scholarly journals Automated Monsters of Vengeance: Comparing Goddesses in Ancient Greece and Hindu India

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Charles W. Nuckolls
Keyword(s):  
American Culture ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Southeastern Coast ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Automatic Action

Abstract Monsters that act “automatically,” without thought or conscious awareness, constitute a category whose primary exemplar in American culture is the zombie. However, automaticity can be found in other realizations of the monstrous, including in ancient Greece and contemporary India. This paper compares the two. In Greece, the beings known as Eryines hunt and attack people who are guilty of crimes against members of their own kin group. One of the best examples is Orestes, whom the Erinyes pursue relentlessly because he killed his own mother, Clytemnestra. On the southeastern coast of India, among members of the Jalari fishing caste, there is a spirit called Sati Polalmma, who, like the Erinyes, attacks those who have broken oaths made to kin, especially oaths that concern sexual fidelity. The Erinyes and Sati Polamma are chthonic beings, associated with the earth, and are said to predate the patriarchal order of male deities. The paper explores automatic action as a characteristic of one category of the monstrous.

scholarly journals The Unnatural Nature of Science

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
pp. S9-S13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Wolpert
Keyword(s):  
Nature Of Science ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
The World ◽  
Understanding Of Science

Science provides the best way of understanding the world. Public understanding of science is limited: science goes against common sense, the earth moves round the sun. Paranormal beliefs are all too common and they go completely against science, there is a mystical element in our brains. Unlike religion, science is universal and is almost entirely independent of the particular culture in which it is performed. It had is origin in ancient Greece. Whenever a new technology is introduced it is not for the scientists to take an ethical decision about how it should be used, but they must make public the implications.

scholarly journals Astronomy in Ancient Greece

1983 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2-14
Author(s):  
Michael Hoskin
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Concentric Spheres ◽  
Greek Tradition ◽  
Modern Form

AbstractScience has spread from western Europe where it developed into recognisably-modern form in the seventeenth century, stimulated by Copernicus’s claim that the Earth is a planet. Copernicus however was an astronomer in the Greek tradition, whose task was to reproduce the planetary paths by geometrical constructions using uniform circular motions. Eudoxus’s attempt to do this with nests of concentric spheres had been superseded by the use of the more flexible techniques necessary to meet the observational standards of the Hellenistic era. Ptolemy’s Almagest synthesised the Greek achievement but its shortcomings led Copernicus to make the Earth a planet.

scholarly journals ERATOSTHENES’ MAP OF THE OECUMENE

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Viktoras Lukoševičius ◽  
Tomas Duksa
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Summer Solstice ◽  
Famous Scientist ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
The Town

Eratosthenes (circa 276 B.C.–194 B.C.) is considered a famous scientist of ancient Greece. He was a mathematician and geographer. Born in Cyrene, now Shahhat (Libya), he was appointed to teach the son of the Egyptian King Ptolemy III Euergetes. In 240 B.C., he became the third chief librarian the Great Library of Alexandria. Eratosthenes laid basics for mathematical geography. He was the first to calculate precisely in an original way the Earth meridian's length between Syene and Alexandria. For this purpose he used perpendicular projection of the sun rays during summer solstice (06.22) near the town Syene, now Aswan. His estimation of the length of the Earth's radius (6300 km) is close to present estimation (6371 km). He calculated that a year possesses 365.25 days. He also emphasized the significance of maps as the most important thing in geography. Eratosthenes was the first one to use the term “geographem” to describe the Earth. In this way he legitimized the term of geography. He also put into system geographical information from various sources in order to obtain a map of the world as precise as possible.

The Perception of Personality Traits from Voices

2018 ◽  
pp. 584-606
Author(s):  
Phil McAleer ◽  
Pascal Belin
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Popular Film ◽  
Early American ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Voice

Voices are full of cues to socially relevant signals and, without conscious awareness, we rapidly make judgements about others based on their voice. Fascination with why or even how we do this is not a new phenomenon but stretches back to Ancient Greece and writings on how to become a great public speaker and to project oneself in a chosen manner (for example, Cicero’s De Oratore). More recently, with the influx of radio in the early twentieth century, focus on obtaining social signals from the voice grew in provenance. Reports of early American radio transmissions with President Franklin D. Roosevelt —‘the radio President’—talked about how he broadcast in a voice that revealed ‘strength, courage and abounding happiness’ (Dunlap Jr, 1933). Likewise, the efforts of King George VI to embrace the role of a broadcasting monarch, despite a speech impediment, were made famous in the popular film, ‘The King’s Speech’ (2010). This chapter will focus on one branch of social information from voices—personality. Starting with an overview of personality traits derived from the voice, and how this influences our decisions, the chapter will then discuss the consistency (both across listeners and time) and ‘accuracy’ of such judgements. The chapter will end by highlighting the importance of this work, looking at technological and medical applications, before posing future strands that must be studied to fully harness the impact of this research.

Denying Climate Change Is Denying Health

Pained ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Michael D. Stein ◽  
Sandro Galea
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
American Culture ◽  
The Political ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Future

This chapter explores the politics of climate change and how politics can affect people’s health. In recent years, global environmental climate change has become a third rail in American culture, dividing people along political lines. The Republican Party espouses a range of positions, from the denial of climate change to denial of people’s role in causing the problem. The Democratic Party falls more in line with the science on this issue, which is largely settled. There is little disagreement among scientists that the earth is getting warmer. Hence, the political argument is not really about the science as much as it is about priorities. The Republican Party prioritizes deregulation and corporate interests over the potential disruption of these interests caused by the structural changes necessary to address climate change. The Democratic Party, for its part, has increasingly chosen to prioritize the future of the planet over the unfettered primacy of markets. Ultimately, climate change threatens health. When people recognize that climate change matters for health, they open the door for health to become an organizing principle in addressing this issue. Indeed, if people do not act on climate change, they are compromising their health.

Shakespeare In The United States

PMLA ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. McManaway
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fringe Benefits ◽  
Hundredth Anniversary ◽  
The Earth

If Shakespeare belonged to the United States by birth instead of by inheritance, the four-hundredth anniversary of his birth could not have been celebrated more widely or enthusiastically. It is not irrelevant to consider what his works have contributed to American culture, and what Americans have contributed to Shakespeare in the library and on the stage. To dispose first of some of the fringe benefits, it may be suggested that much innocent pleasure has accrued from the cultivation of Shakespeare gardens containing all the herbs, flowers, and trees named by the poet. An attempt to naturalize all the birds he mentions has had less happy results, though it must be acknowledged that the starlings imported by Eugene Schieffelin in 1880 have taken literally the injunction to be fruitful and multiply and replenish the earth.

The Siting of Greek Theatres

1991 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford Ashby
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
New Haven ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Complex Study ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Scholarly Attention

During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the orientation of buildings in ancient Greece received a great deal of scholarly attention; since that time, it has fallen from favour. In 1939, William Bell Dinsmoor made an ‘attempt to illustrate a method of obtaining more accurate information concerning the dates of Greek temples and certain details of religious practice through the application of an outmoded theory, that of “orientation”’. When this complex study, replete with trigonometric calculations of seasonal star positions met with little favour, orientation became a dead issue for several decades, only reviving in 1962 with the publication of Vincent Scully's The Earth, The Temple, and the Gods (New Haven: Yale University Press).

The motion of a lunar orbiter

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Y. Kozai
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Artificial Satellite ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Triaxial Ellipsoid ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Close Satellite ◽  
The Mean

The motion of an artificial satellite around the Moon is much more complicated than that around the Earth, since the shape of the Moon is a triaxial ellipsoid and the effect of the Earth on the motion is very important even for a very close satellite.The differential equations of motion of the satellite are written in canonical form of three degrees of freedom with time depending Hamiltonian. By eliminating short-periodic terms depending on the mean longitude of the satellite and by assuming that the Earth is moving on the lunar equator, however, the equations are reduced to those of two degrees of freedom with an energy integral.Since the mean motion of the Earth around the Moon is more rapid than the secular motion of the argument of pericentre of the satellite by a factor of one order, the terms depending on the longitude of the Earth can be eliminated, and the degree of freedom is reduced to one.Then the motion can be discussed by drawing equi-energy curves in two-dimensional space. According to these figures satellites with high inclination have large possibilities of falling down to the lunar surface even if the initial eccentricities are very small.The principal properties of the motion are not changed even if plausible values ofJ3andJ4of the Moon are included.This paper has been published in Publ. astr. Soc.Japan15, 301, 1963.

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