Sex Differences in Dimensions of Internal versus External Control

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary E. Dudley
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Causal Model ◽  
External Control ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Undergraduate College Students ◽  
Control Construct

This study investigated the dimensions of Rotter's internal-external control construct in 92 male and 108 female undergraduate college students. The findings contrast with others in that a sex difference in factor structure was observed. The confounding effects of the I-E inventory were brought into focus in viewing causality from a four element framework, as suggested by attribution theorists, as opposed to a two element causal model, assumed by Rotter.

Anonymity, Sex, and Weight-Preoccupation as Variables on the Eating Disorders Inventory with Normal College Students

1989 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 795-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara C. Szekely ◽  
Paul C. Raffeld ◽  
Greg Snodgrass
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Counseling Center ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Weight Preoccupation ◽  
Eating Disorders Inventory ◽  
Undergraduate College Students

The Eating Disorders Inventory was administered to 595 nonclinical male and female undergraduate college students in response to observations at the counseling center that an increasing number of students were seeking assistance for problems associated with binge eating. The purpose of the study was to identify a group with bulimic characteristics, and since secrecy is associated with bulimia, to compare students' responses when anonymous vs name-identified. Statistical analyses of the eight subscales of the inventory showed no significant differences by anonymity vs identification, but significant differences by sex and by weight-preoccupation existed.

Relationship between Machiavellianism, External Control, and Cognitive Style among College Students

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 805-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Maroldo ◽  
L. C. Flachmeier ◽  
L. K. Johnston ◽  
J. L. Mayer ◽  
M. I. Peter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
External Control ◽  
Multiple Correlation ◽  
Object Sorting ◽  
Sorting Test

This experiment determined relationships between Machiavellianism, locus of control, and cognitive style. 115 subjects, 56 males, 59 females, ages 18 to 21, were selected from Interim students at Texas Lutheran College, Seguin, Texas. The M Mach IV test measured Machiavellian tendencies. The I-E scale measured external attitudes. The Object Sorting Test measured categorizing style and cognitive structure by having subjects divide 50-word representations into groups. A significant correlation for all subjects was found between M Mach IV and I-E, none between M Mach IV and Object Sorting or between I-E and Object Sorting. No sex differences were noted. A multiple correlation among the three scores indicated some relationship between Machiavellianism, locus of control, and cognitive style.

scholarly journals Character Strengths and Academic Achievements of Undergraduate College Students of Guwahati, Assam

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Sabiha Alam Choudhury ◽  
Indranee P. Borooah
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Love Of Learning ◽  
University Level ◽  
Undergraduate College Students ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Core Characteristics

Character strengths, as conceptualised by the Values-In-Action (VIA) strengths classification system, are core characteristics of individuals that allow people to be virtuous (Seligman 2002). They are moral, intrinsically valuable, and ubiquitous traits that can be developed and enhanced. Social psychologists and sociologists consider achievements in college or university level, because of recognition and proper utilisation of the character strengths possessed by the individual students. The current study was conducted amongst 240 undergraduate college students of arts stream (60 males and 60 females) and science stream (60 males and 60 females) falling within the age group of 18-21 years, with the aim of finding out if the character strengths of the male and female undergraduate students are associated with their college academic achievements. It was found that significant correlation existed between appreciation of beauty and excellence, fairness, forgiveness, honesty, humour, kindness, love of learning and humility with the academic achievement of the students.

Sex Differences in Factorial Dimension of Verbal, Logical, Mathematical and Visuospatial Ability

1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-446
Author(s):  
Leslie Wormack
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Mathematical Ability ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Visuospatial Ability ◽  
Female College

The factor structure of verbal, logical, visuospatial, and mathematical ability was compared for responses from 52 male and 54 female college students. Separate verbal, quantitative, and visuospatial factors were isolated among males while compound verbal-mathematical-visuospatial and verbal-logical-field dependence factors were isolated among females. The data supported the hypothesis of sex-related differences in the factorial organization of verbal, mathematical, reading, writing, and visuospatial ability.

European Differences in Self-Perceived Multiple Intelligences

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tim Rakow ◽  
Ivan Sarmany-Schuller ◽  
Filip De Fruyt
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Verbal Iq ◽  
Sex Effects ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Culture Differences ◽  
Three Factor

In this study, 140 Belgian, 227 British, and 177 Slovakian students estimated their own multiple IQ scores as well as that of their parents (mother and father) and siblings (first and second brother and sister). Various factor analyses yielded a clear three-factor structure replicating previous studies. A sex × culture ANOVA on self-ratings of three factors that underline the seven intelligences (verbal, numerical, cultural) showed culture and sex effects as well as interactions. As predicted, males rated their own overall IQ, though not that of their parents or siblings, higher than females did. Males also rated their numerical IQ, but not their verbal or cultural IQ, higher than females did. There were few culture differences but many interactions, nearly all caused by Slovakian females, who rated aspects of their own and their fathers' IQ higher than Slovakian males, while the pattern for the Belgians was precisely the opposite. Participants believed their verbal IQ was higher than their numerical IQ and their cultural IQ. Males believed their verbal and numerical IQ score to be fairly similar, though much higher than their cultural IQ, while females believed their verbal IQ the highest, followed by numerical and cultural IQ. Females also believed they were more intelligent than both parents. Overall results showed consistency in the sex differences in ratings across cultures but differences in level of estimated IQ possibly as a result of cultural demands for modesty.

The Relationship of Compliance with Coping Strategies and Self-Esteem

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisli H. Gudjonsson ◽  
Jon Fridrik Sigurdsson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Summary: The Gudjonsson Compliance Scale (GCS), the COPE Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were administered to 212 men and 212 women. Multiple regression of the test scores showed that low self-esteem and denial coping were the best predictors of compliance in both men and women. Significant sex differences emerged on all three scales, with women having lower self-esteem than men, being more compliant, and using different coping strategies when confronted with a stressful situation. The sex difference in compliance was mediated by differences in self-esteem between men and women.

Sex Differences in Time Production Revisited

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Glicksohn ◽  
Yamit Hadad
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Internal Clock ◽  
Target Duration ◽  
Log P ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Time Production ◽  
T Score

Individual differences in time production should indicate differences in the rate of functioning of an internal clock, assuming the existence of such a clock. And sex differences in time production should reflect a difference in the rate of functioning of that clock between men and women. One way of approaching the data is to compute individual regressions of produced duration (P) on target duration (T), after log transformation, and to derive estimates for the intercept and the slope. One could investigate a sex difference by comparing these estimates for men and women; one could also contrast them by looking at mean log(P). Using such indices, we found a sex difference in time production, female participants having a relatively faster internal clock, making shorter time productions, and having a smaller exponent. The question is whether a sex difference in time production would be found using other methods for analyzing the data: (1) the P/T ratio; (2) an absolute discrepancy (|P-T|) score; and (3) an absolute error (|P-T|/T) score. For the P/T ratio, female participants have a lower mean ratio in comparison to the male participants. In contrast, the |P-T| and |P-T|/T indices seem to be seriously compromised by wide individual differences.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document