Appearance of European employment policy in the rural areas of Hungarian-Croatian border region

Abstract The study provides an insight into Interreg and IPA programs achieved so far, having significant impact on the labour market of rural areas. Another objective is the evaluation of the effects of labour market programs, with the help of the interviews with experts coordinating these programs. However, the Croatian- Hungarian cooperation was perfect, went smoothly, which is also due to the similar labour market problems of the cooperative areas. They fight with similar methods, even in the project reports, evaluations, and there are also similar results found. It has become clear that financial resource-intensive elements cooperation programs operated until they were financed. In these cases, the closing of them prevented sustainability. The non financing-intensive programs, especially if there is local demand that is not based on a faulty premise, and no fundamental changes have taken place, prove to be sustainable. The maintenance and expansion collaborations are important tasks after Croatia’s accession to the EU. Croatia, by taking its own path, but with the use of the Hungarian experience, can stabilize the labour market situation in the most underdeveloped areas.

Download Full-text

CEE LABOUR MARKETS – HOMOGENEITY OR DIVERSITY?

Technological and Economic Development of Economy ◽

10.3846/tede.2021.15014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Ewa Rollnik-Sadowska ◽

Marta Jarocka

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Initial Point ◽

Multiple Regression Model ◽

Labour Markets ◽

Labour Market Situation ◽

Second Stage ◽

Market Situation ◽

The Moment ◽

Two Stages ◽

The Eu

The aim of the article is to assess real changes taking place on CEE labour markets over the last fifteen years, taking into account as the initial point of analysis – 2004, i.e. the moment of extension of the EU by the first CEE countries and as a final point of analysis – 2019. The research was conducted in two stages. The authors made comparisons with the use of the TOPSIS method, which allowed for creating rankings of CEE countries in terms of labour market situation in the analysed years. The second stage of the study involved the analysis of relations between employment and GDP by an estimation of the multiple regression model. The conducted analysis proves that CEE countries are diversified when it comes to the labour market situation. These countries are also characterized by significant dynamics of changes in the labour market.

Download Full-text

YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION LABOUR MARKET

Latgale National Economy Research ◽

10.17770/lner2016vol1.8.1482 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (8) ◽

pp. 80 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ewa Rollnik-Sadowska

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Young People ◽

Human Resources ◽

Labour Market ◽

The European Union ◽

Labour Market Situation ◽

Eu Countries ◽

European Welfare State ◽

Market Situation ◽

The Eu

In an era of aging of the European Union population, it is crucial to take care of human resources in various spheres of their life. The potential of young people is particularly important, as their economic activity creates the basis of maintaining the European welfare state model. However, the labour market situation of young people is difficult. Moreover, the phenomena, which have recently attracted increasing attention, are remaining for young people without employment, education or training (NEET). The occurrence of NEET's resources is harmful at micro level - due to pauperization of European households as well as for the whole economy due to insufficient usage of human resources. The paper aim is to compare how the situation of young people differs in the European Union labour markets.The paper was based on both the desk-research of literature as well as the analysis of selected economic indicators of young people (aged 15-29 years). The indicator analysis was made through the usage of cluster analysis (Ward's method and k-means method). The data was gathered from the databases of Eurostat. The selected indicators determine the labour market situation of young people in the EU countries and they are derived from two years – 2006 and 2014.Ward's and k-means methods allowed for dividing the EU countries into three groups. It occurred that the groups in 2006 have a completely different composition of countries than in 2014, which was mainly determined by crisis influences on the labour markets as well as directions of conducted reforms. Additionally, the k-means method allowed for comparison of selected groups on the basis of chosen variables and determination of countries with the best and the worst situation of young people.

Download Full-text

National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Poland

10.15847/cisrnyn.nepl.2020.12 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Labour Force ◽

Population Data ◽

Economic Transformation ◽

Labour Market Situation ◽

The Past ◽

Market Situation ◽

The Difference

The report outlines the evolution of the labour market situation of young people in Poland between 2009 and 2019. Particular attention was paid to describe how the situation has changed across different age subgroups and degree of urbanization. The analysis includes descriptive statistics of the selected labour market indicators (employment and unem-ployment rate, NEET rate) along with educational and population data extracted from the Eurostat public datasets. The report shows that youth population in Poland has been declining over the past decade, especially in cities and rural areas. Labour market situation of young Poles worsened in the aftermath of financial and economic crisis. Since 2013 is has improved considerably. In 2019,the unemployment rate was below the pre-recession level and the lowest since the political and economic transformation. The pattern of labour market situation evolution was similar across all age subgroups and degrees of urbanisation, although those from the younger sub-groups were more vulnerable to economic fluctuations. In 2019, the difference between rural and urban areas in the unemployment level was minor. The employment rate and the NEET rate, however, was clearly higher in cities which suggests that many of those living in towns and rural areas remain outside the labour force. The level of school dropouts among youth is one of the lowest in the EU and has been relatively stable over the past decade. It is slightly higher in towns and rural areas than in cities, but the difference is not significant.

Download Full-text

Development of entrepreneurship in valuable natural rural areas

ECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE ◽

10.3280/ecag2019-003010 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 753-770

Author(s):

Grzegorz Slusarza ◽

Marek Cierpial-Wolan

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Labour Market ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Border Region ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Nature Protection ◽

Synthetic Indicators ◽

Linkage Method ◽

Endogenous Potential ◽

Urbanized Region

The values of the natural environment in the subject literature are commonly indicated as an asset conducive to development shaping the competitiveness of areas with such values. The paper attempts to assess the use of endogenous potential of such areas in shaping the multifunctional, sustainable development of rural areas that have such qualities. In particular, the aim was to check to what extent the sme sector, dominating in the economic structure of rural areas, solves the key problem of labour market imbalance and population migration in environmentally valuable areas. The area of detailed research is Podkarpacie, the Polish region considered as a peripheral, border region, the least urbanized region with the highest share of areas covered by various forms of nature protection and forestation, with one of the lowest gdp per capita indicator in the country. For the purpose of implementing the research assumptions, a taxonomic unit (using the complete linkage method) consisting of powiats with the highest concentration of features characteristic for rural areas of high natural values was separated. Synthetic indicators calculated on the basis of the Hellwig taxonomic development pattern method and a positional method using Weber's median were used to assess the diversity of entrepreneurship level. The research confirmed that the non-agricultural economic activity sector is less developed in areas of high natural value. Despite positive developments in the enterprise sector, their potential is too weak an economic base for addressing unsustainable labour market problems, as evidenced by high unemployment and a high negative migration balance. This limits the use of the endogenous potential of these areas and is not conducive to the concept of multifunctional, sustainable development. Migration poses a threat to the depopulation of these areas with all the negative consequences associated with such processes. This is a challenge for the studied areas and regional policy.

Download Full-text

The Influence of Enterprises with Participation of Foreign Capital on the Labour Market Situation in Poland

Olsztyn Economic Journal ◽

10.31648/oej.2901 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 45-57

Author(s):

Dorota Sobol

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Foreign Capital ◽

Foreign Direct Investments ◽

Special Economic Zones ◽

Labour Market Situation ◽

Market Situation ◽

Scientific Project ◽

The Individual ◽

Economic Zones

The aim of the article is to present the influence on the labour market of enterprises with participation offoreign capital in special economic zones (SEZ) in Poland. The research utilised selected results of the surveys conducted among enterprises with participation of foreign capital operating in all Polish special economic zones for the scientific project called Foreign direct investments in the special economic zones of Poland'. These findings are complemented by opinions from management boards of all the zones in Poland concerning the influence of the foreign direct investments (FDI) located in the individual zones on the labour market of the region in which they operate.

Download Full-text

Immigrants’ educational credentials leading to employment outcomes: The role played by language skills

Revista Internacional de Organizaciones ◽

10.17345/rio23.167-191 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 167-191

Author(s):

María Miyar-Busto ◽

Fco. Javier Mato Díaz ◽

Rodolfo Gutiérrez

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Labour Market ◽

Language Skills ◽

Labour Force ◽

Employment Outcomes ◽

Spanish Language ◽

Labour Market Situation ◽

Skill Levels ◽

Market Situation ◽

Educational Credentials

Transferability of human capital is a key issue in the analysis of immigrants’ integration in the destination country, according to both empirical and theoretical literature. In addition to the problem of recognition of immigrants’ educational credentials and their lack of social networks, language is highlighted in the literature as a crucial factor regarding human capital transfer. This paper considers the role played by Spanish language skills in the integration of migrants into the labour market in Spain. It takes advantage of the fact that about half of the immigrant population have Spanish as their native language, and of the diversity levels of fluency in Spanish among the remaining immigrants. Using the Labour Force Survey special module on the labour market situation of immigrants (INE 2015), the research has two purposes: first, to measure the direct effect of language skills on employment outcomes; and second, to analyze the complementary vs. substitution hypotheses regarding the interaction between Spanish language skills and educational credentials as determining factors for employment. The results confirm that skill levels in Spanish have a significant role regarding access to employment. Regarding the complementary vs. substitution hypotheses, interesting gender differences appear that confirm the striking contrasts in the Spanish labour market for female and male immigrants. For men, their level of Spanish acts as a complement to their educational qualifications in helping them to obtain employment, but this is not the case for women. However, female immigrant workers seem to obtain higher employment returns on their educational qualifications than men when it comes to avoiding very low-skilled jobs.

Download Full-text

A geography graduate’s transition into the labour market in Poland: a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the process

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series ◽

10.1515/bog-2015-0028 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (29) ◽

pp. 103-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Danuta Piróg

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Human Life ◽

Qualitative Evaluation ◽

University Graduates ◽

Labour Market Situation ◽

Academic Level ◽

Economic Climate ◽

Market Situation ◽

Limited Opportunity ◽

The University

Abstract Transition, i.e. the education-to-work shift, is considered one of the most important processes in human life. The characteristics of transition hinge on, first of all, the labour market situation, the economic climate in the region, the educational services market and the aspirations of society. Virtually unlimited access to education at an academic level and the growing appetite of young people for degrees have resulted in a rapid increase in the number of university graduates. Consequently, there has been a high supply of employees with university degrees. However, the speed and type of transition among recent graduates is one of the least investigated processes on the labour market in Poland. The article presents the results of a survey on how Polish geographers enter the job market. The study compares geographers’ professional qualifications, aspirations and plans about their future job at the time of graduation with the actual fulfilment of those plans six months later. Quantitative analysis of the process shows that half the graduates have succeeded in finding employment. Qualitative analysis of the type of jobs shows that the university-to-work transition was unsatisfactory in many respects. For example, the new position was unlikely to require the graduates to use the competences acquired during the course of study, the job offered limited career development opportunities and had a low remuneration. All the above raise concerns regarding the limited opportunity for successful transition and the respondents’ low satisfaction level.

Download Full-text