Family Status, Preference for Sport Aggressiveness, and Sport Fan Motivation

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1419-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Wann ◽  
Tina M. Lane ◽  
Lisa E. Duncan ◽  
Stephanie L. Goodson
Keyword(s):  
Family Status ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
Fan Motivation ◽  
Sport Fan ◽  
Sport Analysis

This study tested two hypotheses involving the use of sport spectating as an opportunity to spend time with one's family. First, it was hypothesized that scores on Family Motivation would be higher for fans who were married or had children than for unmarried fans without children. Second, it was predicted that among sport fans who were married or had children, those preferring a Nonaggressive sport would report higher scores on Family Motivation than those preferring an Aggressive sport. Analysis confirmed the first hypothesis while refuting the second.

A Magic “Bullet”: Exploring Sport Fan Usage of On-Screen, Ephemeral Posts During Live Stream Sessions

2021 ◽  
pp. 216747952110389
Author(s):  
Bo Li ◽  
Michael L. Naraine ◽  
Liang Zhao ◽  
Chenyang Li
Keyword(s):  
Magic Bullet ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sports Fans ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Critical Commentary ◽  
Information Interaction ◽  
Sport Fan ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Practical Implications

The bullet-screen function is an augmented comment feature that has been adopted by the majority of Over-the-Top (OTT) services to foster users’ interaction and watching experience. This feature empowers sports customers to post and view numerous, short, and fast-moving comments that overlap over the screen while watching live stream sports events in real time. This research aims to investigate how sports fans embrace the bullet-screen feature while watching live stream sports. Through a combination of thematic analyzing bullet-screen comments from a National Basketball Association Finals game, and semi-structured interviews among bullet-screen users ( N = 15), the results indicate that sport fans’ bullet-screen messages could be classified into five categories: critical commentary, socialization, supportive interactions, random messages, and trash talk. Four motives for sports fans to engage with bullet-screen posting were identified: entertainment, gathering information, interaction, and finding belonging. The study also showed that the inappropriateness of comments and too much overlay on the screen could prevent sports fans from utilizing the service. Theoretical and practical implications have also been discussed.

Exploring the Relationship Between Sport Fan Identification and Addiction to Digital Sports Media

2019 ◽  
pp. 282-294
Author(s):  
John S. Clark ◽  
Jill K. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sport Organizations ◽  
Sports Media ◽  
Fan Identification ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
Sport Fan ◽  
Digital Sports ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Constant Source ◽  
Source Of Information

Social media has proved to be a constant source of information and entertainment for sport fans. These social media sites allow sport organizations to provide news about the organizations and the athletes that play for them, as well as serving as a means of communication between the organization and fans, or between the fans themselves. Smartphones have enabled this communication to be nearly constant, allowing sport fans to access information around the clock. Anecdotal evidence suggests this on-demand access to information about a fan's favorite team will increase the avidity by which the fan consumes the sport product. In a parallel development, researchers have investigated the detrimental effects devoting too much time to social media has on consumers. This research bridges these lines of inquiry and examines the relationship between social media addiction and highly identified and committed sport fans. Data were collected from college students, and a multiple regression analysis was performed which resulted in no statistically significant relationship between addiction to social media and high levels of sport identification and commitment. The results suggest that for sport organizations, social media is not a one-size-fits-all approach to reaching a segmented (based on identification and commitment) market.

Predicting Fan Behavior Through Egocentric Network Analysis: Examining Season-Ticket Holder Renewal

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Matthew Katz ◽  
Bob Heere ◽  
E. Nicole Melton
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
College Football ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Season Ticket ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
Fan Behavior ◽  
Past Behavior ◽  
Sport Fan ◽  
Egocentric Network

The purpose of this study is to utilize egocentric network analysis to predict repurchase behaviors for college football season-ticket holders. Using a research approach grounded in network theory, we included the relational and behavioral characteristics of sport fans in a binomial regression model to predict renewal decisions among college football season-ticket holders. More specifically, we developed a model that incorporates the egocentric network variables, past behavior, and behavioral intentions to empirically test which consumer characteristics predict future behavior. Building on previous research emphasizing the role of socializing agents and social connections in sport fan consumption, through the use of egocentric network analysis, we examined the effects of social structure and social context on repurchasing decisions. Moreover, the present study is positioned within the larger discourse on season-ticket holders, as we aimed to add a network theory perspective to the existing research on season-ticket holder churn and renewal.

Exploring the Relationship between Sport Fan Identification and Addiction to Digital Sports Media

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Clark ◽  
Jill K. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sport Organizations ◽  
Sports Media ◽  
Fan Identification ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
Sport Fan ◽  
Access Information ◽  
Digital Sports ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Constant Source

Social media has proved to be a constant source of information and entertainment for sport fans. These social media sites allow sport organizations to provide news about the organizations and the athletes that play for them, as well as serving as a means of communication between the organization and fans, or between the fans themselves. Smartphones have enabled this communication to be nearly constant, allowing sport fans to access information around the clock. Anecdotal evidence suggests this on-demand access to information about a fan's favorite team will increase the avidity by which the fan consumes the sport product. In a parallel development, researchers have investigated the detrimental effects devoting too much time to social media has on consumers. This research bridges these lines of inquiry and examines the relationship between social media addiction and highly identified and committed sport fans. Data were collected from college students, and a multiple regression analysis was performed which resulted in no statistically significant relationship between addiction to social media and high levels of sport identification and commitment. The results suggest that for sport organizations, social media is not a one-size-fits-all approach to reaching a segmented (based on identification and commitment) market.

Women’s and Men’s Basketball: A Comparison of Sport Consumption Motivations

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. James
Keyword(s):  
Daily Routine ◽  
Women's College ◽  
Men's Basketball ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
College Basketball ◽  
Sport Consumption ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Women's Basketball ◽  
Sport Fan

The current study was a measurement of whether or not females and males were equally likely to report being sport fans, and to identify whether the motives influencing the consumption of women’s college basketball were different than the motives influencing the consumption of men’s college basketball. Fans of women’s basketball and fans of men’s basketball were compared on nine sport consumption motives. Data for the project came from 318 fans attending women’s basketball games and 316 fans attending men’s basketball games. Based upon the results, men had significantly higher sport fan ratings than women. There were significant differences between females and males on two of the sport consumption motives, Aesthetics and Knowledge. Men reported a greater appreciation for the natural beauty in the game of basketball, and greater enjoyment of games because of their knowledge of basketball. There was no significant difference between the two motives rated highest by women and men, the Action in games and the opportunity to Escape from one’s daily routine. The reasons for watching and following a specific sport were similar for females and males, regardless of the sex of the athletes.

The Reverse Socialization of Sport Fans: How Children Impact Their Parents’ Sport Fandom

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 542-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Hyatt ◽  
Shannon Kerwin ◽  
Larena Hoeber ◽  
Katherine Sveinson
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
Sport Fan ◽  
Socializing Agents

While the sport fan literature suggests that it is common for parents to socialize their children to cheer for specific sports and teams, recent literature proposes that children can socialize their parents into changing the parents’ sport fandom in a process sociologists and consumer behavior researchers refer to as reverse socialization. To ascertain whether children can socialize and influence their parents’ sport fandom, 20 sport fan parents were interviewed. Evidence of reverse socialization was found in 15 of the participants, manifesting itself in ways that can be categorized as either developing new or additional fandom, or changing one’s behaviors or attitudes towards their existing fandom. However, further exploration of the data suggests that future research reexamine the term “reverse socialization,” as we do not see this as a directionality of influence, but as children as socializing agents.

The Strength of Fan Ties: Emotional Support in Sport Fan Egocentric Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Katz ◽  
Aaron C. Mansfield ◽  
B. David Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Sport Management ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
Sport Fan ◽  
Egocentric Network ◽  
Interpersonal Ties

Sport management researchers have increasingly noted a relationship between sport spectatorship and well-being, with the line of inquiry predicated on transformative sport service research. In this study, the authors contribute to transformative sport service research by utilizing multilevel egocentric network analysis to examine the consumption networks of National Football League fans over the course of one season. The authors utilized a network theory approach to explore how emotional support is created and embedded within sport fans’ networks of interpersonal ties and social relationships. Through multilevel modeling, the authors highlighted how attributes of both the ego (i.e., focal actor) and alter (i.e., individual with whom ego shares a tie) affect emotional support. Previous studies of transformative sport service research and the link between well-being outcomes and sport spectatorship have implicitly examined only ego-level attributes (i.e., team identification), yet the present work suggests that emotional support depends on the interpersonal ties and network structures within which sport fans are embedded.

Dimensions of Sense of Membership in a Sport Fan Community: Factors, Outcomes, and Social Capital Implications

2020 ◽  
pp. 216747952095637
Author(s):  
Brandon Mastromartino ◽  
Jerred J. Wang ◽  
D. Welch Suggs ◽  
Candice R. Hollenbeck ◽  
James J. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Community Factors ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
Fan Communities ◽  
Sport Fan ◽  
The Impact

Through developing the Sport Fan Sense of Community (SFSC) scale, this study examined the factors that would constitute a sense of membership in a sport fan community, the impact of these factors on behavioral and psychological outcomes of membership, and their influence on the creation and maintenance of social capital through membership in the sport fan community. Sport fans ( N = 525) were surveyed and data were analyzed through a two-step confirmatory factor analysis and subsequent structural equation model analyses. A total of 17 items under five key factors were resulted for the SFSC scale, including Collective Unity, Positivity, Inclusivity, Social Opportunities, and Knowledgeable Members. These factors significantly ( p < .05) contributed to the psychological outcomes related to cognitive and affective benefits, as well as behavioral outcomes of increased game attendance, merchandise sales, and positive word of mouth. An individual’s sense of membership in the fan community also contributed to his/her bridging and bonding of social capital. This study built on previous conceptualizations of sport fan communities and developed the SFSC scale to delineate, specify, and measure one’s sense of membership in a fan community. The findings help further the theoretical understanding of sport fan communities and also provide evidence for sport organizations to identify operational areas in which they can communicate with consumers in order to create, channel, and sustain stronger communities.

Exploring the Relationship Between Sport Fan Identification and Addiction to Digital Sports Media

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
John S. Clark ◽  
Jill K. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sport Organizations ◽  
Sports Media ◽  
Fan Identification ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
Sport Fan ◽  
Digital Sports ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Constant Source ◽  
Source Of Information

Social media has proved to be a constant source of information and entertainment for sport fans. These social media sites allow sport organizations to provide news about the organizations and the athletes that play for them, as well as serving as a means of communication between the organization and fans, or between the fans themselves. Smartphones have enabled this communication to be nearly constant, allowing sport fans to access information around the clock. Anecdotal evidence suggests this on-demand access to information about a fan's favorite team will increase the avidity by which the fan consumes the sport product. In a parallel development, researchers have investigated the detrimental effects devoting too much time to social media has on consumers. This research bridges these lines of inquiry and examines the relationship between social media addiction and highly identified and committed sport fans. Data were collected from college students, and a multiple regression analysis was performed which resulted in no statistically significant relationship between addiction to social media and high levels of sport identification and commitment. The results suggest that for sport organizations, social media is not a one-size-fits-all approach to reaching a segmented (based on identification and commitment) market.

Classifying Sport Consumers

2020 ◽  
pp. 323-356
Author(s):  
David P. Hedlund ◽  
Rui Biscaia ◽  
Maria do Carmo Leal
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Sports Fans ◽  
Cluster Analyses ◽  
Sport Fans ◽  
Fan Behavior ◽  
Sport Fan

Sport fans rarely attend sporting events alone. While traditional consumer and sport fan behavior research often examines fans based on demographic characteristics, recent advances in understanding how sport fans co-create and co-consume sporting events provides substantial evidence that sports fans should be examined as tribal groups. Tribal sport fan groups can be identified based on seven dimensions, including membership; geographic sense of community; social recognition; shared rivalry; and shared knowledge of symbols, rituals and traditions, and people. In this research, these seven dimensions are used to classify sport fans (n=1505) through hierarchical and k-cluster analyses. The results of the cluster analyses using the seven dimensions suggest six unique clusters, labelled as (1) casual fans, (2) moderate remote fans, (3) moderate local fans, (4) local developing tribal fans, (5) remote tribal fans, and (6) tribal fans. A discussion of these six fan groups and the implications regarding associations with demographics and other important variables are provided.

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