scholarly journals Possibile Applications of Magnetic Microwires in Aviation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2013 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Katarína Draganová ◽  
Josef Blažek ◽  
Dušan Praslička ◽  
František Kmec
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensors ◽  
Magnetic Microwires ◽  
Stress Sensors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications

Abstract Magnetic microwires have been rediscovered due to a number of the unusual magnetic properties and their potential applications. The paper concerns glass-coated magnetic microwires composed of a ferromagnetic metallic core with a diameter of 0.6 - 30 jj.m and of a glass coat with a thickness of 2 - 20 jj.m. The fabrication process and magnetic properties of these microwires are described. Due to their unique properties microwires can be used as a sensing element of sensors. Microwire-based sensors can be used in a wide range of aviation applications as magnetic field sensors, tensile stress sensors or temperature sensors. The main advantages of microwire-based sensors are associated with their small dimensions and weight, which play a very important role in aviation.

scholarly journals Optical Fiber Magnetic Field Sensors Based on Magnetic Fluid: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nélia Alberto ◽  
Maria Domingues ◽  
Carlos Marques ◽  
Paulo André ◽  
Paulo Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Fiber Grating ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Military Industry ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensors ◽  
Tunable Refractive Index ◽  
The Military

Magnetic field sensing is an important issue for many application areas, such as in the military, industry and navigation. The current sensors used to monitor this parameter can be susceptible to electromagnetic interferences, however due to their advantages over the traditional sensors, the optical fiber devices could be an excellent alternative. Furthermore, magnetic fluid (MF) is a new type of functional material which possesses outstanding properties, including Faraday effect, birefringence, tunable refractive index and field dependent transmission. In this paper, the optical fiber magnetic field sensors using MF as sensing element are reviewed. Due to the extensive literature, only the most used sensing configurations are addressed and discussed, which include optical fiber grating, interferometry, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and other schemes involving tailored (etched, tapered and U-shaped) fibers.

Investigation the influence of structure parameters on giant-magnetoimpedance effect measured by non-contact method

Sensor Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-656
Author(s):  
Zhu Feng ◽  
Shaotao Zhi ◽  
Xuecheng Sun ◽  
Lili Yan ◽  
Cui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Permeability ◽  
Magnetic Core ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Structure Parameters ◽  
Giant Magnetoimpedance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gmi Effect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the influence of structure parameters on giant-magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect measured by non-contact method. Design/methodology/approach The GMI sensor contains a Co-based internal magnetic core fabricated by laser cutting and an external solenoid. The influences of magnetic permeability of magnetic core and structure parameters on GMI effect were calculated in theoretical model. The output impedance, resistance, reactance and GMI ratio were measured by non-contact method using impedance analyzer. Findings Enhancing external magnetic field intensity can decrease the magnetic permeability of core, which has vital influences on the magnetic property and the output response of GMI sensor. In addition, increasing the width of magnetic core and the number of solenoid turns can increase the maximum GMI ratio. The maximum GMI ratio is 3,230% with core width of 6 mm and solenoid turns of 200. Originality/value Comparing with traditional contact-measured GMI sensor, the maximum GMI ratio and the magnetic field sensitivity are improved and the power consumption is decreased in non-contact measured GMI sensor. GMI sensor measured by non-contact method has a wide range of potential applications in ultra-sensitive magnetic field detection.

The measurement of stress in steels of varying microstructure by magnetoacoustic and Barkhausen emission

1987 ◽  
Vol 414 (1847) ◽  
pp. 469-497 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Domain Wall ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Applied Stress ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Martensitic Steel ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Hardness ◽  
Wide Range

Magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) and Barkhausen emission (BE) have been measured as a function of applied magnetic field and tensile stress from mild-steel samples in a wide range of heat treatments, to develop a technique to measure stress without prior knowledge of the microstructure. The results are supplemented by measurements of magnetic coercivity and mechanical hardness. MAE is found to decrease with increasing applied stress, whereas the variation of BE is more complicated. The amplitudes of both MAE and BE, as well as the coercivity and hardness are also found to depend on the microstructure to varying degrees. Thus in ferritic-pearlitic and ferritic-pearlitic-martensitic steel MAE is much more sensitive to stress than to changes in microstructure, whereas the sensitivity of BE to stress and microstructure is similar. Above 50 MPa MAE is also more sensitive to stress in ferrite containing cementite, whereas BE both lacks a monotonic dependence upon stress and is sensitive to microstructure. In martensite, however, there is no MAE, the BE increasing monotonically with stress. Tempered martensitic structures give a weak MAE signal that is more sensitive to tempering temperature than applied stress, whereas the BE increases with stress for tempers below 500°C and decreases above. The dependence of MAE and BE on magnetic field are discussed in terms of domain-wall nucleation and irreversible motion in ferrite at higher fields, and irreversible wall motion through martensite or pearlite at lower fields. The results imply that MAE can be used alone to measure stress provided the general form of the microstructure is known; otherwise BE can be used as an additional technique to resolve any ambiguity.

scholarly journals Fiber-Optic Magnetic Field Sensing Based on Microfiber Knot Resonator with Magnetic Fluid Cladding

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqi Li ◽  
Shengli Pu ◽  
Yongliang Zhao ◽  
Tianjun Yao
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensors ◽  
Field Sensitivity ◽  
Ring Diameter ◽  
Field Sensing ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensing

A kind of all-fiber magnetic field sensing structure is proposed and demonstrated here. The sensing element includes a microfiber knot resonator (MKR) cladded with magnetic fluid (MF). The low-index MgF2 slab is adopted as the substrate. The sensitivity increases with the decrease of the MKR ring diameter. The achieved maximum magnetic field sensitivity is 277 pm/mT. The results of this work have the potential to promote the development of magnetically controllable optical devices and the design of ultra-compact cost-effective magnetic field sensors.

Magnetic Properties of Ferrogels

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Cooper ◽  
LeAnn Faidley ◽  
Sarah Timmons ◽  
Yi Han ◽  
Wei Hong
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Carbonyl Iron ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Pickup Coil ◽  
Active Behavior ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Excitation Frequencies ◽  
Iron Concentrations

This paper presents the magnetic properties of ferrogels subject to cyclic magnetic fields. Ferrogels are compliant materials composed of a nonmagnetic, flexible matrix with a micro- or nano-sized magnetic powder filler. In this paper a poly-vinyl-alcohol matrix is chemically cross-linked with sodium tetraborate and micro-sized particles of carbonyl iron are dispersed randomly in the sample. Ferrogels exhibit active behavior characterized by a deformation, a stiffness increase, and a change of other properties when subjected to a magnetic field making them promising future actuator materials. Furthermore, since the composition of ferrogels can be easily varied the active properties of these materials can be designed over a wide range of possibilities. In order for this to be possible however, a thorough understanding of the active behavior of these materials and its dependence on external factors is necessary. This paper focuses on the magnetic properties of PVA/carbonyl iron ferrogels and how they are dependent on internal and external factors. Magnetization of the ferrogel sample will be measured under a uniform, sinusoidal magnetic field for constrained and unconstrained samples with various iron concentrations and under a range of excitation frequencies. Uniform excitation fields of up to 500 G are created by passing current through a coil that is substantially larger than the sample size. Excitation frequencies of 0.1 Hz to 20 Hz and iron concentrations of 12 wt%, 20 wt% and 27 wt% are investigated. The magnetization is determined by measuring the voltage induced in a pickup coil that surrounds the ferrogel sample. The objective of these tests is to investigate the magnetic properties of a poly-vinylalcohol/carbonyl iron ferrogel to help in the future design of ferrogels for specific applications.

scholarly journals The Comparing of the Selected Temperature Sensors Compatible with the Arduino Platform

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-171
Author(s):  
Emil Škultéty ◽  
Elena Pivarčiová ◽  
Ladislav Karrach
Keyword(s):  
Production Quality ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Physical Principle ◽  
Measured Quantity ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
High Production ◽  
Almost All

Abstract One of the most frequently measured quantity is temperature, which is also one of the most important physical quantities. Temperature has influence on the almost all states and processes in the nature as well as in technique. A wide range of temperature sensors is currently available on the market. They use different measurement principles and exist in many designs. According to the location of the sensing element in the measured environment, they are divided into two main groups: contact and non-contact. Further, we can divide the temperature sensors according to the physical principle on which they work. The article deals with the analysis and comparison of selected Arduino-compatible contact temperature sensors. The temperature measurement of machine functional nodes and its diagnostics are part of maintenance and engineering diagnostics. At present, NC and CNC machine diagnostics are an important trend in machine condition monitoring and machine status prediction to maintain production quality. Machine status monitoring allows reducing of machine service costs as well as maintaining the high production quality.

scholarly journals Non-Destructive Testing of Aircraft Structures Using Microwire-Based Tensile Stress Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8218
Author(s):  
Miroslav Šmelko ◽  
Katarína Draganová ◽  
Pavol Lipovský ◽  
Karol Semrád ◽  
Monika Blišťanová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Aircraft Structures ◽  
Stress Sensors ◽  
Non Destructive

The development of non-destructive methods for material testing and diagnostics has been, in the last few decades, focused mainly on optical, infrared, thermography, ultrasonic, acoustic or X-ray principles. This article deals with the possibility of adaptation of magnetic sensors for the diagnostics of aircraft structures. The developed sensors are based on the enhanced induction method, allowing contactless diagnostics of the material structure. In the role of the sensing element, amorphous magnetic microwires were used. Thanks to their dimensions, microwires can either be placed on the material surface or be embedded directly into the composite material without structural violations. In the article, the measurement principles of the developed microwire-based tensile stress sensors, together with the experimental measurements with the sensors originally tested in the aircraft wing, are presented.

scholarly journals Synthesis of bulk crystals and thin films of the ferromagnetic MnSb

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-395
Author(s):  
Muhammadyusuf Jaloliddinzoda ◽  
Sergey F. Marenkin ◽  
Alexey I. Ril’ ◽  
Mikhail G. Vasil’ev ◽  
Alexander D. Izotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Curie Point ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Endothermic Effect ◽  
Magnetic Memory ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensors

High-temperature ferromagnets are widely used on a practical level. Based on them, magnetic memory for computers and various types of magnetic field sensors are created. Therefore, bulk ingots and thin-film samples of ferromagnet manganese antimonide (MnSb) with a high Curie point are of great interest, both from the practical and fundamental sides. Manganese antimonide films are obtained in hybrid structures using molecular-beam epitaxy. The thickness of the films does not exceed tens of nanometers. Despite their high sensitivity to magnetic fields, their small thickness prevents them from being used as magnetic field sensors. The aim of this work was to synthesise thick bulk ingots of manganese antimonide crystalsand films with a thickness of ~ 400 nm on sitall and silicon substrates. MnSb crystals were synthesised using the vacuum-ampoule method and identified using XRD, DTA, and microstructural analysis. The results of studies of bulk samples indicated the presence of an insignificant amount of antimony in additionto the MnSb phase. According to the DTA thermogram of the MnSb alloy, a small endothermic effect was observed at 572 °C, which corresponds to the melting of the eutectic on the part of antimony in the Mn-Sb system. Such composition, according to previous studies, guaranteed the production of manganese antimonide with the maximum Curie temperature. A study of the magnetic properties showed that the synthesised MnSb crystals were a soft ferromagnet with the Curie point ~ 587 K. Thin MnSb films were obtained by an original method using separate sequential deposition in a high vacuum of the Mnand Sb metals with their subsequent annealing. To optimise the process of obtaining films with stoichiometric composition, the dependences of the thickness of metal films on the parameters of the deposition process were calculated. The temperature range of annealing at which the metals interact with the formation of ferromagnetic MnSb films was established, the films were identified, and their electrical and magnetic properties were measured 

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