scholarly journals The Effects Of Wild Thyme (Thymus Serpyllum L.) Essential Oil Components Against Ochratoxin-Producing Aspergilli / Majčina Dušica (Thymus Serpyllum L.) I Njezine Komponente Protiv Okratoksikotvornih Vrsta Aspergillusa

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darja Sokolić-Mihalak ◽  
Jadranka Frece ◽  
Anita Slavica ◽  
Frane Delaš ◽  
Hrvoje Pavlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aspergillus Ochraceus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Wild Thyme ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Thymus Serpyllum

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of the essential oil of Thymus serpyllum L. and of its components thymol and total phenols (total phenolic content, TPC) extracted from the plant on the growth and mycotoxin production of Aspergillus ochraceus, A. carbonarius, and A. niger. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined for the essential oil and thymol, and selected concentration of the TPC extract inhibited fungal growth and ochratoxin A biosynthesis by more than 60 %, depending on the conditions and duration of incubation with the fungi. Essential oil showed the strongest inhibitory effect which may have been related to the synergistic or cumulative effects of its components

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antioxidant Characteristics of Zataria multiflora Boiss Essential Oil and Hydroalcoholic Extract of Rhus coriaria L.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mojaddar Langroodi ◽  
H. Tajik ◽  
T. Mehdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
Rhus Coriaria

Background: The increasing demand for natural preservatives results in their extended usefulness. The objective of the present study was to investigate the physicochemical and antioxidative characteristics of Rhus coriaria L. (sumac) fruit and comparison of its antioxidative and antibacterial activity with Zataria multiflora Essential Oil (ZEO) as native Iranian natural additives. Methods: Antioxidant activities of Z. multiflora Boiss and sumac were analyzed by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 2, 2'-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS). Reducing power tests were used for measuring antioxidant activity. Total phenolic content of extract and essential oil were studied as well. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) of a hydroalcoholic extract of sumac and ZEO against of Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes were studied. Statistical analysis of data was performed using the SPSS software. Results: The phenolic content in sumac extract (305.65 mg/g) was significantly (p˂0.05) higher than ZEO (179.42 mg/100 g). The highest level of antibacterial activity was demonstrated by ZEO with the MICs of 0.625 for S. Typhimurium and 1.25 mg/ml for L. monocytogenes. Conclusion: Sumac extract showed more potent antioxidative activity than ZEO. However, based on the results of antibacterial activity, ZEO had more potent than sumac extract, significantly.

scholarly journals Comparison of chemical compositions of essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) with use of Deryng and Clevenger apparatus

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Wesołowska ◽  
Monika Grzeszczuk ◽  
Dorota Jadczak
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Methyl Ether ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Distillation Apparatus ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Wild Thyme ◽  
Thymus Serpyllum

Abstract The aim of the studies conducted in 2012-2013 was to compare the chemical composition of essential oils isolated from wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) by hydrodistillation in Deryng and Clevenger apparatus. GC-MS analysis of the isolated oils revealed that carvacrol (42.81-45.24%), γ-terpinene (7.68-9.04%), β-caryophyllene (5.28-9.10%), β-bisabolene (5.76-6.91%) and carvacrol methyl ether (4.92-6.09%) were the major components of all the samples. On the basis of the obtained data it was proved that the type of distillation apparatus had no significant effect on the content of the main essential oil constituents of wild thyme. However, based on the means for both years of the study it was proved that hydrodistillation in Deryng apparatus was more effective for carvacrol concentration, while in Clevenger apparatus - for y-terpinene and carvacrol methyl ether concentration. The type of distillation apparatus had no significant effect on the content of the other essential oil constituents.

scholarly journals Gelatin-Based Edible Coating Combined with Mentha pulegium Essential Oil as Bioactive Packaging for Strawberries

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aitboulahsen ◽  
Said Zantar ◽  
Amin Laglaoui ◽  
Hicham Chairi ◽  
Abdelhay Arakrak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Bioactive Coating ◽  
Gelatin Coating

The effect of gelatin-based edible coating incorporated with Mentha pulegium essential oil (MEO) on physicochemical (pH, titratable acidity (TA), weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), and total phenolic content (TPC)), microbiological (total aerobic mesophilic flora (TAMF) and yeasts and moulds (YM)), and sensorial (color and firmness) characteristics of strawberries stored under refrigeration was studied. Strawberries were coated with gelatin alone (4%) and/or gelatin combined with two concentrations (0.5 and 1%) of MEO and stored at 4°C for 13 days. Gelatin coating and MEO combination significantly inhibited total flora and moulds and yeasts with comparison to control (uncoated strawberries) and had better hygienic quality at the end of storage. The effect was MEO concentration dependent. Our results also showed that the bioactive coating used in this investigation slowed down changes in pH, TA, weight loss, TSS, firmness, TPC, and color of strawberries. Gelatin coating incorporated with MEO at 1% protected at least 60% of strawberries from deterioration after 13 days of storage and could be used as bioactive packaging to prolong the shelf life and an alternative of pesticides use.

scholarly journals Antifungal Effects of Zataria multiflora Essential Oil on the Inhibitory Growth of some Postharvest Pathogenic Fungi

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-416
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh NASSERI ◽  
Hossein AROUIEE ◽  
Shiva GOLMOHAMMADZADEH ◽  
Mahmoud Reza JAAFARI ◽  
Hossein NEAMATI
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Aspergillus Ochraceus ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration

The present study aimed to determine minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration of the essential oil of Zataria multiflora to control Alternaria solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Aspergillus niger. The essential oil of Zataria multiflora was tested in vitro on PDA (malt extract agar medium) with eight concentrations: 0, 10, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 and 1000 ppm. This investigation followed the completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. GC-MS evaluations of the essential oil revealed that thymol (35%), carvacrol (34%), cymene-p (9.89%), gamma-terpinene (5.88%) and alpha-pinene (4.22%) were the main compounds of Zataria multiflora oil. The results showed that the essential oil of Zataria multiflora has antifungal activity; the lowest inhibition (75%) was observed in the A. niger, while the highest inhibition (95.3%) was observed in A. solani. Minimum inhibitory concentration for A. solani, R. solani, R. stolonifer, A. flavus, A. ochraceus and A. niger was 200, 200, 200, 300, 300 and 200 ppm respectively. In addition, the present results showed that minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) for A. solani, R. solani, R .stolonifer, A. niger and A.ochraceus was 600, 400, 300, 900 and 700 ppm respectively and none of the tested concentrations were fatal for A. flavus. A. solani and R. solani showed a strong sensitivity to Zataria multiflora essential oil at all concentrations. Findings of the current study suggest that essential oils of Zataria multiflora could be used for control of postharvest phytopathogenic fungi on fruits or vegetables.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of beebread, and its influence on the glioblastoma cell line (U87MG)

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Markiewicz-Żukowska ◽  
Sylwia K. Naliwajko ◽  
Emilia Bartosiuk ◽  
Justyna Moskwa ◽  
Valery Isidorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Glioblastoma Cell Line ◽  
Glioblastoma Cell ◽  
Acid Fermentation

Abstract Beebread is processed pollen stored in the cells of the honeycomb, with the addition of various enzymes and honey, which undergoes lactic acid fermentation. Ethanolic extracts (EBBs) were obtained from three different samples of beebread from Poland. Assays were carried out for the determination of chemical composition (GC/MS), for the total phenolic content, and for the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The effects of beebread extracts (10, 20, 30, 50, 100 μg/mL) on the viability of the glioblastoma cell line (U87MG) were studied after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Our results indicated a time-dependent inhibitory effect on the viability of U87MG cells treated EBB. The main inhibitory effect of EBB was observed after 72 h; EBB treatment decreased cell viability to 49 - 66%.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil against Aspergillus flavus

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Martinazzo ◽  
Filipe Da Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Eduardo de Souza Teodoro
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Corn Kernels

The search for alternatives for the control of microbiological contamination in foods has been the object of study in different scientific areas. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil in controlling the growth of the fungus Aspergillus flavus in three types of analysis: first, by in vitro tests, in essential oil doses between 0.2 and 1.0 μL/ml; second, by serial microdilution to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration, in doses between 0.1 and 1.2 μL/mL; and third, by inhibition of fungal growth in corn kernels contaminated using essential oil doses of 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 μL/mL, in the incubation times of 14, 28, and 42 days. The in vitro tests showed that the essential oil controlled the fungus from doses of 0.6 μL/mL, but the dose of 1.0 μL/mL controlled 100% growth until day eight of incubation, from which it decreased. The minimum inhibitory concentration for the microdilution analysis was 0.9 μL/mL. The evaluation of the corn kernels for all doses of essential oil and times tested showed 100% inhibition of the fungal growth.

scholarly journals Combined effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum blume essential oil and nystatin on Candida albicans growth and micromorphology

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Dias de Castro ◽  
Edeltrudes De Oliveira Lima ◽  
Irlan De Almeida Freires ◽  
Livia Araújo Alves
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Synergism ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Individual Agent

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">Introduction: The combination of a natural product and a synthetic antifungal may lead to a lower dose of each individual agent and </span><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">consequent reduction of adverse effects and greater pharmacological synergism. Objective: This study investigated the antifungal</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">activity of the essential oil (EO) from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume alone and combined with nystatin on Candida albicans growth </span><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">and micromorphology. Methodology: We determined the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Fractional Inhibitory Concentration </span><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">Index (FIC) and the effect of the EO alone and combined with nystatin on the growth kinetics and production of virulence-related </span><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">structures by the yeasts, such as pseudohyphae and chlamydoconidia. Results: When tested alone, the EO from C. zeylanicum and</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">nystatin showed MIC of 312.5 μg/ml and 64 μg/ml, respectively. When combined, MIC values decreased to 39 μg/ml and 32 μg/</span><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">ml for the EO and nystatin, respectively. The value of the Fractional Concentration Index (FIC) was 0.6024, indicating additivity. It </span><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">could be observed that at all concentrations the products tested alone and in combination were able to reduce the number of CFU/</span><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">mL, when compared to the control group (p<0.0001) from 30 min. In addition, both the products alone and combined inhibited </span><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">production of pseudohyphae and chlamydoconidia compared to the control. Conclusion: The combination between the essential oil</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">from C. zeylanicum and nystatin potentiated the inhibitory effect on C. albicans growth. Furthermore, it reduced the production of </span><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">pathogenicity-related morphological structures such as pseudohyphae and chlamydoconidia.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 15.555556297302246px; line-height: 23.33333396911621px;">Key-words: Cinnamomum zeylanicum. Nystatin. Essential Oil. Natural Product. Drug synergism.</span></p>

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rowher, Ocotea puberula (Rich.) Nees and Cinnamodendron dinisii Schwanke essential oils

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mezzomo ◽  
T.L. Sausen ◽  
N. Paroul ◽  
S.S. Roman ◽  
A.A.P. Mielniczki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Biological Interest ◽  
Penicillium Crustosum

AbstractBiocompounds are promising tools with the potential to control pathogenic microorganisms. The medicinal plant species Ocotea odorifera, Ocotea puberula and Cinnamodendron dinisii, distributed along Brazilian biomes, are sources of chemical compounds of biological interest. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of the essential oils of O. odorifera, O. puberula and C. dinisii essential oils upon the mycotoxin producers Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium crustosum. The essential oils where characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (CG-MS). The majority compounds identified were: safrol (39.23%) and camphor (31.54%) in O. odorifera, Beta-caryophyllene (25.01%) and spathulenol (17.74%) in O. puberula, and bicyclogermacrene (23.19%) and spathulenol (20.21%) in C. dinisii. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of antifungal activity considered diameters higher than 10 mm after 72 h of incubation at 30 ºC. A. alternata presented higher resistance to O. odorifera and C. dinisii oils. The inhibitory effect of O. odorifera on A. flavus showed stabilization at oils concentrations between 50% and 80%, increasing at 90% and 100% (pure oil) treatments. We observed that the essential oils of O. odorifera and C. dinisii have potential in the control of the analyzed fungi species. The essential oil of O. odorifera presented a better activity in all the assays, which can be related to the presence of safrole and phenylpropenes, compounds with known antifungal activity.

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