 groups according to their baseline total testosterone (TT) status: group 1 (n = 82) - men with low TT (&lt;10.4nmol/l; 300ng/dl), and group 2 (n = 64) - men with normal TT (≥10.4nmol/l; 300ng/dl). Data was also assessed using calculated freeT and bioavailableT. The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software and the data analysed using General Linear Model Univariate analysis of variance and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Mean age for group 1 was 59.4 ± 10.1 years (range 25 - 77) and for group 2 was 61.5 ± 9.8 years (range 30 - 80). Mean TT for group 1 was 7.9 ± 1.8 nmol/l (range 1.3 - 10.3); for group 2TT was 14.9 ± 4.1 nmol/l (range 10.4 - 29.5). There was statistically significant difference in the scores in both questionnaires between the groups (AMS, p=0.012; BDHQ, p=0.035). Area under the curve (AUC) by ROC analysis showed no significant difference in sensitivity and specificity between the two questionnaires (AMS, AUC=0.623; BDHQ, AUC=0.606). To achieve sensitivity of 80%, it showed that the cut-off for positive test should be 40 out of 85 for AMS, and 44 out of 95 for BDHQ. Conclusion: The BDHQ can be used to support a diagnosis of hypogonadism in the presence of persistent testosterone deficncy when TT is &lt;10.4nmol/l. Whilst AMS is well-recognised tool for assessing HRQOL and ED in hypogonadal men in general population, the cut-off for positive test should be lower in diabetic population. In addition, this study showed that BDHQ is not inferior test to AMS in assessing HRQOL and ED in hypogonadal men with T2D.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

Tuberculosis of the meninges and central nervous system. Experience of clinical diagnostics in St. Petersburg for 50 years

MedAlliance ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Allergic Vasculitis ◽  
Tuberculosis Meningitis ◽  
Group 1

The clinic and diagnostics of tuberculosis meningitis (TM) in 926 patients treated in St. Petersburg hospitals in 1965–1994 (group 1) and in 1995–2018 (group 2) is presented. The TM clinic is demonstrated to be determined by the form of tuberculosis and its characteristic generalization nature in the presence of repeated waves of bacteremia and allergic vasculitis of greater or lesser severity. There is clinical peculiarity of TM in primary pulmonary tuberculosis and its early large-focal and late miliar generalization, as well as in hematogenous tuberculosis. In patients of the 1st and 2nd groups the TM clinic shows in some respects a noticeable similarity, in others — a significant difference. Despite the typical symptoms, early diagnosis of TM took place in less than 20% of patients. Clinical examples illustrating the unusual development of TM, contrasting with its usual course, are given. A number of objective and subjective factors contributing to the adverse evolution of TM and its lethal outcome are discussed. These include the peculiarity of modern tuberculosis, especially when associated with HIV infection, as well as medical errors associated with ignorance of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and failure to comply with the minimum examination for tuberculosis.

Two Adhesive Systems-effect on Adhesion to Tooth Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2608-2613
Author(s):  
Larisa Simona Deac ◽  
Kamel Earar ◽  
Adela Loredana Colceriu Burtea ◽  
Alexandra Stefania Berghe ◽  
Aurora Antoniac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Selective Etch ◽  
Etch And Rinse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Self Etch ◽  
Group 1

This study evaluates and compares by dye penetration method and SEM photomicrographs the sealing obtained using two different classes of adhesive systems (etch-and-rinse and self-etch with selective etching) with SDR (Dentsply) bulk fill composite. 84 class V cavities were prepared on oral and vestibular face of 42 intact, freshly extracted wisdom teeth. The cavities were randomly divided in two groups and restored: Group 1 with prime &bond one select (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply) and Group 2 with prime&bond one Etch&Rinse (Dentsply) and SDR (Dentsply). Prime&bond one Select (Dentsply) is a single component adhesive and can be used in self etch mode, in selective enamel etch mode, or in etch-and-rinse mode. We chosen for this study the selective etch of the enamel mode. Prime&bond one Etch Rinse (Dentsply) is a universal etch-and-rinse one-bottle dental adhesive, designed to be used in two steps. The bulk fill composites are commonly used in modern dentistry due to their properties of low polymerization shrinkage and curing in layer of 4 mm depth, offering the practitioner a fast clinical procedure with good results. The results showed a good sealing at enamel and dentin margins with no statistically significant difference between adhesives, even though the mean of enamel infiltration was smaller for Group1. Furthermore the results show that there were differences between the two groups, for the infiltrations at the enamel, the values of microleakage being arithmetically higher for Group 1, but with no statistically difference between the two groups.SEM images showed for both groups a good adhesion surface with the tooth, but the hybrid layer of the total-etch adhesives is different from the hybrid layer formed by self etch adhesives, in terms of thickness, uniformity. In conclusion both adhesive systems have equivalent sealing qualities and can be successfully used with SDR.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document