scholarly journals The Influence of Different Filter Parameters on the Semivolatile Composition of Mainstream Smoke

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
K Formella ◽  
T Braumann ◽  
H Elmenhorst
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Filter Material ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Cold Trap ◽  
Mainstream Smoke ◽  
Polar Compound ◽  
Polar Structure ◽  
Retention Behaviour ◽  
Selective Retention ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Filter

AbstractThe semivolatile fraction of cigarette smoke contains the most important aroma and taste compounds which contribute to the smoker's enjoyment. Obviously, the semivolatile composition is strongly affected by cigarette filters and consequently by the material which is used for filter manufacturing. We have studied the effect of cellulose acetate and polypropylene as filter material on the smoke semivolatiles. Further, the effect of other parameters like pressure drop and the use of additives has been investigated. Smoke condensate was collected on a Cambridge filter pad, the semivolatiles were evaporated using a headspace apparatus and subsequently collected in a cold trap. Semivolatile analyses were performed by high-resolution GC/MS. The cellulose acetate filter, due to its polar structure, selectively retains polar compounds such as phenols and furans while the non-polar polypropylene filter shows a non-selective retention behaviour. The addition to polypropylene filters of a polar compound such as triacetin, which is used as plasticiser in the manufacturing of cellulose acetate filters, does not affect the retention behaviour towards the semivolatiles.

scholarly journals Transfer of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues into Cigarette Smoke as a Function of Tobacco Blends and Filter Types

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ceschini ◽  
R. Chauchaix
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Mainstream Smoke ◽  
Pesticide Degradation ◽  
Cigarette Butt ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide Residues ◽  
Cellulose Filter ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Filter ◽  
Charcoal Filter

AbstractThe transfer during smoking of pesticides contained in tobacco into the smoke and the filter of cigarettes was investigated. The overall transfer into the mainstream smoke was 17 %. It was found to be independent of the type of the tobacco blend (American, Maryland, Virginia and Oriental). The pesticide retention of the following four filters was investigated: cellulose filter, cellulose acetate filter with low and high pressure drop, and a charcoal filter, characterized by nicotine retentions of 38 %, 27 %, 48 % and 54 %, respectively. The corresponding pesticide retentions found were 40 %, 21 %, 39 % and 38 %, i.e. lower than the nicotine retention in the cellulose acetate, and significantly lower in the charcoal filter. A 3 % degradation of p,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDT contained in tobacco to p,p'-DDE and o,p'-DDE respectively, was also observed. The pesticides initially contained in the tobacco part of the cigarette butt decreased during smoking. This appears to be the result of some initial condensation of substances carried through by the smoke stream (as indicated by the presence of pesticide degradation products), followed by strong desorption during the very last puffs.

Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Property Changes on Polyacrylonitrile/Cellulose Acetate Nanofiber Membrane

2020 ◽  
Vol 990 ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Ahmad Kusumaatmaja ◽  
Wahyuna Nur ◽  
Chotimah ◽  
Kuwat Triyana
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Filter Material ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane ◽  
Hydrophobic Property ◽  
Hydrophobic Membrane ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Property Changes

Nanofibers membrane are potential material for water filtration, and surface properties of the membrane are an important factor to avoid fouling on the membrane surface. The combination of filter material is known to influence the membrane surface properties. We investigated the mixture of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and cellulose acetate (CA) on the nanofiber membrane by electrospinning. This blend was dissolved in dimethylformamide as feed polymer in electrospinning technique. We prepared the ratio of PAN to CA were 0:10, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, and 10:0 in 8 wt%. All the membranes formed fiber, except 0:10 which only created a thin layer from the sprays. Contact angle measurements related to membrane surface properties were measured and resulted in 128o, 126o, and 125o for 4:6, 5:5 dan 6:4 membranes, respectively. This results indicated that all PAN/CA membranes had hydrophobic properties. The hydrophobic property was also observed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, a sharp peak of-CH3 appeared. It is interesting while mixing two hydrophilic polymers we obtain a hydrophobic membrane.

scholarly journals Study on the Factors Influencing the Degradation of Cellulose Acetate Filter Rod

2020 ◽  
Vol 1676 ◽  
pp. 012048
Author(s):  
Han Zheng ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Jianbo Zhan ◽  
Rongrong Fu ◽  
Xiangzhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Filter

A New Cellulose Acetate Filter to Remove Leukocytes from Buffy-Coat-Poor Red Cell Concentrates

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.N.I. Pietersz ◽  
W.J.A. Dekker ◽  
H.W. Reesink
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Filter

DISQUAC predictions on thermodynamic properties of ternary and higher multicomponent mixtures. II. Results for HE of ternary mixtures containing nonpolar components, or one polar compound, two polar compounds, or one alcohol and hydrocarbons, or CCl4

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1447-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Gonzalez ◽  
Javier Carmona ◽  
Nicolas Riesco ◽  
Isaias Garcia de la Fuente ◽  
Jose Carlos Cobos
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Group Contributions ◽  
Polar Compound ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vapor Liquid Equilibria

The ability of the DISQUAC model for predicting excess enthalpies (HE) of ternary systems on the basis of binary parameters only, i.e., neglecting ternary interactions is analyzed. At this end, DISQUAC results for a set of 95 ternary systems are examined. The solutions studied are formed by only hydrocarbons (or CCl4); or by one polar compound (not alcohols) and two hydrocarbons (or CCl4); or by two polar compounds (not alcohols) and one hydrocarbon (or CCl4); or by one alcohol and two hydrocarbons (or CCl4). Most of the HEs analyzed are endothermic, and valid at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The mean deviation between experimental values and DISQUAC results is 5.5% for the ternary systems and 6.5% for the constituent binaries (181 mixtures). The interaction parameters used are valid for the description of thermodynamic properties of binary systems: vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE), liquid–liquid (LLE), and solid–liquid equilibria (SLE), HE and excess heat capacities at constant pressure (CEP), as well as HE and VLE of ternary solutions. Predictions are, in most of the cases, independent of the mixture compounds, or the number of groups present in the system. Larger deviations underline typical shortcomings of the group contributions methods (e.g., Patterson's effect; branching). Note that results for the ternaries and for the constituent binaries are of the same order. This is not the case for the Dortmund version of UNIFAC. The mean deviations obtained using this model are 10.5% and 14% for the ternary and binary mixtures, respectively. Results from other models (original UNIFAC, Flory's theory, Nitta–Chao, UNIQUAC association model) for a number of systems are also compared to those obtained using DISQUAC.Key words: predictions, HE, ternary systems, binary parameters, geometrical methods, Flory, group contributions.

scholarly journals The Determination of Menthol in Tobacco, in Filters and in the Smoke of Mentholated Cigarettes/Untersuchungen über die Verteilung des Menthols auf Tabak, Filter und Rauch von Mentholcigaretten

1972 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brozinski ◽  
U. Dölberg ◽  
G. Lipp
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Polypropylene Glycol ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Selective Retention ◽  
Different Origin

AbstractA method for the determination of menthol in tobacco, in filters before and after smoking as well as in the smoke of mentholated cigarettes is presented which is based on the combination of steam distillation and liquid-Iiquid partition followed by gas chromatography on polypropylene glycol in the presence of benzylpropionate as an internal standard. The procedure also permits menthone to be quantitatively determined as a characteristic constituent of peppermint oils. Analytical results concerning reproducibility, recovery and sensitivity of the method are detailed. The transfer of menthol from the tobacco rod to the acetate filter and vice versa as a function of the storing period of mentholated cigarettes has been investigated as well as the menthol distribution due to the smoking process. A considerable selective retention of menthol by cellulose acetate filters could be demonstrated. Various mentholated cigarettes of different origin and of different menthol contents have comparatively been analysed.

The Research Development of Cellulose Acetate Fiber and Cellulose Acetate Nanofiber Used as Filtering Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 671 ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Ping Si ◽  
Shu Jie Zhang ◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Jian Hua Cao ◽  
Zhi Xiang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Filter Material ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Filter Materials ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Fiber ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose Fiber

Cellulose acetate(CA) fiber is a kind of regenerated cellulose fiber that with cellulose and acetic acid as raw material,and obtained through esterification reaction.The fiber has features of environmental protection,natural,non-toxic and good degradability.CA nanofiber is prepared by the electrostatic spinning technology has excellent performance and has been closely watched.The application of CA fiber and CA nanofiber in filtering materials was summarized.The application of CA fiber in cigarette filter holder and the research development of CA nanofiber in air filter materials, biomedical filter material,metal ions adsorption and other filter material was emphaticly expounded.

scholarly journals A Method for Measuring the Elution of Nicotine and Total Particulate Matter from a Cigarette Filter

1973 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Curran ◽  
J.E. Kiefer
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Total Particulate Matter ◽  
Cigarette Filter ◽  
Burning Zone ◽  
Minor Factor ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Cellulose Acetate Filter

AbstractA method was developed to measure the amount of an SV smoke component captured by a filter for at least the duration of a puff and eluted from the filter by subsequent puffs of cigarette smoke. It was concluded that the size of the filament affects the elution of nicotine by a cellulose acetate filter and that the elution phenomenon is an important factor in the filtration mechanism of nicotine and a minor factor in the filtration mechanism of TPM. Due to condensation, there is a buildup of nicotine and TPM within 5 mm of the burning zone. This accounts for some of the increased delivery of nicotine and TPM observed when the last portion of the cigarette is smoked

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