scholarly journals Orthodontically Induced Root Resorption-An Updated Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Frantzeska Karkazi ◽  
Juraj Lysy ◽  
Elias Bitsanis ◽  
Apostolis Tsolakis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Root Repair

SummaryBackground/Aim: Root resorption is one of the most common consequences of orthodontic treatment. However, its mechanism, etiology factors, diagnostic methods and the possibility of root repair remain controversial topics. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated review of the current literature concerning the orthodontically induced root resorption.Material and Methods: A literature search was performed using Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus search engines covering the period January 1930 until June 2019 corresponding to articles investigating the mechanism, etiology, methods of interpretation of root resorption and the stages of root repair.Results: The mechanism of orthodontically induced root resorption involves an interaction between several molecular signaling pathways, which result in the resorption of both cementum and dentin by odontoclasts/cementoclasts. Root resorption can be the result of both treatment and patient-related factors. The main risk factors include prolonged orthodontic treatments, heavy forces, specific tooth movements, method of force application, systemic/genetic factors and aberrant root morphology. Nevertheless, root resorption is repaired to some extend by cellular cementum.Conclusions: Orthodontically root resorption is an unavoidable complication mainly due to its multifactorial etiology. However, its severity can be minimized with careful planning and radiographic monitoring.

Orthodontically induced root resorption – a literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Pogorzelska ◽  
Anna Stróżyńska-Sitkiewicz ◽  
Kazimierz Szopiński
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Cervical Area ◽  
Periapical Radiography

Root resorption in moved teeth is a common undesirable side effect of orthodontic treatment. This pathology usually affects permanent teeth. Although any part of the root may be involved, the apical or cervical area is usually affected. The formation and development of these changes are a long-term process and depend on various factors. The etiology of resorptive changes associated with orthodontic treatment has been widely discussed by many authors, who proposed numerous classifications. Particularly noteworthy are the works on techniques for the treatment of malocclusion and their potential adverse effects. Modern diagnostic methods allow for an early detection of this pathology and the implementation of appropriate therapeutic measures. These techniques include periapical radiography (paralleling technique) combined with cone-beam computed tomography. Dentists not only notice the need to achieve a beautiful smile, but they also take into account possible root shortening. This process is not fully understood, but realizing its existence is important for planning and implementing both orthodontic and general dental treatment.

scholarly journals Colorectal cancer: a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan José Granados-Romero ◽  
Alan Isaac Valderrama-Treviño ◽  
Ericka Hazzel Contreras-Flores ◽  
Baltazar Barrera-Mera ◽  
Miguel Herrera Enríquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Colonic Polyps ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Basis Risk ◽  
Intestinal Inflammatory Disease

Colorectal cancer (CCR) is the third most common cancer worldwide in men and women, the second largest cause of death related to cancer, and the main cause of death in gastrointestinal cancer. The risk of developing this cancer is related to bad alimentary habits, smoking, intestinal inflammatory disease, polyps, genetic factors, and aging. Of the patients that are diagnosed with colorectal cancer 90% are older than 50, with a median age of 64 years; however, the disease is more aggressive in patients that are diagnosed at younger ages. According to the American Cancer Association, it was accounted for more than 49,700 deaths in 2015. The goal is to reduce the mortality rate with early diagnosis and treatment. Currently, the survival rate is used to predict a patient’s prognosis. The patient is considered to have a positive familial history if a first-degree relative has been diagnosed with colorectal cancer or colonic polyps before the age of 60, or also if two or more first-degree relatives have been diagnosed with cancer or polyps at any age. There are several methods for detecting colorectal cancer, such as the guaiac test, immunochemical test of stool, DNA stool test, sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, and barium enema. The stage in which the cancer is detected determines the prognosis, survival, and treatment of the patient. Provide a review about generalities, genetic basis, risk factors, protective factors, clinical course, diagnostic methods, therapy and survival in colorectal cancer. Conducted research from different databases such as PubMed, Medline, MedScape, on the definition, genetic factors, classification, risk factors, protective factors, diagnostic methods, epidemiology, survival and treatment of colorectal cancer. Articles from 2000 to 2017 were included using the following keywords.

An Insight into Risk Factors for Root Resorption During Orthodontic Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab ◽  
Noor Ayuni Ahmad Shafiai ◽  
Shahrul Hisham Zaina Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Insight Into

Root resorption in orthodontic treatment with application of aligners. A retrospective study using cone-beam computed tomography

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
N.D. Pilipenko ◽  
S.Yu. Maksyukov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Absolute Reduction ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Maxillary Incisors ◽  
The Difference

he aim of this work is to study the coverage and severity of the inflammatory resorption of the root of the maxillary incisors caused by orthodontic treatment with aligners using CBCT to determine possible risk factors. Measurement of the length of the root of the maxillary incisors was carried out on orthodontic images of CBCT in the pre- and post-therapeutic periods in 80 patients who received complex orthodontic treatment with aligners The average value of the absolute reduction of the root length varied between 0.47±.061 mm and 0.55±0.70 mm, and the difference between the central and lateral upper incisors was not significant. The defeat of the root reduction of more than 25%, amounted to 1.25% of cases. Potential risk factors included gender, malocclusion, crowding of teeth, and the approach of the tops of the roots of the teeth to the cortical plate in the post-therapeutic period. Complex treatment with aligners gives minimal root resorption. Sex, malocclusion, crowding of teeth, and the approach of the tops of the roots of the teeth to the cortical plate in the post-therapeutic period significantly affect the likelihood of changes in the length of the root.

scholarly journals Apical root displacement is a critical risk factor for apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 740-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung-Won Kim ◽  
Sung-Jin Kim ◽  
Ji-Yeon Lee ◽  
Yoon-Jeong Choi ◽  
Chooryung J. Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Apical Root Resorption ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify risk factors for apical root resorption (ARR) of maxillary and mandibular incisors using mathematical quantification of apical root displacement (ARD) and multiple linear mixed-effects modeling. Materials and Methods: Periapical radiographs of maxillary and mandibular incisors and lateral cephalograms of 135 adults were taken before and after orthodontic treatment. ARR was measured on the periapical radiographs, and movement of central incisors was evaluated on the superimposed pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms. ARD was mathematically calculated from pretreatment tooth length, inclination change, and movement of the incisal edge. Linear mixed-effects model analysis was performed to identify risk factors for ARR, and standardized coefficients (SCs) were calculated to investigate the relative contribution of the risk factors to ARR. Results: Vertical ARD showed the highest SCs for both maxillary and mandibular incisors. Horizontal ARD showed the second highest SC for mandibular incisors but was not significantly correlated with the ARR of maxillary incisors. When horizontal and vertical ARDs were included in the mixed-effects model, the use of self-ligating brackets was significantly correlated with increased ARR of mandibular incisors. Conclusions: ARD is a critical factor for ARR after orthodontic treatment. Careful monitoring of ARR is recommended for patients requiring significant ARD of incisors.

scholarly journals Orthodontically induced external apical root resorption in patients treated with fixed appliances vs removable aligners

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Iglesias-Linares ◽  
Boris Sonnenberg ◽  
Beatriz Solano ◽  
Rosa-Maria Yañez-Vico ◽  
Enrique Solano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Apical Root Resorption ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
External Apical Root Resorption ◽  
Fixed Appliances

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether orthodontic treatment with removable aligners vs fixed orthodontic appliances is associated with a different frequency of orthodontically induced external apical root resorption (OIEARR) when genetic, radiographic, and clinical factors are accounted for. Materials and Methods: Three hundred seventy-two orthodontic patients treated with removable aligners (Invisalign) or fixed appliances were genetically screened for interleukin 1B gene (IL1B) (rs1143634), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene (IL1RN) (rs419598), and osteopontin gene (SPP1) (rs9138/rs11730582). Twelve clinical variables, potentially associated with OIEARR, were also considered. Subjects were divided according to the presence of radiographically determined OIEARR (>2 mm). The association between OIEARR and appliance type, and radiographic, clinical and genetic factors, was assessed using backward stepwise conditional logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Results: Reliability of the methods was adequate. Clinical case complexity (American Board of Orthodontics [ABO] Discrepancy Index) (OR: 1.032; 95% CI: 1.005–1.061; P = .021) and extent of incisor apical displacement in the sagittal plane (OR: 1.478; 95% CI: 1.285–1.699; P = .001) were associated with an increased OIEARR risk. After adjusting for associations between clinical/radiographic/genetic factors, there were no statistically significant differences with respect to OIEARR or type of orthodontic appliance used, whether removable aligners or fixed appliances (OR: 1.662; 95% CI: 0.945–2.924; P = .078). Only subjects homozygous for the T allele of IL1RN (rs419598) were more prone to OIEARR during orthodontic treatment (OR: 3.121; CI: 1.93–5.03; P < .001). Conclusions: A similar OIEARR predisposition was identified using either removable aligners (Invisalign) or fixed appliances.

Effects of root–cortex relationship, root shape, and impaction side on treatment duration and root resorption of impacted canines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Amuk ◽  
Nisa Gul Amuk ◽  
Taner Ozturk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Positive Root ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Root Cortex ◽  
Impacted Canines ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Categorical Groups

Summary Objectives This retrospective longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the factors that affect the orthodontic treatment duration (OTD) and external apical root resorption (EARR) of maxillary impacted canines (MIC) as root–cortex relationship, root shape, impaction side, and gender. Material and method Thirty-eight patients (mean age 15.28 ± 1.48 years) who had unilateral MIC and undergone orthodontic treatment were included in this study. Root–cortex relationship, root–cortex intersection amount, root shape, impaction side, height, alpha angle, impaction zone, and length of the MIC were evaluated on cone-beam computed tomography images at the beginning of the treatment. Final assessments were performed on ortopantograms at the end of the treatment as canine angulation and tooth length. The sample was characterized by descriptive statistics; t-tests, Mann–Whitney U-test, ANOVA, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used for the comparison of EARR and OTD values between the categorical groups. Results Root shape affected OTD, and the longest value was detected in MIC with bent root (P < 0.000). The presence of root–cortex relationship also prolonged OTD for approximately 3 months (P = 0.006). MIC with risk factors like positive root–cortex relationship and bent roots had higher EARR values than those with negative root–cortex relationship and normal roots (P = 0.042, P = 0.021, respectively). EARR of the palatal MIC was also higher than the buccal MIC (P = 0.009). OTD was significantly influenced by root–cortex intersection amount (P = 0.004). Conclusion The presence of root–cortex relationship and abnormal root shape were risk factors for greater EARR of MIC along OTD, which was also significantly influenced by root shape and root–cortex relationship.

scholarly journals External Root Resorption (ERR) after orthodontic treatment: Review article

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-163
Author(s):  
Fernando Mauricio Villalta Mendoza ◽  
Viviana Carolina Cordero Morales ◽  
Christian Daniel Piedra Arpi ◽  
Jorge Antonio Reinoso Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
External Root Resorption ◽  
Treatment Review

External root resorption (ERR) after orthodontic treatment represents one of its associated negative consequences. For several years, the existence of risk factors that contribute to the establishment of this alteration has been described, where we find genetic alterations related to the orthodontic treatment performed.

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