scholarly journals Measuring change in longitudinal research on pragmatic competence: A multinomial logistic model

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-220
Author(s):  
Anna Szczepaniak-Kozak ◽  
Ewa Bakinowska ◽  
Katerina Strani
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Multinomial Distribution ◽  
Pragmatic Competence ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Model ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Measuring Change

SummaryThis paper focuses on pragmatic competence development in second or foreign language learners. In particular, it attempts to fill the significant research gap in measuring change in pragmatic competence and capturing pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic development over time. The paper proposes an innovative approach by applying a logistic model with multinomial distribution for measuring change in InterLanguage Pragmatics Research (ILP). Applied in the field of pragmatics, this statistical tool offers a comprehensive and flexible approach to modelling relations between independent and dependent variables in ILP research. The model is tested in a longitudinal study of Polish undergraduate students learning English, and specifically in the way they formulate requests by means of requestive directness strategies. The paper concludes that, regardless of time elapsing, the factors P (power distance) and D (social distance) have a highly significant influence on the use of requestive directness strategies by Poles learning EFL. Furthermore, the analysis indicates that the pragmatic output of Poles learning EFL is dependent on one more independent variable: the estimation of future social distance (F).

Information Literacy among Undergraduate Students in Nigeria

2016 ◽  
pp. 1314-1327
Author(s):  
Stella E. Igun ◽  
Jessa Precious Odafe
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
State University ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Needed Information ◽  
Information Literacy Skills

This paper examined information literacy skills among undergraduate students in Nigeria. The scope of the study covered two departments in Delta State University, Abraka namely: Library and Information Science and Guidance and Counselling. The study was limited to final year students of the two departments. The descriptive survey design was adopted for the study and the population was 517. 103 or 20% of the population of 517 were sampled for the study. 97 questionnaires were retrieved and used for the study. Simple percentage and frequency count statistical tool was used to analyze the data. The study found out that ability to use information effectively to accomplish a task, ability to recognize the needed information, ability to access the needed information effectively and efficiently and ability to evaluate information critically are the information literacy skills possessed by some of the undergraduate students in Nigeria. The study recommended that information literacy education and electronic/digital information skills should be included in the curriculum of the undergraduate students in the universities.

Mobile Voting Systems for Creating Collaboration Environments and Getting Immediate Feedback

2015 ◽  
pp. 2141-2158
Author(s):  
Svetlana Titova ◽  
Tord Talmo
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Student Response ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Student Response System ◽  
Immediate Feedback ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Foreign Language Learners

Mobile devices can enhance learning and teaching by providing instant feedback and better diagnosis of learning problems, helping design new assessment models, enhancing learner autonomy and creating new formats of enquiry-based activities. The objective of this paper is to investigate the pedagogical impact of mobile voting tools. The authors' research demonstrated that Student Response System (SRS) supported approaches influenced not only lecture design - time management, the mode of material presentation, activity switch patterns - but also learner-teacher interaction, student collaboration and output, formats of activities and tasks. SRS-supported lectures help instructors gradually move towards flipped classrooms and MOOC lecturing. The authors' analysis, based on qualitative and quantitative data collected from two student groups (56 undergraduate students) in the 2012-2013 academic year, showed that SRS supported lectures encouraged foreign language learners to produce more output in the target language, improved their intercultural competence and language skills and enhanced their motivation.

scholarly journals Rural Households’ Poverty and Relocation and Settlement: Evidence from Western China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Shuzhuo Li
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Model ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Western China ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chronic Poverty ◽  
Southern Shaanxi ◽  
Transient Poverty

Based on survey data collected from five counties across southern Shaanxi, China, the present study employs a multinomial logistic model to explore the main factors related to the type of poverty of rural households, particularly focusing on the role of relocation time, reason for relocation, and type of relocation. The results showed that three types of poverty, “voluntary poverty”, “transient poverty”, and “chronic poverty”, are distinguished by combining income and consumption criteria. Moreover, relocation and settlement programs contribute to a certain degree to these three kinds of poverty, and the effects vary according to the relocation characteristics. Specifically, those relocated long-term were more likely to be trapped in “voluntary poverty” and “chronic poverty”, whereas those relocated short-term were less likely to fall into “voluntary poverty” and “transient poverty”. The poverty alleviation and disaster-related resettlers were less likely to be trapped in “chronic poverty”, whereas centralized resettlers were less likely to be trapped in “voluntary poverty” and “chronic poverty”. Additionally, demographic characteristics, capital endowment variables, and geographical features are all important factors affecting rural households’ type of poverty. This study can serve as a reference for further resettlement practice in China and other developing countries.

Cultural intelligence and social distance among undergraduate students in clinical professions

2020 ◽  
pp. 136843022097547
Author(s):  
Ronen Segev ◽  
Shira Mor ◽  
Ronit Even-Zahav ◽  
Efrat Neter
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Cultural Intelligence ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Students First ◽  
Majority Students

Cultural competence, also known as cultural intelligence (CQ), is considered a necessary skill in the clinical professions and for resolving intergroup conflict, yet it has not been examined within the framework of the contact hypothesis. The aim of the present research is to extend CQ theory from management to the clinical professions and examine it in a context of intergroup conflict. The present study examined CQ and social distance among entering undergraduate majority (Jewish) and minority (Arab) students in clinical study domains, hypothesizing that CQ will be negatively associated with social distance towards outgroup members and that minority students will report higher CQ than majority students. First-year students ( N = 180) from diverse demographic and study domains (social work, nursing, behavioral sciences) were surveyed. The results reveal a novel negative association between CQ and outgroup social distance, and higher CQ among minority-group students. The finding that students from minority backgrounds were more receptive to intercultural exchange at the outset of their training suggests that CQ theory could be used in training and evaluation criteria of students entering clinical professional training.

scholarly journals Investigating the Influential Factors of Shared Travel Behavior: Comparison between App-Based Third Taxi Service and Free-Floating Bike Sharing in Nanjing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyang Du ◽  
Lin Cheng ◽  
Xuefeng Li ◽  
Jingzong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Competition Effect ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Taxi Service ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
The Government

In recent years, app-based third taxi service (ATTS) and free-floating bike sharing (FFBS) have become significant travel modes to satisfy travel demands of urban residents. In order to explore the mechanism of their modes selection, firstly, based on 595 valid samples, differences between ATTS and FFBS in original modes, travel distance, geographical position distribution, and travel emergency degree were compared. Then, a multinomial logistic model was established to investigate the factors influencing the choice among ATTS, FFBS, and traditional travel modes (TTM). The results show that: (1) FFBS attracts users whose original modes are walking, private bicycle and bus, while ATTS has a certain competition effect on cruising taxi and bus. (2) Residents are more likely to change from bus to FFBS on weekends, while this competitive relationship between ATTS and bus has no significant difference in different dates. (3) Compared with TTM, residents are more inclined to utilize shared modes to participate in flexible activities, especially in suburb. (4) Interestingly, ATTS is more likely to be utilized in emergency travel, and the residents without registered permanent residences tend to use FFBS and ATTS. Finally, some suggestions and policies were proposed for the government and enterprises to improve operation managements.

The Use of Mitigation Devices in Heritage Learners of Chinese

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-170
Author(s):  
Qiong Li ◽  
Haomin Zhang ◽  
Naoko Taguchi
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Pragmatic Competence ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Power Relationship ◽  
Heritage Learners ◽  
Chinese Speakers ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Post Hoc

This study investigated the pragmatic competence of Chinese heritage learners (CHLs) on the use of three Chinese-specific mitigation devices: Chinese sentence final particles (SFPs), yixia/xia “for a while”, and reduplication of verbs. Their performances were compared with those of foreign language learners of Chinese (CFLs) and native Chinese speakers (NSs). Twenty-three NSs and 60 Chinese language learners in the intermediate and advanced-level classes (31 CHLs and 29 CFLs) participated in the study. Participants completed a computerized written production task that included two types of situations (PD-low and high situations) based on two contextual factors: the power relationship (P) and social distance (D). The statistical findings showed no notable significant heritage advantage; however, the post-hoc analysis revealed the unique nature of CHLs’ pragmatic competence, vacillating between CFLs and NSs. Specifically, CHLs outperformed CFLs in the use of SFPs and yixia/xia in both PD-low and high situations, but they fell behind the NSs in certain aspects, especially in their linguistic knowledge on SFPs and yixia/xia.

Urban Land Use Changes by the Integration of Remote Sensing, GIS, and Dynamics Modeling

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4645-4649
Author(s):  
Jia Hua Zhang ◽  
Cui Hao ◽  
Feng Mei Yao
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Model ◽  
The Impact

We developed an approach to assess urban land use changes that incorporates socio-economic and environmental factors with multinomial logistic model, remote sensing data and GIS, and to quantify the impact of macro variables on land use of urban areas for the years 1990, 2000 and 2010 in Binhai New Area, China. The Markov transition matrix was designed to integrate with multinomial logistic model to illustrate and visualize the predicted land use surface. The multinomial logistic model was evaluated by means of Likelihood ratio test and Pseudo R-Square and showed a relatively good simulation. The prediction map of 2010 showed accurate rates 78.54%, 57.25% and 70.38%, respectively.

scholarly journals Impact of cereal diseases on the qualitative traits of spring barley breeding lines

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Bogna Zawieja ◽  
Ewa Bakinowska ◽  
Andrzej Bichoński ◽  
Wiesław Pilarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Barley Breeding ◽  
Cereal Diseases ◽  
The Impact

Summary The differences between individual breeding lines of spring barley and a control variety were tested in terms of several measured (continuous) and qualitative traits. The impact of the qualitative traits (diseases) on the quantitative traits, especially yield, was assessed on the basis of the significance of differences for both qualitative traits and yield. Depending on the type of trait, either a logistic model or analysis of variance was used as a statistical tool. The statistically significant differences between some breeding lines and the control variety were shown. It was observed that in fodder barley both infection by mildew and lodging influenced yield. The results of analyses obtained in the so-called pre-preliminary trials and preliminary trials were different. This fact confirmed the necessity of repeating trials over several years.

Teaching the College of Policing pre-employment “Certificate in Knowledge of Policing” to undergraduate students

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian K. Pepper ◽  
Ruth McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Subject Knowledge ◽  
Initial Application ◽  
Educational Package

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assist in identifying the value to the student of the College of Policing approved Certificate in Knowledge of Policing (CKP), whilst identifying some of the challenges encountered by both students and staff. Design/methodology/approach – The research involved students completing self-administered questionnaires both on commencing their study of the CKP and completing the programme. Written student feedback was also collected and a focus group was facilitated with the academic teaching staff. The research approach adopted was aimed at influencing the development of the programme, whilst establishing the value of the CKP to students. Findings – The research suggests that completing the CKP did not significantly influence the students’ career choice, however, it did have a positive impact on the development of their confidence in terms of applying for the role of a police officer. Both staff and students identified the quantity of the knowledge to be taught and learnt, with staff also reporting the additional benefit to them of refreshing their subject knowledge. Research limitations/implications – The external validity of this research beyond the sample group is limited, due to, for example, different programmes of study at different institutions, etc., however, the findings are informative. The reliability of the research is good, however, it must also be considered the behaviour of respondents may have been influenced by taking part in the research. Further longitudinal research should be conducted following cohorts of students completing the CKP through initial application to employment. Practical implications – The CKP is currently viewed by many as an educational package to be completed prior to an application for employment as a police officer, whereas consideration should be given to using the CKP as a way to inform and build an individual’s confidence that the police officer role is the career for them, or otherwise. Originality/value – This research has identified how, amongst this group of students, completing the new concept of a pre-employment CKP, approved by the College of Policing, has increased their confidence in applying to become a police officer. As such, this is of value to those teaching the CKP and the College of Policing.

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