Programmed Generalization of Dress Efficiency across Settings for a Severely Disturbed, Autistic Child

1983 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 871-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Fantuzzo ◽  
Craig S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Child ◽  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Group Home ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Primary Teaching ◽  
Natural Home ◽  
Withdrawal Design ◽  
Reinforcement Procedure

A seriously disturbed, autistic child residing in a community-based group home was studied. The primary objectives were to (1) bring deficient behavior under control in the group home setting, (2) train for generalization of acquired control to the natural home setting, and (3) shape the treatment program to fit the response expectations of the parents in the natural home. Efficiency in dressing was the targeted behavior, determined as the percentage of clothing the child had put on within a specified time limit. Effectiveness of the strategies were evaluated by using an ABAB withdrawal design to assure control and subsequent experimental conditions to program sequentially for generalization of the treatment effect to other staff and parents in the natural home setting. The primary teaching parent established clear control over dress efficiency by utilizing token reinforcers. This control was transferred effectively to other staff and parents in both group home and natural home setting. A negative reinforcement procedure was added to the token intervention to reduce dressing time effectively to match the parents' expectations for the child's dressing in the natural home setting.

Achievement Place: The Modification of Academic Behavior Problems of Delinquent Youths in a Group Home Setting

2020 ◽  
pp. 473-487
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Kirigin ◽  
Elery L. Phillips ◽  
Gary D. Timbers ◽  
Dean L. Fixsen ◽  
Montrose M. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Group Home ◽  
Academic Behavior ◽  
Home Setting

Effect of a Time-Slowing Suggestion on Performance Accuracy on a Perceptual Motor Task

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Baer
Keyword(s):  
Motor Task ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Performance Accuracy ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Withdrawal Design ◽  
Subjective Reports ◽  
Female Subjects

Three female subjects were hypnotized and played a video-tennis game under alternating control and experimental conditions in a within-subjects ABABAB withdrawal design. During control phases, subjects played the game under conditions of hypnotic relaxation. Prior to experimental phases a suggestion for subjective time-slowing, and ball-slowing, was presented. The initial presentation of the time-slowing suggestion did not result in improved performance accuracy However, for all subjects, the second and third presentation of the suggestion resulted in significantly more longer volleys during experimental periods as compared to control periods. Possible explanations of the processes underlying improved performance accuracy are discussed in light of the subjective reports of the participants.

Behavioural Psychotherapy in Natural Homesettings: an Empirical Study Applied to Conduct Disordered and Incontinent Children

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Herbert ◽  
Dorota Iwaniec
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Behaviour Modification ◽  
Therapeutic Method ◽  
Conduct Disordered ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Natural Home

A therapeutic method (behavioural casework) based upon behaviour modification and self-help principles, is described with regard to incontinence and conduct problems, both being categories of social problems which loom large in the consciousness of clinical psychologists, psychiatrists and social workers. Procedures as used in the clinical agency, but more particularly in the natural home setting, are detailed and the results (which are very encouraging) tabulated.

Success of Covert Negative Reinforcement is Not the Result of Operant Conditioning

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-961
Author(s):  
Robert Zemore ◽  
Brent Ramsay ◽  
Judith Zemore
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Noxious Stimulus ◽  
Escape Conditioning ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Reinforcement Procedure

In the covert negative reinforcement procedure, a client is asked to imagine an unpleasant situation and then to imagine performing the adaptive response whose frequency the therapist-wishes to increase. According to Cautela, the imagined adaptive response should increase in frequency because of its association with the termination of the unpleasant image, just as escape-conditioning leads to an increase in the frequency of a response that terminates a noxious stimulus. Using 27 college students who showed an aversion to harmless snakes, this investigation attempted to test Cautela's conditioning rationale by comparing covert negative reinforcement with a procedure containing all of the elements of covert negative reinforcement except for the theoretically essential pairing of the imagined unpleasant situation with the imagined adaptive response. Self-report and behavioral measures of snake aversion indicated no consistent differences in the effectiveness of these two treatments, although both treatments were significantly more effective than no treatment. Over-all, the results of this experiment were interpreted as contradicting the escape-conditioning explanation of covert negative reinforcement.

scholarly journals A Case Study of the Identity Development of an Adolescent Male with Emotional Disturbance and 48, XYYY Karyotype in an Institutional Setting

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Rausch
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Emotional Disturbance ◽  
Group Home ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
The Individual

The goal of this study was to utilize a phenomenological case study design to investigate the individual and social identity development of an adolescent male who had been placed in a high-security group home setting. The participant had been identified with emotional disturbance (ED), and 48, XYYY karyotype. The participant described his social and emotional development as being impacted by his environment, his level of personal control, and his view of the future.

scholarly journals 513. Transmission of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a Community-Based, Residential Care Setting: Nevada, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S248-S248
Author(s):  
Danica Gomes ◽  
Ana Bardossy ◽  
Andrew Gorzalski ◽  
Heather Holmstadt ◽  
Sandra Larson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Care ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Group Home ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Community Based ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Daily Care

Abstract Background Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing organisms (KPCOs) are often multidrug-resistant, and the KPC resistance determinant can be transmitted between bacteria. KPCOs are associated with healthcare facility exposures; identification in community-based, residential care settings is uncommon. In September 2018, the Washoe County Health District was notified of a KPC-producing Escherichia coli from a group home (GH) resident. We investigated the source of this KPCO and evaluated transmission in the GH. Methods A case was defined as detection of KPCO from a GH resident or staff from June 1 to November 30, 2018. Staff included caregivers who provided daily care (including toileting, bathing, feeding) and visiting healthcare workers. Residents and staff were offered KPCO screening to assess colonization status. Exposures were assessed by medical record review and interviews. Genetic relatedness of KPCOs was evaluated by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Infection prevention and control (IPC) practices were reviewed. Results Overall, six cases were identified, including the index, two of seven staff screened and three of six residents screened. Three residents with KPCOs had recent hospitalizations and shared a bathroom in the GH; one overlapped on the same hospital unit as a patient with KPC-producing Klebsiella oxytoca. Staff with KPCOs were caregivers who had extensive contact with residents and their environment and no IPC training. Gaps in hand hygiene and environmental cleaning were observed. Organism was recovered from 4 positive screening tests as well as from blood cultures from the index case; all were KPC-producing E. coli. WGS showed that the five E. coli isolates were closely related, consistent with transmission, and harbored the same KPC variant as the K. oxytoca. No new cases occurred after IPC was improved. Conclusion A GH resident likely acquired KPCOs during a recent hospitalization, and extensive transmission among GH residents and staff occurred. Factors contributing to transmission included resident dependence on caregivers for daily care and minimal IPC knowledge among caregivers. Facilities with similar populations should increase IPC training to prevent transmission of resistant pathogens. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

The effects of staff self-management on positive social interactions in a group home setting

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Doerner ◽  
Raymond G. Miltenberger ◽  
Joel Bakken
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Group Home ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Home Setting

A Comparison of Treatment Environments in Community-Based Group Homes for Adolescent Offenders

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTHA M. BEDLINGTON ◽  
CURTIS J. BRAUKMANN ◽  
KATHRYN A. RAMP ◽  
MONTROSE M. WOLF
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Group Home ◽  
Group Homes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Treatment Quality ◽  
Adolescent Offenders ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Differential Outcomes ◽  
Community Based Programs ◽  
The Family

Evaluations of community-based programs for delinquents have usually addressed differential outcomes or cost-efficiency, but generally ignored the treatment environments themselves. Yet milieu characteristics are important in assessing treatment quality. The present research examined several environmental dimensions in 11 group home programs. Teaching-Family programs scored significantly higher on observational and self-report measures of staff-youth relationships and interactions, staff teaching activities and disapproval of deviance, the family-likeness and pleasantness of the program atmosphere, and the extent of prosocial behavior displayed by the participants. Several of the measures were significantly negatively correlated with self-reported delinquency. The results suggest that, contrary to some stereotypes, behavioral programs can be pleasant, positive, and familylike while offering structured treatment.

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