Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on early development of persimmon seedlings

Abstract The present study evaluated the effects of five species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on vegetative development parameters and nutrient uptake of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized experimental design with six treatments involving AMF inoculation (non-inoculated; Dentiscutata heterogama, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Rhizophagus clarus, Acaulospora scrobiculata and A. morrowiae), in sterile soil (Oxisol – Dystrophic Red Latosol) under greenhouse conditions. Persimmon seeds were germinated in sterile sand and the seedlings were transplanted to the sterile soil and received AMF inocula. After 360 days, the following vegetative parameters were analyzed: plant height, number of leaves, leaf surface area, stem diameter, shoot and root dry mass, percentage of root colonization and nutrient accumulation in shoot and root biomass. We observed different responses to the AMF species tested. Seedling height and leaf surface area were promoted by inoculation with D. heterogama and A. morrowiae, and these species also promoted a higher percentage of root colonization. Plants inoculated with D. heterogama and C. etunicatum presented a greater number of leaves, but only D. heterogama promoted significant increases in stem diameter. Shoot dry mass was improved by inoculation with D. heterogama, A. morrowiae and C. etunicatum, while the first two species and R. clarus increased root dry mass. Nutrient accumulation in shoot and root biomass was stimulated by AMF inoculation, especially by D. heterogama and A. morrowiae. Therefore, the effects on early vegetative development were more pronounced in the persimmon seedlings inoculated with D. heterogama.

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Growth and physiology of the citrange ‘Fepagro C37 Reck’ rootstock innoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/0034-737x201865040008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 356-363

Author(s):

Marina Martinello Back ◽

Gabriela Fedrizzi ◽

Paulo Vitor Dutra de Souza

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Plant Root ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Symbiont Species ◽

Amf Inoculation

ABSTRACT The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the production of rootstocks is a strategy to promote faster plant growth. However, this response depends on the symbiont species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) on the development and physiology of citrange 'Fepagro C37 Reck' rootstock. Four species of AMF were used in the experiment: Scutellospora heterogama, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus etunicatum, and Acaulospora sp., and a control treatment. The experiment was arranged in a randomized blocks design, with 5 treatments, 3 replicates, and 10 plants per plot. Every 15 days, height (cm) and stem diameter (mm) of plants were measured in the nursery. At 330 days, the number of leaves, leaf area (cm²), fresh and dry mass of roots and shoot (g/plant), root and shoot reserve content, and AMF colonization were evaluated. The AMF inoculation promoted an accelerated vegetative growth, resulting in greater height and diameter. The fungi also promoted greater absorption of most of the nutrients and increase in all other parameters evaluated. However, no effect was found on the reserve content of the rootstock. Roots were colonized with moderate presence of arbuscules and low presence of vesicles. AMF, regardless of species, influence the development and physiology of the citrange 'Fepagro C37 Reck' rootstock.

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Penekanan Perkembangan Penyakit Bercak Ungu pada Bawang Merah oleh Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia ◽

10.14692/jfi.12.5.159 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

Marlina Puspita Sari ◽

Bambang Hadisutrisno ◽

Suryanti Suryanti

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Plant Height ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Biocontrol Agent ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Higher Plant ◽

Fungicide Treatment ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Amf Inoculation

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is known to improve the growth of shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) and strengthen the resistance of plants toward disease infection. This research aimed to find out the roles of AMF in suppressing the development of purple blotch disease caused by Alternaria sp. on shallot in Caturtunggal, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Inoculation of AMF either on fertilization of N, P, K or without fertilization treatment resulted on higher plant height and number of leaves compared to those without AMF inoculation. The plant inoculated with AMF had lower purple blotch disease intensity and disease progression than control and fungicide treatment. The result showed that AMF, in addition to act as the bio-fertilizer, is a potential to be a biocontrol agent.

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Unraveling the Interaction between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Camellia Plants

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7090322 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 322

Author(s):

Rui-Cheng Liu ◽

Zhi-Yan Xiao ◽

Abeer Hashem ◽

Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah ◽

Yong-Jie Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Nutrient Acquisition ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Promote Plant Growth ◽

Amf Inoculation

Camellia is a genus of evergreen shrubs or trees, such as C. japonica, C. sinensis, C. oleifera, etc. A group of beneficial soil microorganisms, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), inhabit the rhizosphere of these Camellia spp. A total of eight genera of Acaulospora, Entrophospora, Funneliformis, Gigaspora, Glomus, Pacispora, Scutellospora, and Sclerocystis were found to be associated with Camellia plants with Glomus and/or Acaulospora being most abundant. These mycorrhizal fungi can colonize the roots of Camellia spp. and thus form arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts. AMF is an important partner of Camellia spp. in the field of physiological activities. Studies indicated that AMF inoculation has been shown to promote plant growth, improve nutrient acquisition and nutritional quality, and increase resistance to drought, salinity and heavy metal contamination in potted Camellia. This review thus provides a comprehensive overview of AMF species occurring in the rhizosphere of Camellia spp. and summarizes the variation in root AMF colonization rate as well as the environmental factors and soil nutrients affecting root colonization. The paper also reviews the effects of AMF on plant growth response, nutrient acquisition, food quality, and stress tolerance of Camellia spp.

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Inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as a strategy to improve annatto (Bixa orellana L.) growth

Acta Scientiarum Biological Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascibiolsci.v43i1.54742 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. e54742

Author(s):

Marília Malta Cavalcante Mendes Pontes ◽

José de Paula Oliveira ◽

Maria do Carmo Silva Barreto ◽

Eric Xavier de Carvalho ◽

Adalia Cavalcanti do Espírito Santo Mergulhão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Bixa Orellana ◽

Forest Zone ◽

Biometric Parameters ◽

Amf Inoculation

This study aimed to assess the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in annatto (Bixa orellana L.) cultivars and their response to AMF inoculation using biometric parameters. The occurrence surveys were conducted in annatto fields in three municipalities from Pernambuco Forest Zone: Lagoa de Itaenga, Gloria de Goitá, and Vitoria de Santo Antão, and in four cultivars (Red Piave, Green Piave, Red Peruvian Paulista, and Green Peruvian Paulista). In a greenhouse, biometric parameters of annatto seedlings of Red Piave, Red Peruvian Paulista, Embrapa-36, and Embrapa-37 cultivars inoculated with AMF isolated from annatto fields. The Red Piave cultivar exhibited greater root colonization than the Green Peruvian Paulista in the Lagoa de Itaenga and Vitoria de Santo Antão municipalities. The cultivar Red Piave showed a more beneficial association with AMF in plants and soil than cultivar Green Peruvian Paulista did, in both Lagoa de Itaenga and Vitoria de Santo Antão. AMF inoculation was effective in promoting the growth of annatto plants, particularly those inoculants with S. heterogama and C. etunicatum.

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Fatty Acid Composition and Eco-Agronomical Traits of Lallemantia Species Modulated Upon Exposed To Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Nano Iron Chelate Fertilizers Under Water Deficit Conditions

10.21203/rs.3.rs-143811/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arezoo Paravar ◽

Saeideh Maleki Farahani ◽

Ali Reza Rezazadeh

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Iron Chelate ◽

Amf Inoculation

Abstract Background: Application nano iron chelate and AMF fertilizer can increase plants' tolerance against water deficit stress. The main objectives of the current study were to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and nano iron chelate fertilizer under drought stress on grain yield, leaf chlorophyll contents, root colonization, oil percentage, and fatty acids profile of Lallemantia species. The experiment was carried out as a factorial based on a complete randomized block design consisting of three factors of irrigation levels of 90 (I90), 60 (I60), and 30% (I30) depletion of available soil water (ASW)), fertilizer levels of control (no fertilizer), AMF inoculation, and nano iron chelate, and plant species of Lallemantia (L. iberica and L. royleana) at the Research Farm of College of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran, in 2018/2019. Results: The results showed that increasing water deficit stress significantly decreased the above traits while applying nano iron and AMF fertilizers significantly increased them across water treatments. AMF fertilizer inoculation significantly improved both species yield. Higher root colonization by AMF inoculation enhanced seed oil and fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid, and Eicosenoic acid). In contrast, applying nano iron chelate by increasing chlorophyll content in any irrigation regime could enhance seed oil and some fatty acids such as palmitoleic acid. Conclusions: Water deficit stress and application of fertilizers had different effects on both species. L. iberica, compared to L. royleana, had the most tolerance to water deficit stress and the highest dependence on AMF inoculation. Overall, these results demonstrated that the application of AMF could improve major features of Lallemantia species under deficit irrigation conditions, especially at the I60 irrigation level.

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Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Iler (Coleus scutellarioides (L.) Benth) pada Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan terhadap Inokulasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular (FMA)

Journal of Tropical Silviculture ◽

10.29244/j-siltrop.12.1.17-22 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 17-22

Author(s):

Eva Proditus Sianturi ◽

Budiman Budiman ◽

Moh. Ega Elman Miska

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Optimal Level ◽

Root Infection ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Amf Inoculation ◽

Number Of Branches

Iler plant (Coleus artopurporeus L benth) is a plant that was originally cultivated as an ornamental plant and then developed as a medicinal plant because it contains flavonoids and anthocyanins. Drought stress is a major environmental problem that causes various changes in plant morphological, metabolic and physiological functions. Utilization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) is an effort to support the growth and development of iler plants in drought stress conditions. This study aims to determine the effect of AMF inoculation on the growth of iler plants under drought stress conditions, determine the optimal level of drought stress for ilher plant growth, and determine the best interaction between AMF inoculation and the level of drought stress on the growth of iler plants. The design used in this study was a completely randomized factorial 2-factor design. The first factor is AMF inoculation consisting of 2 levels, namely, without administration of AMF inoculum and AMF inoculum administration. The second factor is drought stress consists of 3 levels namely, 100% field capacity, 90% drought stress, and 45% drought stress. The results showed the effectiveness of the AMF inoculum test was able to increase the growth of iler plants based on parameters plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, root length, root volume, root dry weight, number of spores and root infection. The optimal level of drought stress for iler plant growth is 90% drought stress, it is based on the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, root length, number of spores and root infection. There is the best interaction between AMF inoculation and 90% drought stress level on the growth of iler plants. These interactions can increase plant height, leaf area, number of spores and root infection. Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (FMA), drought stress, iler plants

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Effects of different vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of Fraxinusamericana

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x83-085 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 589-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Valentin Furlan ◽

J. André Fortin ◽

Christian Plenchette

Keyword(s):

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Root Colonization ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Growth Enhancement ◽

White Ash ◽

Vesicular Arbuscular ◽

The Difference ◽

Glomus Sp

White ash seedlings (Fraxinusamericana L.) were inoculated with five species of endomycorrhizal fungi. On the 2nd week after transplantation, growth of inoculated plants differed from control plants. Growth also differed between each fungal species used, but the difference decreased after 82 days of culture. Only dry mass remained higher in plants inoculated with Glomusepigaeum Daniels & Trappe, Glomus sp. No. 3, and Glomusmonosporum Gerd. & Trappe. A significant growth enhancement was obtained even with a low level of root colonization.

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Growth, physiological, and biochemical responses of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) to the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under cadmium stress conditions

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha49311924 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 11924

Author(s):

Seyed A. HOSSEINI ◽

Roya ROSTAMI ◽

Behrooz ESMAIELPOUR ◽

Alireza ETMINAN ◽

Ghobad SALIMI

Keyword(s):

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Stability Index ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Cadmium Stress ◽

Thymus Vulgaris ◽

Cd Stress ◽

Membrane Stability Index ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Amf Inoculation

Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants used in various pharmaceutical, osmotic, health, and food industries. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis is viewed as one of the several methods to improve growth under heavy metals stress. To investigate the effects of cadmium (Cd) and AMF bio-fertilizers on the growth and morpho-physiological characteristics of thyme, a greenhouse experiment was performed in three replications. Experimental treatments included Cd at three levels 0, 75, and 150 mg/kg of soil and AMF at three levels without inoculation, inoculation with Funneliformis etunicatum, and Funneliformis mosseae. Cadmium stressed plant showed reduced plant height, number of leaves, stem fresh and dry weight, and root fresh and dry weight while AMF inoculation enhanced the increased means of these traits considerably. Inoculation with F. mosseae also ameliorated the Cd stress (150 mg/kg) induced reduction in plant height, number of leaves, and stem and root dry weight by 13.41%, 8.42%, 30.3%, and 22.2%, respectively. Cadmium stress reduced membrane stability index while AMF inoculation enhanced membrane stability index considerably. An increase in soluble carbohydrate and proline content was observed due to Cd stress and AMF inoculation caused a further increase in these two metabolite contents ensuring better growth under Cd stressed conditions. Results indicated that F. mosseae had a higher efficiency in increasing morphological traits and improving physiological characteristics than F. etunicatum. Overall, AMF inoculation, especially F. mosseae significant ameliorative potential for Cd toxicity in thyme plants.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi decrease Meloidogyne enterolobii infection of Guava seedlings

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x20000668 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 94 ◽

Author(s):

C.S.B. de Sá ◽

M.A.S. Campos

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Sterile Soil ◽

Meloidogyne Enterolobii ◽

Fruit Growing ◽

Over Time ◽

Amf Inoculation

Abstract Guava (Psidium guajava L.) production is prominent in the irrigated fruit growing area of Brazil. However, the parasite Meloidogyne enterolobii (a phytonematode) has caused a decrease in guava production. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to be beneficial to plants; however, their ability to protect plants against nematodes such as M. enterolobii remains poorly known. This study aimed to monitor M. enterolobii infection in guava seedlings inoculated with three AMF species. After AMF inoculation, the seedlings were grown in sterile soil for 60 days before inoculation with 2000 M. enterolobii eggs. Plant growth parameters, mycorrhizal colonization and the number of Meloidogyne in the roots were determined over time (30 and 60 days after Meloidogyne inoculation). The AMF enhanced guava seedling growth, and reduced the amount of Meloidogyne in the roots at 30 and 60 days after nematode inoculation, indicating that these AMF species could serve as biocontrol agents of M. enterolobii in guava cultivation.

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