Relationship of 1977 State Suicide Rates to Population Increases and Immigration

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 856-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron Boor
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
Two Indices ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Relationship Of

The 1977 suicide rates of the 50 states and the District of Columbia were related significantly to their rates of population increase and immigration. These results, which were replicated with data from 1940, 1950, 1960, and 1970, provide additional support for Durkheim's hypothesized relationship between suicide rates and societal integration, since high rates of immigration and population increase are likely to characterize geographical areas with low social integration. As expected, crime rates and divorce rates were related significantly to suicide rates and to these two indices of social integration.

Divorce in contemporary Japan

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Fukurai ◽  
Jon Alston
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Divorce Rates

SummaryData from the 1985–86 Japanese census are analysed to explore the determinants of the divorce rates in Japan's forty-seven prefectures, using two theoretical models: (a) the social integration model, which is shown to have a greater utility in predicting Japanese divorce levels than (b), the human capital model. Female emigration patterns play a significant role in affecting the divorce rate. Population increase and net household income are also important predictors of the Japanese divorce rate and urbanization has a great influence in modern Japan. Demographic and aggregate variables such as migration, urbanization, and socioeconomic factors are useful when organized under a social integration model.

Domestic Integration and Suicide in the Provinces of Canada

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon A. Leenaars ◽  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Marriage Rates ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Social ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Over Time

Canada's rate of suicide varies from province to province. The classical theory of suicide, which attempts to explain the social suicide rate, stems from Durkheim, who argued that low levels of social integration and regulation are associated with high rates of suicide. The present study explored whether social factors (divorce, marriage, and birth rates) do in fact predict suicide rates over time for each province (period studied: 1950-1990). The results showed a positive association between divorce rates and suicide rates, and a negative association between birth rates and suicide rates. Marriage rates showed no consistent association, an anomaly as compared to research from other nations.

Challenges and lessons learned in the culture of Indian shrimp, Penaeus indicus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) in Hapas inside fertilized ponds in Mtwapa Creek, Kenya, 2009.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Wanjiru
Keyword(s):  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Coastal Aquaculture ◽  
Penaeus Indicus ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Additional Support

Abstract World capture fisheries are declining while demand for fish is increasing due to population increase and an upward trend in diet preference where fish is preferred over white meat. It is hoped that aquaculture will help meet this deficit. In Kenya, coastal aquaculture remains under-developed even though over 3900 hectares of land have been designated as suitable for aquaculture. This case study is based on a study where Indian shrimp (Penaeus indicus) were cultured for 106 days, in hapas, inside fertilized ponds at Majaoni in Mtwapa creek, Mombasa district, Kenya. The manures used for pond fertilization were chicken, urea and cow dung. No manure was added in the control treatment. Physical, chemical and biological water parameters were taken weekly, fortnightly and monthly, respectively. Growth performance of the shrimp in terms of weight (g) and length (mm) was monitored fortnightly. The mean growth rates ranged between 1.13 and 2.34% day-1 in the control and chicken manure treated ponds, respectively. The highest net yield (NFY Kg ha-1) and annual production (AP Kg ha-1 yr-1) achieved was 18.87 Kg ha-1 and 64 Kg ha-1 yr-1, respectively, in the cow dung-treated ponds. The data collected from this study formed part of the author's MSc thesis in Aquaculture at the University of Nairobi. A major part of the study was funded by Alcoa Foundation's Conservation and Sustainability Fellowship Program which supported the author as a Practitioner Fellow in 2008. Additional support was provided through the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA) small grant programme.

Social Areas and Durkheim's Theory of Suicide

1976 ◽  
Vol 38 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1313-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich V. Wenz
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Original Formulation ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Social Area

A reformulation of Durkheim's model of social integration and suicide rates was tested using social survey and census data for social area populations in Flint, Michigan. The hypothesis predicts: the more integrated a social-area population, the lower its suicide rate. It is concluded that the concept of social area defines an adequate unit of analysis for testing Durkheim's model, and the empirical data support Durkheim's original formulation.

Use of Age-Adjusted Suicide Rates in Time Series Studies in Canada

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 490-490
Author(s):  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Time Series Studies ◽  
Divorce Rates

For 1950–1985 age adjusted suicide rates were associated with marriage, birth, and divorce rates in Canada in the same way as were crude suicide rates.

Association of Suicide Rates of Elderly Persons with Fertility Rates

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Shah
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Proxy Measure ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Using Data

A negative correlation between societal suicide rates and social integration has been reported, but rarely specifically examined for suicide rates of the elderly although suicide rates of elderly persons are among the highest. The associations of suicide rates of elderly persons and fertility rates for 81 countries were examined using data from the World Health Organisation and United Nations. Fertility rates were considered a proxy measure for social integration. Multiple regression analysis indicated that suicide rates for males and females in the age bands 65–74 years and 75+ years were independently (negative) correlated with fertility rates. Fertility rates, as a measure of social integration, may interact with, modify and mediate the effect of cultural factors on suicide rates of elderly persons.

The social correlates of suicide in Hungary in the elderly

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 273-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Lester ◽  
F Moksony
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Social Correlates ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Social

SummarySocial indices of social integration, such as divorce, were more successful in predicting the suicide rates of the elderly in the provinces of Hungary than they were in predicting the suicide rates of young adults.

Time series regression results of suicide rates by social correlates for the USA and Northen Ireland

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lester ◽  
Peter S Curran ◽  
Bijou Yang
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Time Series Regression ◽  
Marriage Rates ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The People ◽  
The Usa

A time series analysis of suicide in Northen Ireland and the USA for 1960 to 1984 revealed different correlates. Whereas divorce rates predicted national suicide rates in the USA, birth and marriage rates predicted suicide rates in Northern Ireland.The major sociological theory proposed for understanding variations in national suicide rates was that of Durkheim. Durkheim proposed that two broad social characteristics were in large part responsible for the appearance of suicidal behaviour: social integration, the degree to which the people in a society were interconnected through social relationships, and social regulation, the degree to which the emotions and desires of people in the society were controlled and channeled by the social norms and customs.Durkheim argued that suicide would be common when social integration was very strong (altruistic suicide) or very weak (egoistic suicide) and when social regulation was very strong (fatalistic suicide) or very weak (anomic suicide). Later theorists have argued that Durkheim placed more emphasis than was warranted on very strong social integration and regulation. Johnson argued, for example, that suicide would be more common when social integration and regulation were weak.

Testing Durkheim's Theory of Suicide in Hungary

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 881-882
Author(s):  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Suicide Rates

Measures of domestic social integration which have been found to account for the time-series suicide rate in Hungary quite well also accounted for the time-series suicide rates of each province and for villages, towns, and cities.

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