Discriminatory Attitudes: A Scale Development in Turkish

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mufit Gomleksiz ◽  
Senel Poyrazli ◽  
Ruken Akar Vural
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Orientation Scale

This study presented the development of a reliable and valid scale, the Discriminatory Attitudes Scale, for use in research related to discrimination in a Turkish context. First, related literature was searched and a pool of 69 items was generated to cover the basic forms of discrimination. Then, data were collected from 840 college students and subjected to exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation, leaving 21 items. Next, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed, which confirmed a 4-factor structure. These factors were named Discrimination Against Homosexuals, Discrimination Against Women, Discrimination Based on Race or Ethnicity and Religion, and Discrimination Against Foreigners. Correlational analyses with ratings from the Left–Right Orientation Scale, Cronbach coefficient alpha, and expert opinion provided evidence on validity and internal consistency and reliability of the Discriminatory Attitudes Scale.

The Development of the Scale of Protective Factors: Resilience in a Violent Trauma Sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Ponce-Garcia ◽  
Amy N. Madewell ◽  
Shelia M. Kennison
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This research developed the Scale of Protective Factors (SPF-24) to measure protective factors contributing to resilience. We investigated the factor structure of 35 items. After exploratory factor analysis, we subjected 25 items representing 2 social-interpersonal and 2 cognitive-individual factors to confirmatory factor analysis. The sample consisted of 942 college students from 3 studies and 2 institutions. To examine the diagnostic function of the SPF, we used clinical criteria to identify a subsample of participants who had experienced violent trauma and scored low, moderate, or high on an established resilience scale. Results showed that the low-resilient group scored significantly lower on all subscales of the SPF with marked differences in prioritizing/planning behavior. Implications for the research and clinical settings are discussed.

scholarly journals Five Factor Model in Iranian Culture: A Psychometrics Analysis of NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoochehr Azkhosh ◽  
Ali Asgari
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Explanatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Neo Five Factor Inventory

This study aimed to investigate the construct validity and factor structure of NEO-Five Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992) in Iranian population. Participants were 1639 (780 male, 859 female) Tehran people aged 15-71. The results of explanatory factor analysis showed no notable differences between the factor structures extracted by oblique and orthogonal rotations and didn’t replicate the scoring key. The Openness and Agreeableness had more psychometric problems (low internal consistency and high deleted items). The female’s NEO-FFI factor structure (with 41 items of 60 loaded on intended factors)was clearer than males’ (with 37 items). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the male’s latent modeling of the 31-item but failed to fit the female’s model. The women scored significantly higher in the Neuroticism, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness than men who scored significantly higher in the Extraversion. As previous findings, the current results showed the NEO-FFI’s cultural limitations assessing the universality of the Five Factor Model.

Psychometric Properties of a Portuguese Version of the Revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Neto
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Sociosexual Orientation ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Adequate Internal Consistency ◽  
Three Factor

Sociosexuality refers to the propensity to engage in sexual relations without closeness or commitment, varying from a restricted to an unrestricted orientation. The aim of this research was to scrutinise the psychometric properties of a Portuguese version of the revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory (SOI-R; Penke & Asendorpf, 2008). The study included 549 persons (50% women) aged 18–75 years (M = 38.73; SD = 17.77). The psychometric properties of the SOI-R were analysed by means of confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, and validity. Confirmatory factor analysis showed the expected three-factor structure of the measure. The SOI-R presented adequate internal consistency. Women were less unrestricted than men in all facets of sociosexuality. This Portuguese version of the SOI-R seems to be reliable and valid for evaluating sociosexuality in a Portuguese-speaking population, and can be utilised for experimental and applied works. The significance and limitations of the results are discussed.

Factor Structure of the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale in Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 990-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Gwi Lee ◽  
Hanna Suh ◽  
Hee-Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Korean Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Korean College Students

This study explored the factor structure of the Korean version of the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale, originally developed by Hewitt and colleagues in 2003 with three factors (Perfectionistic Self-promotion, Non-display of Imperfection, and Non-disclosure of Imperfection). In Study 1, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the Korean version with 27 items for 151 Korean college students, but the model fit was poor. Subsequently, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and the results yielded three factors as found in Hewitt, et al., yet with 20 items rather than the original 27 items. This new version had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .88); convergent validity estimate was established with a measure of self-presentation motivation. In Study 2, to support the structural validity of the Korean version, another confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with 203 Korean college students. The model fit was good, but a few amendments were made.

A Second-Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Moral Distress Scale-Revised for Nurses

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Sharif Nia ◽  
Vida Shafipour ◽  
Kelly-Ann Allen ◽  
Mohammad Reza Heidari ◽  
Jamshid Yazdani-Charati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Distress Scale

Background: Moral distress is a growing problem for healthcare professionals that may lead to dissatisfaction, resignation, or occupational burnout if left unattended, and nurses experience different levels of this phenomenon. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the factor structure of the Persian version of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised in intensive care and general nurses. Research design: This methodological research was conducted with 771 nurses from eight hospitals in the Mazandaran Province of Iran in 2017. Participants completed the Moral Distress Scale–Revised, data collected, and factor structure assessed using the construct, convergent, and divergent validity methods. The reliability of the scale was assessed using internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha, Theta, and McDonald’s omega coefficients) and construct reliability. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Findings: The exploratory factor analysis ( N = 380) showed that the Moral Distress Scale–Revised has five factors: lack of professional competence at work, ignoring ethical issues and patient conditions, futile care, carrying out the physician’s orders without question and unsafe care, and providing care under personal and organizational pressures, which explained 56.62% of the overall variance. The confirmatory factor analysis ( N = 391) supported the five-factor solution and the second-order latent factor model. The first-order model did not show a favorable convergent and divergent validity. Ultimately, the Moral Distress Scale–Revised was found to have a favorable internal consistency and construct reliability. Discussion and conclusion: The Moral Distress Scale–Revised was found to be a multidimensional construct. The data obtained confirmed the hypothesis of the factor structure model with a latent second-order variable. Since the convergent and divergent validity of the scale were not confirmed in this study, further assessment is necessary in future studies.

scholarly journals Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression 10-item Scale on Chinese International Students in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Yang Eun Kim ◽  
Boram Lee
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
International Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Chinese International Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Introduction: Depression has become increasingly prevalent in Chinese international students in South Korea. For this population, therefore, accurate assessment of mood disorders, particularly depression, is critically important. The 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D 10) is commonly used to measure depression in both clinical and non-clinical populations. Thus, this study examined the CES-D 10’s factor structure and psychometric properties in Chinese international students. Methods: Study participants were 250 Chinese international students aged 18–23, attending a four-year university in Korea; they completed the Chinese version of the CES-D 10. Based on relevant theories and empirical research, confirmatory factor analysis was employed to examine the adequacy of three competing models’ factor structure. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and test-retest reliability using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the two-factor model comprised of depressive affect/somatic retardation and positive affect had the best fit. The CES-D 10 showed satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest reliability in Chinese international students. Conclusion: The CES-D 10 demonstrated strong psychometric properties in this Chinese international student sample, and results suggest that the CES-D scale is a useful screening tool for depressive symptoms. Therefore, the CES-D 10 could be used as a depression screen for international students at the population level and in health clinics.

Development of the Experiences of Humility Scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don E. Davis ◽  
Stacey McElroy ◽  
Elise Choe ◽  
Charles J. Westbrook ◽  
Cirleen DeBlaere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Neutral Condition ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Other Orientation ◽  
Meaningful Event

In three studies, we developed the Experiences of Humility Scale (EHS). In Study 1, we used exploratory factor analysis to determine the factor structure and to reduce items in a sample of undergraduates (N = 200). The EHS had four subscales: Other-orientation, Transcendence, Awareness of Selfishness, and Awareness of Egotism. Study 2 involved an experiment with a second sample of college students (N = 106) that provided initial evidence of construct validity. Participants assigned to a Meaning Condition (i.e., writing about a most meaningful event) reported lower levels of awareness of egotism and selfishness than did participants assigned to a Neutral Condition. In Study 3, with a third sample of college students (N = 155), we replicated the factor structure of the EHS using confirmatory factor analysis and evaluated additional evidence of construct validity. As predicted, the EHS subscales predicted constructs associated with spiritual connection and meaning. Likewise, providing evidence of discriminant validity, the EHS subscales were only moderately related to traits of humility, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

scholarly journals Factor structure and short version of the modified Fresno test to assess the use of the evidence-based practice in physiotherapists

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Martins da Silva ◽  
Rosimeire Simprini Padula
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Fresno Test ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Abstract Background The Modified Fresno Test has been used to evaluate the use of the Evidence-Based Physiotherapy (EBP). So far, none of the versions of the Fresno Test were subjected to analysis of the factorial structure. The objective of the study was to describe the exploratory and confirmatory factor structure of the Modified Fresno Test adapted to the Portuguese-Brazilian and analyze the statistical feasibility for the elaboration of a short version. Methods The questionnaire was applied with a convenience sample of 57 physiotherapists, being 36 professionals (13 of these also professors) and 21 students from the last semester of the physiotherapy course. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed by the method of principal components. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed by the method of maximum likelihood. The total score of the answers in the test and retest was evaluated, totalling 228 observations. Reliability was assessed by means of internal consistency, using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Results Reliability was satisfactory (α 0.81) for all questions of the instrument. The coefficient α calculated for the corrected item-total showed values higher than 0.20 except for item 9. Preliminary tests for Exploratory Factor Analysis showed acceptable values with Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO = 0.80) and Bartlett’s test of sphericity [chi-square (78) = 1149.615, p < 0.001], indicating that the correlations were sufficient for analysis. The analysis revealed the presence of 3 factors (eigenvalues> 1), which explains 60.9% of the instrument’s total variance. In Confirmatory Factor Analysis, none of the indices came close to an acceptable level (≥ 0.90), however, the second model which tested a three-factor structure provided a better fit to the data. From the results of this study the Modified Fresno Test short version was drawn. Conclusion The analysis showed good factor validity and adequate internal consistency for the use of the instrument consisting of 13 questions and 3 factors. This model proved to be better than the original model. The short version consisting of 9 questions may be an appropriate alternative for use in the population of interest.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Factor Structure of the Persian Scale of Coping With Carver Shortened Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-487
Author(s):  
Azam Hashemian Moghadam ◽  
◽  
Hamid Reza Agha Mohammadian Sharbaf ◽  
Mohammad Saeid AbdeKhodaei ◽  
Hossein Kareshki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Psychology ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Background and Aim: Coping with stress is one of the most important research areas in health psychology. Researching in this regard requires a tool with strong psychometric properties and validation in Iranian culture. The purpose of this study was to investigate the most commonly used short-scale factor structure, the Carver’s Brief Cope. Methods & Materials: This study was a cross-sectional and methodological study of test type. The statistical population consisted of all students studying at Birjand University in 1977-98. Sampling was available by the method. The condition for entry into the study was the experience of a stressor for at least 6 months. After receiving a medium or high score on the perceived stress level, 629 students completed the 28-question form. Data was analyzed using SPSS V. 15 and laser software V. 8.8. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine the factor structure of the questionnaire. A confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirming the factors. Reliability was established through retesting and internal consistency. Ethical Considerations: This study is part of a PhD. thesis, registered (Code: IR.UM.REC. 3/50099) at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Before entering the study, an informed consent was obtained from the subjects. Results: After confirming the face and content validity quantitatively and qualitatively, the exploratory factor analysis results after varimax rotation showed 55.139% of the total variance explained by the first eight factors with a higher than one specific value. However, in confirmatory factor analysis, the first two factors, 4 and 7, were omitted due to insufficient power to explain the present variables. Finally, the goodness-of-fit indices of the RMFIA, PFI, GFI, IFI, IFI, CFI, AGFI confirmed the fit of the six-factor structure with the data. Reliability of the instrument was also confirmed by internal consistency (α=0.73) and test-retest reliability (r=0.59). Conclusion: The highly abbreviated 6-item form of Carver’s Brief Cope showed good validity and reliability in the student sample and can be used in health psychology studies.

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