Rotter's Locus of Control Scale: A Ten-Item Two-Factor Model

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1267-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eamonn Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Sex Bias ◽  
Political Control ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Two Factors

The reported dimensionality of Rotter's Locus of Control Scale has ranged from 1 to 9 factors; however, most studies report a two-factor solution. Making an analysis across diverse populations, 10 items were identified as consistent across populations producing a two-factor model (personal and political control). A series of exploratory factor analyses ( N = 123), applying parallel analysis as the main extraction heuristic, indicated that the full 23-item and 10-item versions of Rotter's scale produced a two-factor model. When compared to the full 23-item version of the Rotter scale, the two factors of the 10-item version were shown to have no sex bias and the personal control scale showed a stronger association to feelings of being worn out than the full Rotter scale. In addition, political control and not personal control increased with age.

Further Considerations of the Multidimensionality and Factor Structure of the Rotter Locus of Control Scale

1987 ◽  
Vol 60 (3_part_2) ◽  
pp. 1059-1062
Author(s):  
Howard N. Anderson ◽  
Stephen Madonna ◽  
Glenda K. Bailey ◽  
Andrea L. Wesley
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Components Analysis

The present study was designed to determine the number and nature of factors involved in Rotter's I-E Scale and to examine the question of the multidimensionality of the scale. Subjects were 329 college undergraduates. Principal components analysis was performed on the 23 pertinent items of the scale, followed by Varimax rotation. Multiple criteria indicated a 10-factor solution which accounted for 61% of the total variance. The first two factors were strongly similar to those reported previously. Results support Rotter's (1975) contention that subclasses within the scale will vary from sample to sample.

Dispositional Greed Scales

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Marcel Zeelenberg ◽  
Terri G. Seuntjens ◽  
Niels van de Ven ◽  
Seger M. Breugelmans
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Parallel Analysis ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Kaiser Criterion

Abstract. In recent years, different scales have been developed to assess individual differences in dispositional greed. We report two studies ( N1 = 300, N2 = 1,000) on the comparative psychometric properties of these scales. We find that all scales are reliable and that they correlate highly, suggesting that all can be used to assess dispositional greed. Exploratory factor analyses, using the Empirical Kaiser Criterion, the Hull method, and Parallel Analysis as extraction methods, were done on the separate scales and all items together. These analyses reveal that there is quite some consistency in the scales, as in both studies a one-factor solution seems to describe the data best. These results imply that these different scales all assess dispositional greed, although the results also suggest that some items may be deleted from the scales.

Multidimensionality of Rotter's Locus of Control Scale

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. McInish ◽  
Mei Yan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Latent Root ◽  
Principal Factor ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Structure Index ◽  
Scree Test

McInish and Srivastava recently examined the multidimensionality of Rotter's Locus of Control Scale for common stock investors. Following principal-component analysis with a varimax rotation, these authors extracted nine factors using the scree test and the latent root criterion. Replication using the Very Simple Structure index yields a single-factor solution. Parkes' two-factor solution using the same Very Simple Structure technique is obtained only if principal-factor analysis is employed to obtain the initial factor pattern.

scholarly journals COPEWithME: The Role of Parental Ability to Support and Promote Child Resilient Behaviors During the COVID-19 Emergency

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Lucia Chiara Mariani Wigley ◽  
Eleonora Mascheroni ◽  
Francesca Bulletti ◽  
Sabrina Bonichini
Keyword(s):  
Health Interventions ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Parental Ability

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to lockdown in many countries and Italy was the first one interested in Europe. The lockdown strategy is an essential step to curb the exponential rise of COVID-19 cases, but it is very demanding for the population involved and especially for children and their families. The aims of the present study are: (a) to explore the psychometric properties of the COPEWithME questionnaire, a new tool to evaluate parents' ability to support and promote child resilient behaviors, (b) to investigate the relation between parents' resilience and their ability to support and promote child resilient behaviors with child resilience and child stress-related behaviors assessed during the COVID-19 outbreak. Participants (N = 158 mothers, with 6- to 11-years-old children, 53% female), who were volunteers and anonymous, filled out an online questionnaire composed by CD-RISC 25, PMK-CYRM-R, and COPEWithME. With regard to the COPEWithME, validation exploratory factor analyses revealed a one-factor solution of 18 items. The COPEWithME positively correlates both with mothers' resilience and with children's resilience. Mediation analysis showed that the association between mothers' resilience and children's stress-related behaviors was mediated by the mothers' ability to support and promote child resilient behaviors. The COPEWithME, to our knowledge, is the first measure of parents' ability to support and promote resilient behaviors in school-age children, a key parenting skill that may help children in dealing with stressful situations such as the COVID-19 outbreak. These findings represent useful insights to advance mental health interventions in the post-pandemic phases suggesting focusing on a family's resources and resilience processes.

scholarly journals Player Trait Questionnaires: An (In)Validation Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Hughes ◽  
Paul Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Player Experience ◽  
Conceptual Confusion ◽  
Conceptual Relationship

[Preprint Version] The player experience literature has many questionnaires to identify individual differences between digital game players. However, each is typically developed without reference to explicit conceptual underpinnings and its conceptual relationship to other questionnaires. This paper reports on a study where 11 such questionnaires were compiled into one 180-item survey. The analysis of responses (N = 1978) assesses individual questionnaires and compares across questionnaires through six analyses, including reliability analysis and both confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses. These showed only moderate support for the original questionnaire structures, and seemingly related subscales tended to measure unrelated concepts. An EFA of all 46 original subscales indicated a 9-factor solution, and a 180-item EFA a 19-factor solution, suggesting considerable conceptual confusion. Overall, there are concerning shortcomings in these questionnaires as instruments for measuring player differences. A more robust theoretical basis is needed to address the value of such questionnaires in advancing player experience research.

scholarly journals Development and validation of the Career Concern Inventory

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
Jinkook Tak ◽  
Green Lim ◽  
Eunhye Lee ◽  
Iljin Jung
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Career Commitment ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Career Concern ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Survey ◽  
Group 1

This study was intended to develop and validate the Korean version of the Adult Career Concern Inventory. 147 items and 19 factors of the inventory were obtained based on open-ended questionnaires. A preliminary on-line survey from 336 employees was carried to collect data. Exploratory factor analyses excluded two factors such as person-environment fit and hobby and resulted into 115 items and 17 factors. To test the validity of the career concern inventory, the main on-line survey was carried and the questionnares were collected from 1091 employees. In order to check cross-validity of the scale, the total group was divided into two sub-groups: Group 1, 546 employees, and Group 2, 545 employees. The results of confirmatory factor analyses of Group 1 showed that the 16-factor model fit the data better after the vision-on-the-job factor was eliminated together with some items, which finally resulted in 94 items and 16 factors. These 16 factors were as follows: 1) retirement, 2) career management, 3) work-family balance, 4) interpersonal relations, 5) turnover, 6) health, 7) job performance stress, 8) establishing a business, 9) indecisive attitude, 10) promotion, 11) economic issue, 12) service, 13) marriage issue, 14) work sustainability, 15) competence improvement, and 16) lack of professionalism. The career concern inventory was significantly correlated with various criteria such as performance, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, career satisfaction, career commitment, mental health, life satisfaction etc. Finally, implications and limitations of this study and the directions for future study were discussed.

scholarly journals Achievement motivation and locus of control of black university students

1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronel Erwee
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
University Students ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
External Locus ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
And Control

The objective of the study was to research the dimensionality of achievement motivation and locus of control in black university students. The Achievement Motivation Questionnaire (Pottas, Erwee, Boshoff & Lessing, 1980) and the Internal-External Locus of Control Scale (Rotter, 1966) were completed by 251 students. Three locus of control factors were extracted by means of principal factor analysis with varimax rotation, viz. Personal control, Political control, and Control over social relationships. The hypothesis that locus of control is a multi-dimensional construct was accepted. No significant sex differences occurred in the total scores obtained on the questionnaire. However, analyses of the subscales indicated that females seem to be more action-orientated, but believe that they can exert less control over political and world events than males. The hypothesis that locus of control and achievement motivation are two separate but interrelated constructs was supported. OpsommingDie doelwit van die studie was om die dimensionaliteit van swart studente se prestasiemotivering en lokus-van-kontrole na te vors. Die Prestasie-motiveringsvraelys (Pottas, Erwee, Boshoff en Lessing, 1980) en die Interne- Eksterne Lokus van Kontroleskaal (Rotter, 1966) is deur 251 studente voltooi. Drie lokus-van-kontrolefaktore, naamlik Persoonlike kontrole, Politieke kontrole en Kontrole oor interpersoonlike verhoudings, is deur middel van 'n hooffaktorontleding (met varimax-rotasie) onttrek. Die hipotese dat lokus-van- kontrole 'n multidimensionele konstruk is, is aanvaar. Geen beduidende geslagsverskille in die totaaltellings op die meetinstrumente het voorgekom nie. Analises van die subskale het egter aangetoon dat die vroue hulself as meer aksie-georienteerd beskou het, maar oortuig was dat hulle nie veel beheer oor politieke en wereldgebeure het nie. Die hipotese dat prestasiemotivering en lokus-van-kontrole twee afsonderlike maar verwante konstrukte is, is aanvaar.

PREVENTING PTSD: THE VALUE OF INNER RESOURCEFULNESS AND A SENSE OF PERSONAL CONTROL OF A SITUATION. IS IT A MATTER OF PROBLEM-SOLVING OR ANXIETY MANAGEMENT?

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham J. Ness ◽  
Norman Macaskill
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Life Threatening

The accounts of five subjects who survived life threatening experiences without the development of PTSD were examined, focusing on the coping strategies and cognitions described in these situations. The study aimed to determine whether there was a common pattern of response amongst subjects in these situations similar to the cognitive patterns described by the senior author of the previous case study (Ness & Macaskill, 2000) who survived a near drowning experience without the development of PTSD. In the search for common coping strategies all five respondents in the study completed the Locus of Control Scale (Rotter, 1966) and the Self-Control Schedule (Fisher & Reason, 1988). All five respondents demonstrated the use of problem solving as their main cognitive strategy, utilizing specific information from their previous experience relevant to their life-threatening situation. Respondents did not appear to rely on coping strategies aimed at the management of acute anxiety symptomatology. There was no common pattern among respondents in profiles on the Self-Control Schedule or the Locus of Control Scale. The possible implications of this case series study are discussed in relation to opportunities for the prevention of PTSD, the use of debriefing and the treatment of post-traumatic stress.

scholarly journals Testing a New Tool Assessing Attitude Towards Treatment and Health in Primary Health Care Setting: Senior Patients and Doctors Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena A. Lazarewicz ◽  
Dorota Wlodarczyk ◽  
Joanna Chylinska ◽  
Mariusz Jaworski ◽  
Marta Rzadkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Senior Patients

Aims: Patients’ attitude towards treatment and health (ATH) is crucial for compliance at all stages of treatment. This study examined the psychometric properties of the developed PRACTA Attitude Towards Treatment and Health questionnaire, designed to measure ATH as perceived by seniors (PRACTA-ATH) and doctors (PRACTA-ATH-D) in primary health care. Methods: The data were collected in two waves of the Polish–Norwegian PRACTA project. Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) were conducted on wave 1 data from senior patients ( n = 3392) and their general practitioners ( n = 491). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were conducted on wave 2 data. This was a new sample of senior patients ( n = 2765) and a follow-up sample of doctors ( n = 393). Results: The EFAs showed that the 16-item four-factor solution is the best solution reflecting the structure of both seniors and doctors’ ATH questionnaires. The CFAs conducted to establish the best unified model for PRACTA-ATH and PRACTA-ATH-D indicated three comparatively good solutions: the 16-item four-factor solution, the 12-item four-factor solution and the 12-item five-factor solution. Conclusions: The questionnaire is found appropriate for use among patients and doctors, and can be used as a good tool to monitor older patients’ ATH and concordance between doctors and patients’ perspectives.

Development of the Trauma-Related Anger Scale

Assessment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1117-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor Sullivan ◽  
Russell T. Jones ◽  
Neil Hauenstein ◽  
Bradley White
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Excellent Internal Consistency ◽  
Moderate Relationship ◽  
Best Fit

Anger is a pervasive problem following traumatic events. Previous research has demonstrated a moderate relationship between anger and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), yet findings also highlight that anger has not been rigorously measured in the context of PTSD. Thus, this study concerns the development of a complimentary measure to assess anger in the context of PTSD. Participants were 435 undergraduate students. The participants were given a battery including the proposed scale and measures of trauma exposure, PTSD, anger, depression, anxiety, and social desirability. Exploratory factor analyses revealed a hierarchical, four-factor model provided the best fit to the data. The scale appeared psychometrically sound, with excellent internal consistency, good evidence of validity, and good model fit. This scale may provide implications for clinical work, specifically for the assessment and tracking of anger symptoms connected to PTSD. Additionally, this scale may assist with research by predicting treatment outcomes, aggression, and PTSD.

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