scholarly journals Effect of Selected Friction Stir Welding Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Joints

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Kossakowski ◽  
W. Wciślik ◽  
M. Bakalarz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Material Hardness ◽  
Tool Rotation

AbstractThe article discusses the basic issues related to the technology of friction stir welding (FSW). A short description of technology is provided. The following section provides the analysis of effect of technological parameters (tool rotation and welding speed) on the mechanical properties of the prepared joint (strength, ductility, microhardness). In both cases the analysis refers to aluminum alloys (6056 and AA2195-T0). The comparative analysis showed the phenomenon of the increase in weld strength along with the increase in the rotational speed of the tool during welding. Similarly, with the increase in welding speed, an increase in weld strength was observed. Some exceptions have been observed from the above relations, as described in the article. In addition, examples of material hardness distribution in the joint are presented, indicating their lack of symmetry, caused by the rotational movement of the tool. The analyses were performed basing on the literature data.

Effect of welding parameters on mechanical properties and microstructure of friction stir welded brass joints

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
İnan Geçmen ◽  
Zarif Çatalgöl ◽  
Mustafa Kemal Bilici
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Rotation Speed ◽  
Tool Rotation

Friction stir welding is a method developed for the welding of high-alloy aluminum materials which are difficult to combine with conventional welding methods. Friction stir welding of MS 63 (brass) plates used different tools (tapered cylindrical, tapered threaded cylindrical), tool rotational speeds (1040, 1500, 2080 rpm) and traverse speeds (30,45,75,113 mm.min−1). Tensile, bending, radiography and microstructure tests were carried out to determine the mechanical properties of brass plates joined by friction stir welding technique. Microstructure characterization studies were based on optical microscope and SEM analysis techniques. In addition, after joining operations, radiographs were taken to see the internal structure failure. Brass sheets were successfully joined to the forehead in the macrostructure study. In the evaluation of the microstructure, it was determined that there were four regions of base metal, thermomechanically affected zone (TMEB), heat-affected zone (HAZ) and stir zone. In both welding tools, the weld strength increased with increasing tool rotation speed. The particles in the stir zone are reduced by increasing of the tool rotation speed. Given the strength and % elongation values, the highest weld strength was achieved with tapered pin tool with a tool rotation speed of 1040 rpm and a tool feed speed of 113 min−1.

Study the Role of Friction Stir Welding Tilt Angle on Microstructure and Hardness

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.A.D. Hamid ◽  
A.A. Roslee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Rotation Speed ◽  
Tool Pin ◽  
Tool Rotation

This paper presents an investigation of research objectives on the effect of tilt angle on microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar aluminum alloy sheets between AA5083 and AA6061, 5mm plates by using Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process in butt joint. The base materials of AA5083 and AA6061 were located on the retreating side (RS) and advancing side (AS), respectively. The welding process and the welding parameters such as tool pin profile, tool rotation speed, welding speed and tilt angle influenced the mechanical properties of the Friction Stir Welding joints significantly. For this experiment, the Friction Stir Welding materials joined under five different tilt angles (from 0oto 4o) with 86mm/min of welding speed and 910 rpm of tool rotation speed which were set similarly. Microscopic examination on the weld samples showed significant variation in the microstructure especially in the region of heat-affected zone (HAZ), weld nugget or dynamically recrystallized zone (DXZ) and in the base metal.

Mechanical Property of Friction Stir Welded Retardant Magnesium Alloy Joint

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 1929-1932
Author(s):  
Yi Min Tu ◽  
Ran Feng Qiu ◽  
Hong Xin Shi ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Ke Ke Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Friction Stir

In order to obtain better understanding of the friction stir weldability of the magnesium alloy and provide some foundational information for improving mechanical properties of retardant magnesium alloy joints. A retardant magnesium alloy was weld using the method of friction stir welding. The influence of welding parameters on the strength of the joint was investigated. The maximum strength of 230 MPa was obtained from the joint welded at the tool rotational speed of 1000 r/min and welding speed of 750 mm/min.

Influence of Tool Rotational Speed on the Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Al-Cu-Li Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 228-231
Author(s):  
Ho Sung Lee ◽  
Ye Rim Lee ◽  
Kyung Ju Min
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Mechanical And Microstructural Properties ◽  
Tool Rotation

Aluminum-Lithium alloys have been found to exhibit superior mechanical properties as compared to the conventional aerospace aluminum alloys in terms of high strength, high modulus, low density, good corrosion resistance and fracture toughness at cryogenic temperatures. Even though they do not form low-melting eutectics during fusion welding, there are still problems like porosity, solidification cracking, and loss of lithium. This is why solid state friction stir welding is important in this alloy. It is known that using Al-Cu-Li alloy and friction stir welding to super lightweight external tank for space shuttle, significant weight reduction has been achieved. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of friction stir tool rotation speed on mechanical and microstructural properties of Al-Cu-Li alloy. The plates were joined with friction stir welding process using different tool rotation speeds (300-800 rpm) and welding speeds (120-420 mm/min), which are the two prime welding parameters in this process.

Effects of welding speeds on the microstructural and mechanical properties of AZ91D Mg alloy by friction stir welding

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagabhushan Kumar Kadigithala ◽  
Vanitha C
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Az91d Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Transverse Tensile

PurposeThe main purpose of the present work is to evaluate, the microstructural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded plates of AZ91D magnesium alloy with 3 mm thickness, and to determine the optimum range of welding conditions.Design/methodology/approachMicrostructure and fractographic studies were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Vickers micro hardness test was performed to evaluate the hardness profile in the region of the weld area. The phases in the material were confirmed by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Transverse tensile tests were conducted using universal testing machine (UTM) to examine the joint strength of the weldments at different parameters.FindingsMetallographic studies revealed that each zone shown different lineaments depending on the mechanical and thermal conditions. Significant improvement in the hardness was observed between the base material and weldments. Transverse tensile test results of weldments had shown almost similar strength that of base material regardless of welding speed. Fractographic examination indicated that the welded specimens failed due to brittle mode fracture. Through these studies it was confirmed that friction stir welding (FSW) can be used for the welding of AZ91D magnesium alloy.Research limitations/implicationsIn the present study, the welding speed varied from 25 mm/min to 75 mm/min, tilt angle varied from 1.5° to 2.5° and constant rotational speed of 500 rpm.Practical implicationsMagnesium and aluminum based alloys which are having high strength and low density, used in automotive and aerospace applications can be successfully joined using FSW technique. The fusion welding defects can be eliminated by adopting this technique.Originality/valueLimited work had been carried out on the FSW of magnesium based alloys over aluminum based alloys. Furthermore, this paper analyses the influence of welding parameters over the microstructural and mechanical properties.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Annealed Pure Copper Joints

2013 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 346-351
Author(s):  
Salar Salahi ◽  
Vahid Rezazadeh ◽  
Atabak Iranizad ◽  
Ali Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Amir Safari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Rotation Speed ◽  
Tool Rotation

As a novel technique for joining materials, friction stir welding (FSW) has significant advantages over the conventional welding methods and is widely applied for joining different materials including aluminum, magnesium and copper alloys. In this research, the mechanical and microstructural characteristics of friction stir welded annealed pure copper joints were investigated. The influence of the tool rotation speed, welding speed and applied load was studied. The friction stir welding (FSW) was conducted at welding speed ranged from 30 to 70 mm/ min, rotation speed ranged from 400 to 1200rpm and applied load ranged from 1000 to 1500 kg. After welding process, tensile and Vickers hardness tests were performed. It has been found that increasing the tool rotational speed and/or reducing the welding speed increases heat input and causes grain coarsening in stir zone. High applied load refines the microstructure of NZ and increases the hardness and tensile strength of NZ. An optimum heat input condition was found to reach the best mechanical properties of the joints. The tensile characteristics of the friction stir welded tensile samples depend significantly on the tool rotation speed ,welding speed and applied load.

An Optimized Method for Choosing Friction Stir Welding Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 706-708 ◽  
pp. 431-434
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Li Yang Xie ◽  
Li Hui ◽  
Ping Yun Li ◽  
Jun Gang Ren
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Weld ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Dissimilar Friction Stir Weld ◽  
Strength Effect

Effect of rotating speed and welding velocity on properties of 6063-3A21 dissimilar Friction Stir weld was experimental studied, results show that too high or too low welding velocity will result in a decrease of the weld strength; effect of rotating speed on weld strength is relatively small. An optimized method for Choosing Friction Stir Welding parameters was proposed, which include three steps, first, fix a rotating speed through experimental analysis; and then find out reasonable ranges of v/w; finally work out the optimized welding speed range.

scholarly journals Influence of Welding Speed on Fracture Toughness of Friction Stir Welded AA2024-T351 Joints

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1561
Author(s):  
Miodrag Milčić ◽  
Dragan Milčić ◽  
Tomaž Vuherer ◽  
Ljubica Radović ◽  
Igor Radisavljević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Rotation Speed ◽  
Tool Rotation

In order to ensure a quality welded joint, and thus safe operation and high reliability of the welded part or structure achieved by friction stir welding, it is necessary to select the optimal welding parameters. The parameters of friction stir welding significantly affect the structure of the welded joint, and thus the mechanical properties of the welded joint. Investigation of the influence of friction stir welding parameters was performed on 6-mm thick plates of aluminum alloy AA2024 T351. The quality of the welded joint is predominantly influenced by the tool rotation speed n and the welding speed v. In this research, constant tool rotation speed was adopted n = 750 rpm, and the welding speed was varied (v = 73, 116 and 150 mm/min). By the visual method and radiographic examination, imperfections of the face and roots of the welded specimens were not found. This paper presents the performed experimental tests of the macro and microstructure of welded joints, followed by tests of micro hardness and fracture behavior of Friction Stir Welded AA2024-T351 joints. It can be concluded that the welding speed of v = 116 mm/min is favorable with regard to the fracture behavior of the analysed FSW-joint.

scholarly journals STUDY OF EFFECT OF FRICTION STIR WELDING PARAMETERS ON IMPACT ENERGY OF AA7075-T6

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Duong Dinh Hao ◽  
Tran Hung Tra ◽  
Vu Cong Hoa
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Notched Specimens ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tool Rotation

The influences of the tool rotation speed (denoted w) and the welding speed (denoted v) on the impact energy at the representative zones in the friction stir welding (FSW) of AA7075-T6 were investigated. Here, the standard V–Notched specimens were applied in which the notches were addressed at the stirred zone (SZ), the heat affected zones (HAZ) in both the advancing side and the retreating side and the mixed zone (MZ). The experimental results showed that, in all cases, the lowest impact energy is located at the stirred zone and that energy seems to be increased from the SZ to the HAZ across the welding. Furthermore, it is also found that the impact energy is decreased when the ratio of rotation speed to welding speed (w/v) is increased. The microstructure, the temperature distribution, and the hardness in and around the welded zone were considered and discussed.

Friction Stir Welding of Oxygen Free Copper and 60%Cu-40%Zn Copper Alloy

2008 ◽  
Vol 580-582 ◽  
pp. 447-450
Author(s):  
Hwa Soon Park ◽  
Byung Woo Lee ◽  
Taichi Murakami ◽  
Kazuhiro Nakata ◽  
Masao Ushio
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Tool Rotation

The mechanical properties of the friction stir welds of the oxygen free copper (OFC) and 60%Cu-40%Zn copper alloy(60/40 brass) were investigated. The defect-free welds were obtained in a relatively wide range of welding conditions; the tool rotation speed had rpm of 1000 to 2000 in the OFC and 1000 to 1500 in the 60/40 brass, with the welding speed of 500 to 2000 mm/min. The SZ hardness values of the OFC welds were almost the same or slightly lower than those of the base metal. However, the SZ hardness values of the 60/40 brass in all welding conditions were much higher than those of the base metal. The SZ hardness values of both metals increase with a decrease in heat input. The tensile properties of the all-SZ showed relative correspondence to the variation of the SZ hardness values.

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