scholarly journals Animal Fats in Rabbit Feeding – A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1185-1215
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gugołek ◽  
Dorota Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Pork Lard ◽  
Poultry Fat ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to overview the history of feeding rabbits with different types of animal fats, and to discuss their effects on rabbit performance and quality of their products. Other aspects of the inclusion of various animal fats in rabbit diets are also described. This article is based on the analysis of relevant scientific literature and presents animal fats fed to rabbits, such as beef tallow, butter, pork lard, poultry fat, fish oil, krill oil, oil extracted from insect larvae, mixtures of various animal fats, and mixtures of animal and vegetable fats. The reported papers describe the effect of fats on growth performance, lactation, rearing performance, meat quality, and health status of rabbits. It is notable that in many cases, various animal fats were often an integral part of numerous diets or were included in control diets. The presented information demonstrates that animal fat can be fed to rabbits at 2–4% of the diet without negative effects on reproductive performance, growth performance and quality of meat obtained. Rabbits were used as model animals in many studies in which fat was added to balance the diets and to increase their energy value, especially when investigating various cardiovascular and obesity-related diseases.

scholarly journals Not all biases are bad: equitable and inequitable biases in machine learning and radiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam Pot ◽  
Nathalie Kieusseyan ◽  
Barbara Prainsack
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Human Decision

AbstractThe application of machine learning (ML) technologies in medicine generally but also in radiology more specifically is hoped to improve clinical processes and the provision of healthcare. A central motivation in this regard is to advance patient treatment by reducing human error and increasing the accuracy of prognosis, diagnosis and therapy decisions. There is, however, also increasing awareness about bias in ML technologies and its potentially harmful consequences. Biases refer to systematic distortions of datasets, algorithms, or human decision making. These systematic distortions are understood to have negative effects on the quality of an outcome in terms of accuracy, fairness, or transparency. But biases are not only a technical problem that requires a technical solution. Because they often also have a social dimension, the ‘distorted’ outcomes they yield often have implications for equity. This paper assesses different types of biases that can emerge within applications of ML in radiology, and discusses in what cases such biases are problematic. Drawing upon theories of equity in healthcare, we argue that while some biases are harmful and should be acted upon, others might be unproblematic and even desirable—exactly because they can contribute to overcome inequities.

scholarly journals Modern trends in the formation of the quality system of higher education

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 09013
Author(s):  
Gulsharat Minazheva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Quality Assurance System ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Assurance System ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of

The trеnds in the formation, dеvеlopmеnt of the quality assurance systеm of еducation, rеvеals the prеrequisites for the creation and theoretic-pedagogical basis of the formation of the quality assurance system of education, and the history of the development of mechanisms to ensure the quality of higher education are considered in the article. The world integration processes, the international practice of forming a national system for ensuring the quality of higher education are considered. The chronology of reforms and transformations taking place in the field of education is also given. Based on a comparative-historical analysis of the formation of the quality assurance system of higher education in European countries, two periods are identified and characterized: the period before the Bologna processes; period - after the Bologna processes. Based on the analysis of world experience, the division of the existing systems of assessment of higher education into different types is shown.

scholarly journals Evaluation of mulberry (Morusalba) leaves as a concentrate substitute in rabbit diet: effect on growth performance and meat quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1136-1141
Author(s):  
Kamran KHAN ◽  
Inam ULLAH ◽  
Nazir Ahmad KHAN ◽  
Sarzamin KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Diet Control

Mulberry (Morus alba) leaves contain a high amount of digestible carbohydrates, protein and minerals, making it an attractive, natural, low-cost feed ingredient in rabbit rations. The present study evaluated the effect of stepwise replacement of a concentrate diet with wilted M. alba leaves on growth performance and meat quality of rabbits. Sixty indigenous rabbits (age, 36 ± 2 days) were assigned to 5 diets (12 rabbits per diet). The 5 diets consisted of a commercial concentrate diet (control; WML0), and stepwise replacement of the concentrate with 25% (WML25), 50% (WML50), 75% (WML75), and 100% (WML100) wilted M. alba leaves. Final body weight (1238 g/rabbit), and total (904.1 g/rabbit) and daily (18.8 g/day/rabbit) weight gains were higher (P < 0.05) in rabbits fed with WML50. The WML50 also supported the best (P < 0.05) feed to gain ratio (4.50). Moreover, higher (P < 0.05) reference carcass weight (571.7 g) and a higher dressing percentage (55.8%) were recorded for WML50. Composition of the diets did not alter (P > 0.05) meat pH, water release and cooking loss. In conclusion, M. alba successfully replaced 50% of concentrate in rabbit diet and supported a higher growth performance and carcass yield without negative effects on meat quality

Indigenous knowledge of mud architecture: experiences of surviving against multiple natural hazards

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imon Chowdhooree ◽  
Kanu Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of

Purpose Mud architecture as one of the expressions of vernacular architecture illustrates the success of indigenous knowledge of traditional communities. Due to the pressure of industrialization, urbanization and globalization, the trend of using non-traditional measures guided by the Western-Euro-centric knowledge and technologies considers the traditional practices as expressions of backward past, under-development and poverty. Though mud as a building material is usually assumed as a fragile and ephemeral material that cannot survive against natural hazards, the surviving traditional mud buildings are needed to be investigated to know their performances during and after different types of natural hazard incidents. Design/methodology/approach This paper intends to study the available cases of mud architecture of Chattogram, Bangladesh to trace the history of their survival despite of experiencing multiple natural hazards and to understand their status and prospect of resisting hazards. Three individual homesteads are chosen as cases for conducting physical survey as well as engaging inhabitants and local masons of the locality in semi-structured interviews in a story telling mode to know the construction process and histories of experiencing natural hazards. Available literatures are reviewed, and experts are interviewed to understand the causes of their performances and possible ways to improve the quality. Findings Collected information on mud architecture demonstrates their quality of surviving against many natural challenges and this hazard-resilient quality can be enhanced through using contemporary building technologies and materials, promising to co-exist with the global trend. Originality/value This study as an attempt to reinvent the vernacular architectural heritage endorses the need of appreciating indigenous knowledge for enhancing community resilience against natural hazards.

scholarly journals The Peer and Non-peer: the potential of risk management for HIV prevention in contexts of prostitution

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 7-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Silva Leite ◽  
Laura Murray ◽  
Flavio Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTSex workers have been the protagonists and focus of HIV prevention campaigns and research since the late 1980s in Brazil. Through a review of national and international literature, combined with a history of sex workers' involvement in the construction of the Brazilian response, this article explores the overlaps and disconnects between research and practice in contexts of prostitution over the past three decades. We review the scientific literature on the epidemiology of HIV among sex workers and prevention methodologies. We conclude that although research focus and designs often reinforce the idea that sex workers' vulnerability is due to their sexual relationships with clients, their greatest vulnerability has been found to be with their nonpaying intimate partners. Few studies explore their work contexts and structural factors that influence safe sex practices with both types of partners. The negative effects of criminalization, stigma, and exclusively biomedical and peer education-based approaches are well documented in the scientific literature and experiences of sex worker activists, as is the importance of prevention programs that combine empowerment and human rightsbased approach to reduce HIV infection rates. We conclude that there is a need for actions, policies, and research that encompass the environment and context of sex workers' lives and reincorporate the human rights and citizenship frame that dominated the Brazilian response until the end of the 2000s. As part of HIV prevention efforts, female sex workers need to be considered above all as women, equal to all others.

scholarly journals Reflection on COVID-19 Pandemic and Crisis Management Models in Tourism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Casal-Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Management Models ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

The contemporary history of tourism has been shaken by different types of crises as natural disasters, economic crises, terrorist attacks and pandemics, resulting in economic, political and social implications that impact the tourist destination, the volume and direction of tourist flows (Ritchie, 2008; Speakman and Sharpley, 2012). In early 2020, COVID-19 took the world by surprise, causing a worldwide pandemic in just a few months. The dimension of this outbreak coupled to the mobility that characterizes tourism in the 21st century, now raises a need for reflection on the arrising and control of future pandemics.  Several models of crisis management in tourism are presented in the scientific literature, however, all of generalist nature. It is urgent to examine and refine the existing crisis management models, since the models already developed have little specificity in the theme of pandemic crisis management in tourism.  

scholarly journals DEPRESSIONS, ANXIETY AND QUALITY OF LIFE AT PATIENTS WITH FIBRILLATION OF AURICLES

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Evsina ◽  
S. S. Jakushin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Persistent Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subclinical Depression

In study anxiety and depression in 112 patients with different types of atrial fibrillation determined that 55,4 % patients have this condition, including 13,4 % mild and moderate depression (in aggregate with anxiety – 10,7%), subclinical depression – 15,2% (in aggregate with anxiety – 10,7%), anxiety – 26,8%. This condition dominates in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation, makes worse clinical history of the disease, leads to recurrence attack, reduces quality of life.

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