scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Intention in the Visegrad Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-368
Author(s):  
Andrea S. Gubik ◽  
Szilveszter Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Visegrád Countries

Abstract In order to boost students’ entrepreneurial activities, it is essential to identify the factors that form entrepreneurial intentions and to investigate how the development of these factors can be influenced. This paper attempts to explore the main drivers of entrepreneurial intentions and to examine national differences in students’ entrepreneurship by using the database of the GUESSS research project related to the Visegrad countries, namely Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. This paper adopts Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour, according to which attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control influence entrepreneurial intentions. The results of this research confirm the significant role that attitudes, social norms and perceived behavioural control play in shaping students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Differences can be experienced not only in the level of intentions, but also in the strength of each factor across Visegrad countries, which suggests that there is a need for solutions tailored the students’ needs in different Visegrad countries. Neither the age nor the gender that are frequently investigated in the literature can significantly increase the explanatory power of the Ajzen’s model. Their effect may be perceived in different attitudes and different behavioural control.

scholarly journals University Students’ Behaviour towards Entrepreneurial Intention in Ecuador: Testing for the Influence of Gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Rodriguez-Gutierrez ◽  
Luis Javier Cabeza-Ramírez ◽  
Guzmán Antonio Muñoz-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Personal Attitudes

While the current global context of successive economic and health crises are punishing the economies of different countries in the world, it is particularly relevant to explore the business intentions of young university students, as potential entrepreneurs of opportunity. This matter is of the utmost importance, as it helps to facilitate the implementation of measures that can ensure the future recovery of the economy and the creation of new businesses. The objective of this paper is to study the institutional and psychological antecedents of entrepreneurial intention and the role of gender. The theory of planned behaviour is applied to assess how personal attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control can affect students′ intention of becoming an entrepreneur. In addition, organizational support and institutional barriers are tested as potentially significant antecedents of entrepreneurial intention, along with the influence of gender. The research carried out was based on survey responses from a sample of 740 students of economics, communications, and education at an Ecuadorian university. The research propositions were tested using a partial least squares approach. Results indicate that behaviour towards entrepreneurship does not change in relation to gender. In addition, personal attitudes and perceived behavioural control regarding entrepreneurship are positively related to students′ entrepreneurial intention. Organizational support is also found to be important for generating entrepreneurial intention. The paper adds to the current knowledge base on entrepreneurial intention by analysing the individual and joint influence of the principal elements of the theory of planned behaviour, as well as organizational support and institutional barriers on entrepreneurial intentions. Moreover, the research provides a useful perspective on the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention in an unexplored context such as Ecuador, by responding to the call focusing on entrepreneurial intention in different regions, cultures, and contexts.

scholarly journals Who wants to be a franchisee? Explaining individual intentions to become franchisees

2021 ◽  
pp. 026624262110136
Author(s):  
Evelien Croonen ◽  
Hans van der Bij ◽  
Rozenn Perrigot ◽  
Assâad El Akremi ◽  
Olivier Herrbach
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Need For Achievement ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Important Challenge

An important challenge for franchisors is to find individuals with strong intentions to become franchisees that they can actively support in this ambition. We contribute to franchising research by developing and testing a model to explain individual intentions to become franchisees as a specific type of entrepreneurial intention (EI). We combine Achievement Motivation Theory (AMT) with the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to propose inverted U-shaped associations between individual motivations (i.e. need for achievement and risk-taking propensity), their cognitive assessments of franchising (i.e. attitude towards franchising and perceived behavioural control), and their EI regarding franchising. Our survey of 666 individuals demonstrates that need for achievement impacts attitude towards franchising and perceived behavioural control regarding franchising following respectively inverted U-shaped and declining positive relationships, and they partly mediate the relationships between need for achievement and EI regarding franchising. We find a negative linear association with attitude towards franchising.

A missing link: the behavioral mediators between resources and entrepreneurial intentions

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Aragon-Sanchez ◽  
Samuel Baixauli-Soler ◽  
Antonio Jose Carrasco-Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Access To Resources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control

Purpose Based on the theory of planned behaviour and the resource-based perspective, the purpose of this paper is to provide a well-supported explanation of how access to resources, defined as those controlled by the family context and not necessarily controlled by the student, changes attitudes, subjective norms and perceived control and, consequently, the entrepreneurial intentions of secondary students. Design/methodology/approach In contrast to traditional research methodologies, this study used a different approach based on primary survey data collected from secondary students to study future entrepreneurial intentions. Structural equation models were used in the empirical analysis. Findings Secondary students with more access to resources – financial and human capital – have stronger entrepreneurial intentions because they have more favourable attitudes and subjective norms, and greater perceived behavioural control. This study finds that cultural capital has no significant impact on entrepreneurial intention. Practical implications Key policy actions should increase access to resources for young people. Originality/value This study shows that the effect of access to resources on entrepreneurial intention is mediated by attitudes, social norms and perceived behavioural control. The results suggest that the relationship between access to resources and entrepreneurial intentions is more complex and nuanced than previously thought.

scholarly journals GREEN ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF MBA STUDENTS: A MALAYSIAN STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 38-55
Author(s):  
Loon Chee Wei- ◽  
Norfarah Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Mba Students ◽  
Green Entrepreneurship

Green Entrepreneurship is an emerging phenomenon in business and academic field because it is an essential component in developing a green economy. Due to a lack of empirical study on green entrepreneurship, our current understanding of the factors that contributes to nurturing green entrepreneurial intention is limited.  By employing Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study aims to explore the relationship between predictors of green entrepreneurial intention such as attitude, perceived behavioural control, subjective norms and educational support to green entrepreneurial intention (GEI). The study samples 175 individual MBA students in Malaysia. The study employs Partial Least Squares – SEM to predict GEI and evaluate the contribution of each predictor in the relationships. The model explains 76.1% the variance of Green Entrepreneurial Intention with strong predictive relevance (R2=0.761, Q2=0.537). From the structural model, the beta coefficient for Perceived Attitude is 0.392, Perceived Behavioural Control is 0.399, and Perceived Educational Support is 0.169. The results imply that perceived attitude and perceived behavioural control are the key intrinsic determinants whereas education plays an instrumental role as an extrinsic determinant to individual interest to become a green entrepreneur. The main theoretical implication of this study is confirming the applicability of the Theory of Planned Behaviour in explaining GEI with additional variable, Perceived Educational Support. Practically, this research provides education practitioner and policymakers with useful insight on cultivating GEI among MBA students, and directional indication on grooming future green entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial intentions amongst Master of Business students in efficiency-driven economies: South Africa and Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-335
Author(s):  
C Nieuwenhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Personal Attitude ◽  
Significant Relationships

The purpose of this research was to determine the relevance of the constructs of the Liñán and Chen (2009) Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire for Master of Business students in two efficiency-driven economies, and to test the empirical validity of an entrepreneurial intention model. After the number of factors and the related items of each had been determined by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to verify the factor structure and to enable testing of the hypotheses regarding the existence of relationships between observed variables and their underlying latent constructs. The CFA confirmed the entrepreneurial intention (EI), personal attitude (PA), perceived behavioural control (PBC), entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE), social valuation (SV), closer valuation (CV) and entrepreneurial Competence (EC) variables as a preliminary step for the structural equation model (SEM) analysis. The comparative fi t index and the root means square error of approximation (RMSEA) indicated that the proposed model had an acceptable fi t. The model parameters of all the components of the model were then determined to test the hypotheses relating to the model. Significant relationships between personal attitude and entrepreneurial intention and perceived behavioural control and entrepreneurial intention were proven. No other significant relationships between variables were identified.

scholarly journals Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions and Pre-Start-Up Behaviour among Asnaf Millennials

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengku Mohd Azizuddin Tuan Mahmood ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Ghazali Bin Ahmad ◽  
Mohamed Dahlan Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Opportunity Recognition ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Behavioural Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Behavioural Control ◽  
Start Up

The study referred to the theory of planned behaviour in determining how the selected factors (innovativeness, proactive personality, need of achievement, internal locus of control, risk-taking propensity, lifestyle integration, social networking, resource and opportunity recognition, attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control) influenced the entrepreneurial intentions and pre-start-up behaviour among the Asnaf millennials in Malaysia. This study collected cross-sectional survey data, which are quantitative data from 310 randomly selected Asnaf millennials from Kelantan, Malaysia using structured interviews. This study used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling PLS-SEM to analyse the data. The result confirmed the indirect influence (entrepreneurial intention) of attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on the pre-start-up behaviour. Findings revealed that all antecedents have a positive and statistically significant effect on attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control, with an exception to risk-taking propensity. Hence, it is suggested that development programs and policies should enhance the innovativeness and opportunity recognition competency, provide access to working capital, and build a platform to promote entrepreneurial networking in increasing entrepreneurial intention among the low-income Asnaf millennials in Malaysia.

scholarly journals How Does the Appeal of Environmental Values Influence Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1070
Author(s):  
Huatao Peng ◽  
Bingbing Li ◽  
Chen Zhou ◽  
Bert M. Sadowski
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Personal Attitude ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behaviour ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities

Global challenges posed by climate change and environmental deterioration are increasingly driving entrepreneurship with sustainable entrepreneurial intention as a key driver in predicting entrepreneurial activities. Together with experience, the environmental values of an entrepreneur are vital for sustainable entrepreneurial intention. However, the extent to which experience is a key factor to start up a sustainable enterprise is still rather unclear. To study the role of experience, we derive from the theory of planned behaviour three factors (personal attitude, social norm and self-efficacy) to examine their impact on environmental values and sustainable entrepreneurial intention. Based on a meta-analysis, the overall directions and effect intensity of the different factors in this relationship can be investigated. We develop a structural equation model to explore the mechanism behind the interaction between the different variables. We utilize information from 37 scientific articles using 40 empirical samples, 117 effect sizes and 192,015 observations. We found that environmental values are indeed positively related to a sustainable entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, the relationship between environmental values and sustainable entrepreneurial intention is moderated by experience, as well as personal attitude, social norms and self-efficacy. In addition, environmental values are more positively related to the intention to set up a sustainable venture for entrepreneurs with low-experience compared to those entrepreneurs with high-experience. For policy makers and managers, it becomes important to stimulate environmental values to promote sustainable entrepreneurial intentions in order to stimulate the growth of sustainable enterprises. By enhancing these three factors, sustainable entrepreneurial behaviour can be facilitated by increasing entrepreneurs’ sustainable intention.

Drivers of sustainable entrepreneurial intentions among university students: an integrated model from a developing world context

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-680
Author(s):  
Agu Godswill Agu ◽  
Okwuagwu Okuu Kalu ◽  
Chidadi Obinna Esi-Ubani ◽  
Paul Chinedu Agu
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Sustainable Entrepreneurship ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Event Model

Purpose The purpose of this study is to integrate and extend two models of entrepreneurial intention to investigate the drivers of sustainable entrepreneurial intention among intermediate undergraduate university students in Nigeria. Specifically, this paper aims to introduce education for sustainable entrepreneurship into the integrated model, thereby fitting the model into the context of sustainable entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach Data was gathered with the help of a structured questionnaire from 435 students of a university in Nigeria. The students passed through a special entrepreneurship training in which they were educated on the concept and practice of sustainable entrepreneurship. SmartPLS was used to test the proposed structural model. Findings The findings revealed that education for sustainable entrepreneurship significantly influences all variables of the integrated model, but has nonsignificant direct influence on sustainable entrepreneurial intention. Sustainable entrepreneurial intention is significantly driven by attitude and propensity to act. Therefore, the inclusion of education for sustainable entrepreneurship into the regression equation adds to its explanatory power. Originality/value This study contributes toward understanding of sustainable entrepreneurial intention of intermediate university students in a developing world context – Nigeria. Above all, it is among the few studies that shed light on the strength of education for sustainable entrepreneurship in the formation of sustainable entrepreneurial intention among students. This study proposes integration and extension (by adding education for sustainable entrepreneurship) of the theory of planned behavior and entrepreneurial event model in learning about students’ intentions to engage in sustainable entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Análise dos constructos comportamentais do empreendedorismo sustentável de estudantes universitários brasileiros

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 718
Author(s):  
Luis Eduardo Brandão Paiva ◽  
Tereza Cristina Batista de Lima ◽  
Silvia Maria Dias Pedro Rebouças ◽  
Rômulo Alves Soares
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Sustainable Entrepreneurship ◽  
Academic Context ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intent ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The University ◽  
Behavioral Constructs

Research on entrepreneurial intention stands out in the academic context and addresses several determinants related to the behavioral nature influencing entrepreneurship. Consequently, the following behavioral constructs were used for sustainable entrepreneurship: attitude towards self-employment; orientation towards sustainability; propensity to innovate; barriers and facilities for entrepreneurial activities; and entrepreneurs in the immediate family. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the behavioral constructs of sustainable entrepreneurship on the entrepreneurial intentions of university students. Based on a sample of 318 students enrolled on an administration course at the Federal University of Ceará, statistical techniques of data analysis were applied, namely factorial analysis, inferential statistics (t-test and Mann-Whitney test), logistic regression and Classification and Regression Trees (CART). Three hypotheses were constructed in this study based on the literature: (i) there is a positive influence between the orientation towards the sustainability of university students and their entrepreneurial intention, (ii) there is a positive influence between the propensity to innovate and the entrepreneurial intention of the university students, and (iii) having entrepreneurs in the immediate family contributes positively to the entrepreneurial intent of university students. It was noted that, in general, students most likely to have entrepreneurial intent are those most concerned with environmental issues, that are stimulating and original, and have immediate relatives that are entrepreneurs.

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