scholarly journals Assesment of the Impact of Habitat Conditions and Land Use on the Floristic Diversity of Selected Rush Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-181
Author(s):  
Mieczysław Grzelak ◽  
Eliza Gaweł ◽  
Leszek Majchrzak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Habitat Mosaic ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diverse Plant

Abstract This study concerned the assessment of the effect of various habitat conditions and land use on the habitat diversity of rush communities classified as Phragmitetea. The investigations were conducted in the years 2015-2019 in an area particularly interesting in terms of its nature value and abundant in localities of diverse plant communities, located in ecological areas of permanent grassland in the river valleys of the Noteć Leniwa and the Noteć Bystra, as well as the interlevee floodplain of the Warta in the area of Rakowo. The study area covered 228 ha. Soil moisture content resulting from the habitat mosaic and intensity of land use had a significant effect on the formation of rush communities, their richness and floristic diversity as well as nature and agricultural value. Most communities of nature value were characterised by a mediocre economic value and low fodder value (FVS ranging from 1.1 to 6.9), while some were barren lands. The calculated floristic diversity index (H’) varied and ranged from 1.9 to 3.5, while the harvested dry matter yields ranged from 2.7 to 16.6 t.ha−1. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of habitat conditions and land use on the formation and diversity of rush communities in the Noteć and the Warta river valleys.

scholarly journals The impact of land-use change on floristic diversity at regional scale in southern Sweden 600 BC–AD 2008

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 3159-3173 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fredh ◽  
A. Broström ◽  
M. Rundgren ◽  
P. Lagerås ◽  
F. Mazier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Response ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Palynological Richness

Abstract. This study explores the relationship between land-use and floristic diversity between 600 BC and AD 2008 in the uplands of southern Sweden. We use fossil pollen assemblages and the Regional Estimates of Vegetation Abundance from Large Sites (REVEALS) model to quantitatively reconstruct land cover at a regional scale. Floristic richness and evenness are estimated using palynological richness and REVEALS-based evenness, respectively. We focus on the period AD 350 to 750 to investigate the impact of an inferred, short-lived (< 200 yr) period of land-use expansion and subsequent land abandonment on vegetation composition and floristic diversity. The observed vegetation response is compared to that recorded during the transition from traditional to modern land-use management at the end of the 19th century. Our results suggest that agricultural land use was most widespread between AD 350 and 1850, which correlates broadly with high values of palynological richness. REVEALS-based evenness was highest between AD 500 and 1600 which indicates a more equal cover among taxa during this time interval. Palynological richness increased during the inferred land-use expansion after AD 350 and decreased during the subsequent regression AD 550–750, while REVEALS-based evenness increased throughout this period. The values of palynological richness during the last few decades are within the range observed during the last 1650 yr. However, REVEALS-based evenness shows much lower values during the last century compared to the previous ca. 2600 yr, which indicates that the composition of present-day vegetation is unusual in a millennial perspective. Our results show that regional scale changes in land use have had clear impacts on floristic diversity in southern Sweden, with a vegetation response time of less than 20 to 50 yr. We show the importance of traditional land use to attain high biodiversity and suggest that ecosystem management should include a regional landscape perspective.

scholarly journals Flora agrocenoz dolin rzecznych w środkowowschodniej Polsce

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ługowska
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Origin Life ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Segetal Flora

The paper deals with segetal flora in the Liwiec, Tyśmienica, and Wilga river valleys and with the impact of those locations on biodiversity and migra-tion of species from seminatural communities to arable fields. The studies were conducted between 2014 and 2018 on cereals, root crops, and stubble fields.To this end, the following research objectives were designated: 1. Inventory of flora in the agrocoenoses of the Liwiec, Tyśmienica, and Wilga river valleys. 2. Multidimensional comparative analysis of inventoried vascular plants, including: species occurrence, their geographical and historical origin, life-form, plant propagation, and type of ecological strategy. 3. Assessment of habitat conditions in designated permanent research plots in the transects located in the river valleys. 4. Statistical comparative analysis of habitat conditions in river valleys and permanent research plots. 5. Analysis of flora in permanent research plots in terms of plant sociolog-ical and ecological groups and their development strategies. 6. Statistical assessment of biodiversity in permanent research plots. 7. Analysis of the floristic richness of plant communities in terms of habitat conditions of the valleys of the Liwiec, Tyśmienica and Wilga rivers.

scholarly journals The impact of land-use change on floristic diversity at regional scale in southern Sweden 600 BC–AD 2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 19085-19120
Author(s):  
D. Fredh ◽  
A. Broström ◽  
M. Rundgren ◽  
P. Lagerås ◽  
F. Mazier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Response ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Palynological Richness

Abstract. This study explores the relationship between land-use and floristic diversity between 600 BC and AD 2008 in the uplands of southern Sweden. We use fossil pollen assemblages and the Regional Estimates of Vegetation Abundance from Large Sites (REVEALS) model to quantitatively reconstruct land-cover at a regional scale. Floristic richness and evenness are estimated using palynological richness and REVEALS-based evenness, respectively. We focus on the period AD 350 to 750 to investigate the impact of an inferred, short-lived (< 200 yr) period of land-use expansion and subsequent land abandonment on vegetation composition and floristic diversity. The observed vegetation response is compared to that recorded during the transition from traditional to modern land-use management at the end of the 19th century. Our results suggest that agricultural land-use was most widespread between AD 350 and 1850, which correlates broadly with high values of palynological richness. REVEALS-based evenness was highest between AD 500 and 1600 which indicates a more equal distribution among taxa during this time interval. Palynological richness increased during the inferred land-use expansion after AD 350 and decreased during the subsequent regression AD 550–750, while REVEALS-based increased throughout this period. The values of palynological richness during the last few decades are within the range observed during the last 1650 yr. However, REVEALS-based evenness shows much lower values during the last century compared to the previous ca. 2600 yr, which indicates that the distribution of present day vegetation is unusual in a millennial perspective. Our results show that regional scale changes in land-use have had clear impacts on floristic diversity in southern Sweden, with a vegetation response time of less than 20 to 50 yr. We show the importance of traditional land-use to attain high biodiversity and suggest that ecosystem management should include a regional landscape perspective.

scholarly journals Diversity of soil macroarthropods in shifting cultivation and forest ecosystem of Mizoram, Northeast India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-611
Author(s):  
Betsy Zodinpuii ◽  
Lalnuntluanga ◽  
H Lalthanzara
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Soil Arthropods ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
The Impact

Soil organisms are an integral part of agricultural ecosystems and are essential for the maintenance of healthy productive soils. Little is known about soil arthropods assemblages in shifting cultivation system. Therefore, we compared the diversity of soil macroarthropods in shifting cultivation (EXPTL) system and its adjacent natural forest (CTRL) ecosystem in Mizoram, northeast India and assessed the impact of shifting cultivation on the diversity. The study was conducted from 2013 to 2015, and the period was divided as pre-cultivation, cultivation and post-cultivation phases. Traditional shifting cultivation was practised in EXPTL site in the year 2014. Sampling was done by handpicking and digging from a quadrat (25×25×30 cm) located at least 10 m apart at monthly intervals. Specimens were preserved in 4% formalin and were identified up to the lowest possible taxa. A total of 97 taxa of arthropods belonging to five classes were recorded. 88 taxa and 48 taxa were recorded in CTRL and EXPTL respectively. Order-wise Shannon diversity index was significantly higher (p < .001) in CTRL as compared to EXPTL site. There were significant differences in both cultivation (p <.001) and post-cultivation (p <.001) phases between CTRL and EXPTL sites. There was a significant effect of shifting cultivation on the diversity of soil macroarthropods at the p <.05 level for the three cultivation phases in EXPTL site. Therefore, it was concluded that shifting cultivation system negatively affected soil macroarthropod diversity at least for a short duration. This study provided the first baseline data of soil macroarthropod diversity and its interaction with land-use system from Mizoram, northeast India.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Risk Induced by Soil Erosion on Land Use. Case Study: Guruslău Depression

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 652
Author(s):  
Andreea Costea ◽  
Stefan Bilasco ◽  
Ioan-Aurel Irimus ◽  
Sanda Rosca ◽  
Iuliu Vescan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Impact

Changes in land use, increasing of agricultural areas to the detriment of wooded ones, and poor management of agricultural land, along with the impact of current changes in the climate (reflected in the increase of the climate aggression index) makes soil erosion one of the main risks associated with improper land use, with a direct impact on its productivity and an indirect impact on human beings. The aim of this study is to assess the risk induced by surface soil erosion on land use, using as our main method of investigation the development of two models of integrated spatial analysis of the territory: a derived model of the universal soil loss equation (USLE) and a qualitative model that integrates the result of soil erosion assessment with the database representing the land use. This was carried out in order to highlight the impact on the territory. The spatial analysis models were developed on a structure of vector spatial databases, through which the soil type, soil texture, climate aggression coefficient, and land use were mapped, and alphanumeric databases, representing the market cost of land, in EUROs, that highlight the quality of cultivated land (in terms of productive economic potential). The induced risk estimation is based on a qualitative rating of soil erosion vulnerability on a scale from 1 to 5 (1-low vulnerability; 5-high vulnerability) and of the reduction of the economic value of the land (according to the vulnerability rating). The implemented methodology highlights the quantitative risk, with a maximum value of about 46.000 EUROs, spatially identified on large surfaces on the outskirts of the Jibou municipality. It is mainly caused by the impact of soil erosion on large areas of orchards, which provide necessary products for human consumption. The present methodology can be implemented on similar areas and can be used as a model of good practices in risk assessment based on financial losses by local public authorities.

scholarly journals Diversity of pollinators in marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) in a core area of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Sandhya Gurung ◽  
Neel Kamal Koju ◽  
Narayan Prasad Koju
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
The Impact

Insect pollinators provide crucial ecosystem services in the urban environment but are under threat and lack comprehensive study and Pollinators’ interaction to change urban land use. Marigold is an important nectar provider for many insects, plays a major role in ecosystem services, and holds a strong cultural and economic value. Therefore, it is important to learn the diversity of insect pollinators in marigolds in an urban environment and assess the impact of urbanization on pollinators. This study aimed to study pollinator diversity, visit frequency, and shift-wise distribution in the core urban area of Kathmandu valley. A total of 21 species of pollinators were recorded from fourteen families and four orders: Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. Lepidoptera accounted for the highest diversity index of 1.87 followed by Diptera. Furthermore, the study recorded the highest species diversity and abundance during the daytime compared to the morning and the evening hour. The highest diversity of Diptera and Lepidoptera suggests that the urban area is a suitable foraging area whereas, the absence of wild bees further suggests the urbanization as a threat to the wild bee population and demand urgent policy or action for the conservation of pollinators for the conservation of biodiversity and growth in agricultural production.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Natural Afforestation Process of a Small Lowland Catchment and Its Possible Impact on Runoff Changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10339
Author(s):  
Leszek Hejduk ◽  
Ewa Kaznowska ◽  
Michał Wasilewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Hejduk
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Runoff Changes ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
The Impact

Changes in land use have an impact on changes in renewable water resources. Land use especially in the context of urbanization has been and continues to be widely studied. The role of the forests in ecosystems is well known but there is not much research investigating the impact of natural afforestation on water resources. This paper shows the results of the quantitative changes in the use of the lowland catchment in the last 50 years on the example of the Zagożdżonka river located in central Poland. The results show that the impact of climatic factors on the reduction of water resources in the Zagożdżonka catchment is compounded by socio-economic changes in agriculture, and the positive role of forest areas in the catchment depends on the water demand of the stand. The interactions between forest ecosystems and water retention are strong and, depending on the habitat conditions, they may reduce ground runoff and deepen the water deficit in the catchment area in dry periods.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF LAND USE CHANGES AND LAND VEGETATION ON WATER BIRDS AND WADERS DIVERSITY OF ANZALI, ALAGOL, ALMAGOL AND AJIGOL INTERNATIONAL WETLANDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjes Nazari ◽  
Bahman Shams Esfandiari ◽  
Javad Varvani ◽  
Abas Ahmadi ◽  
Hamid Toranjzar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Unsupervised Classification ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Legal Compliance ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Water Birds ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of wintering water birds and waders in Alagol, Almagol, Ajigol and Anzali wetlands and the impact of land use changes on the distribution of these wetlands.Materials and Methods: ETM + satellite images after atmospheric and geometrical correction were used to evaluate the changes. The NDVI index identified the overall vegetation cover of the wetlands on and out of the coast. Then, dominant plants and representative of wetland status were identified and evaluated by unsupervised classification. The diversity of water birds and waders was assessed using Total Count Method. Species diversity index, species uniformity and interspecific similarity were calculated and reported.Results: The catchment area of the studied wetland has decreased significantly during the last 10 years and the type of vegetation and area of the catchment area has increased toward nutritional state. The highest number of migratory water birds belonged to the duckweed, with an average of 65.99% of the total migratory bird population belonged to this species, especially the water feeding ducks.Conclusion: Due to the lack of legal compliance with the wetland and the increasing use of agricultural and human-made land uses, this changing and growing land use will have adverse effects on the wetland ecosystem

scholarly journals Impact of Energy Landscapes on the Abundance of Eurasian Skylark (Alauda arvensis), an Example from North Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nándor Csikós ◽  
Péter Szilassi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Shannon Diversity Index ◽  
Energy Landscapes ◽  
Shannon Diversity ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
The Impact

The increasing use of biomass for energy production is reshaping landscapes into energy landscapes. Our study aims to analyze the impact of the biogas energy landscape on the abundance of Eurasian skylark. The biogas power plants have a high impact on the landscape, because of the energy crops like silage maize and rape. We analyze land-use and land-cover heterogeneity in connection with this bird species in the Federal State of Schleswig-Holstein. Three databases are used: abundance data of a typical farmland bird (Eurasian skylark), Corine land cover, and statistical land-use data from the German Agricultural Structure Survey. Several spatial analyses and statistical analyses were conducted. Generalized linear models are used with model averaging and predicted marginal effects were calculated. We estimate the changes in individuals per km2 by considering six crop types and the Shannon Diversity Index (SDI). The Eurasian skylark abundance has a significant negative correlation with the area of the inland wetlands, the Shannon Diversity Index (SDI), permanent crops, silage maize, and rape. We found significant positive correlation with the pasture, potato, and wheat. The replacement of pastures, Eurasian skylarks’ preferred habitat, with energy crops, mostly silage maize, and the ongoing homogenization of the landscape, negatively affected this species’ distribution in the study area.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document