scholarly journals Specific and Holistic Predictors of Sprint Front Crawl Swimming Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Marek Strzała ◽  
Arkadiusz Stanula ◽  
Piotr Krężałek ◽  
Wojciech Rejdych ◽  
Jakub Karpiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Arm Cranking ◽  
Front Crawl ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Fitness Assessment ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sprint Swimming

Abstract The aim of the study was to examine the impact of selected water- and dry-land predictors of 50-m front crawl performance among 27 male swimmers aged 19.3 ± 2.67 years. The following water tests were performed: front crawl tethered arm stroking in a water flume (flow velocity: 0.9 m·s–1) and leg tethered flutter kicking in a swimming pool. Anaerobic tests on dry land included arm cranking and a set of 10 countermovement jumps. The maximal and average forces generated by legs in tethered swimming (Fl max and Fl ave) turned out to be the strongest predictors of sprint swimming aptitude. These values were strongly correlated with total speed (Vtotal50) (r = 0.49, p < 0.05 and r = 0.54, p < 0.01, respectively), start, turn, and finishing speed (VSTF) (r = 0.60, p < 0.01 and r = 0.67, p < 0.01, respectively). The relationship of Fl max and Fl ave with surface speed (Vsurface) was moderate (r = 0.33, non-significant and r = 0.41, p < 0.05, respectively). The maximal force generated by arms (Fa max) during flume tethered swimming significantly influenced Vsurface and Vtotal50 (0.51, p < 0.01 and 0.47, p < 0.05, respectively). Its relationship with VSTF was close to significant (0.36, p = 0.07). Upper and lower limb dry-land tests showed lower and more holistic relationships with the 50-m front crawl race, however, being a good complement to overall fitness assessment. Specific in-water evaluation, especially the newly prepared flutter kicking test, as well as dry-land tests, can be applied to regularly monitor progress in swimming training, and to identify talented swimmers.

scholarly journals Body composition and specific and general strength indices as predictors of 100-m front crawl performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Strzała ◽  
Arkadiusz Stanula ◽  
Piotr Krężałek ◽  
Wojciech Sadowski ◽  
Robert Wilk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximal Power ◽  
Arm Cranking ◽  
Front Crawl ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Average Work ◽  
Propulsion Force ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of body composition on the anaerobic ability to generate strength and power produced separately by upper and lower limbs during dry-land and in-water (propulsion force) tests. Further examination included the influence of all gathered anaerobic strength indices on the results of 100-m front crawl race. Methods: The study involved 26 male swimmers (age: 19.8 ± 2.48 years). Fat-free mass, total body water and muscle mass of arms, legs, and trunk were measured. Dry-land average work, maximal power generated in 40-second arm-cranking test, and work generated in 20 countermovement jumps were evaluated. The forces generated separately by arms and legs were assessed during 40-second tethered swimming. All indices of body composition were found strongly correlated with indices of average work and maximal power generated by arms and legs in dryland tests. Results: Muscle mass of arms and trunk moderately and strongly (r = 0.44–0.64) influenced the force generated by arms in tethered swimming. There was no significance in the relationship of leg muscle mass and force generated by legs in tethered swimming. Significant relationships were observed between the results of the 100-m front crawl and the muscle mass of the arms, trunk, legs, as well as the average work and maximal power in the arm-cranking test (r: 0.39–0.54). The average impulse of arm force and maximal leg force in tethered swimming moderately and significantly correlated with 100-m swimming results. Conclusions: The study concludes the relevance of developing muscle mass balanced to the body size, which is involved in propulsion force production in sprint front crawl swimming.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Isokinetic Shoulder Evaluation and Fitness Characteristics of Elite French Female Water-Polo Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Olivier ◽  
Frédéric N. Daussin
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Front Crawl ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Water Polo ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Swimming and throwing are involved in water-polo player performance. These movements have a common biomechanical basis in the use of the internal shoulder rotation and adductor muscles. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between shoulder isokinetic evaluation and throwing velocity as well as swimming performance in female water-polo players. Fifteen high level water-polo players completed two isokinetic shoulder evaluations to determine peak torque of shoulder rotators of the dominant shoulder (concentric and eccentric movements at an angular velocity of 60°·s-1 and concentric movements at an angular velocity of 240°·s-1) and shoulder extensors of both arms (concentric movements at an angular velocity of 60°·s-1 and 240°·s-1). Throwing velocity was measured using a radar gun placed 5 m behind the goal post. Front crawl swimming velocity was determined at 25 m, 100 m and 400 m distances. Concentric peak torque at 60°·s-1 and 240°·s-1 of internal rotators and eccentric peak torque at 60°·s-1 of external rotators were predictors of throwing velocity. The best model to explain the relationship between isokinetic evaluations and throwing velocity was obtained with concentric IR peak torque at 60°·s-1 and eccentric ER peak torque at 60°·s-1 (r2 = 0.52, p = 0.012). Relative total work done and peak torque of shoulder extensors were predictors of 25 m swimming velocity. Shoulder isokinetic evaluations correlate significantly with swimming performance and throwing velocity of female water-polo players. The results may help coaches to develop new strategies such as eccentric dry land training programs to increase both shoulder external rotators strength and throwing velocity.

Cumulative Achievement in a Mastery Instructional System: The Impact of Differences in Resultant Achievement Motivation and Persistence

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Grabe ◽  
R. Michael Latta
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Instructional System ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
College Courses ◽  
Student Effort ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study developed an approach to evaluating the appropriateness of student effort within a mastery instructional system and then investigated the interrelationship of achievement motivation, effort, and achievement in two college courses. Appropriate effort was strongly correlated with student achievement, even when differences in student aptitude were controlled. In several instances achievement motivation was also shown to be related to the variables assessing student effort and achievement. Path analysis indicated that the influence of achievement motivation on achievement was mostly determined by the relationship of achievement motivation and student errors in expending appropriate effort.

Business: Making Cents of Coding Systems: Billing for Professional Services

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Dee Adams Nikjeh
Keyword(s):  
Professional Services ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Program Funding ◽  
Fee Schedule ◽  
Procedure Codes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Administrators and supervisors face daily challenges over issues such as program funding, service fees, correct coding procedures, and the ever-changing healthcare regulations. Receiving equitable reimbursement for speech-language pathology and audiology services necessitates an understanding of federal coding and reimbursement systems. This tutorial provides information pertaining to two major healthcare coding systems and explains the relationship of these systems to clinical documentation, the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule and equitable reimbursement. An explanation of coding edits and coding modifiers is provided for use in those occasional atypical situations when the standard use of procedural coding may not be appropriate. Also included in this tutorial is a brief discussion of the impact that the Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008 (HR 6331 Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act [MIPPA], 2008) has had on the valuation of speech-language pathology procedure codes.

scholarly journals The Relationship of CSR Communication on Social Media with Consumer Purchase Intention and Brand Admiration

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1217-1230
Author(s):  
Shuchi Gupta ◽  
Nishad Nawaz ◽  
Adel Abdulmhsen Alfalah ◽  
Rana Tahir Naveed ◽  
Saqib Muneer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Csr Communication ◽  
Consumer Purchase Intention ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

With the advent of the Internet and other digital technologies, contemporary businesses from all sectors are using social media for communication with consumers to engage them meaningfully with a brand. However, the use of social media for corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication is relatively new to the existing literature. Likewise, the impact of CSR communication through social media (CSR-S) on consumer emotions and behavior is, to date, underexplored. To address this, the present research aims to test the relationship of CSR-S on brand admiration and consumer purchase intention. The study proposes a direct relationship between CSR-S and purchase intention with a mediating effect of brand admiration. The data were collected from the banking consumers of Pakistan through a self-administered questionnaire. The authors distributed 800 questionnaires and received 463 questionnaires useful for data analysis, so the present research study response rate was around 59%. The data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique in AMOS. The results revealed that CSR-S is positively related to purchase intention (β = 0.233). The results further showed that brand admiration partially mediates this relationship (β = 0.079). The survey respondents confirmed that their bank’s CSR communication helps enhance their purchase likelihood and their feelings of admiration for their bank. These findings will help policymakers at banking institutions better understand the importance of CSR communication on different social media platforms to achieve consumer-related outcomes.

scholarly journals Ethics of Retailers and Consumer Behavior in E-Commerce

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-126
Author(s):  
Zhi Yang ◽  
Quang Van Ngo ◽  
Chung Xuan Thi Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Online Retailers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In the era of the information-communication technology with the development of electronic commerce, consumers can buy almost everything anywhere and at any time. One of the greatest benefits of e-commerce has been the convenience and the vast choices which consumers get online. However, some serious issues exist that impede consumers from transaction online. These issues have attracted the attention of many marketing researchers in recent years. In this research, the authors focus on the impact of consumers' ethics perception of e-retailer on their purchase intention and satisfaction. The authors also try to clarify the roles of trust and commitment in the relationship of ethics on consumers purchase decision and satisfaction because of their importance in e-commerce but also the privation in the research of previous studies. The data collected from a survey of 390 online consumers in Vietnam. Results reveal that there are significant relationships between online retailers' ethics and consumers' purchase intention and satisfaction via the mediation of trust and commitment.

The impact of tinnitus characteristics and associated variables on tinnitus-related handicap

2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Degeest ◽  
P Corthals ◽  
I Dhooge ◽  
H Keppler
Keyword(s):  
Additional Insight ◽  
Tinnitus Handicap Inventory ◽  
Hearing Status ◽  
Questionnaire Score ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sample Case ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Associated Variables

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to determine the characteristics of tinnitus and tinnitus-related variables and explore their possible relationship with tinnitus-related handicap.Methods:Eighty-one patients with chronic tinnitus were included. The study protocol measured hearing status, tinnitus pitch, loudness, maskability and loudness discomfort levels. All patients filled in the Tinnitus Sample Case History Questionnaire, the Hyperacusis Questionnaire and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory. The relationship of each variable with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.Results:Five univariables were associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score: loudness discomfort level, subjective tinnitus loudness, tinnitus awareness, noise intolerance and Hyperacusis Questionnaire score. Multiple regression analysis showed that the Hyperacusis Questionnaire score and tinnitus awareness were independently associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score.Conclusion:Hyperacusis and tinnitus awareness were independently associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score. Questionnaires on tinnitus and hyperacusis are especially suited to providing additional insight into tinnitus-related handicap and are therefore useful for evaluating tinnitus patients.

scholarly journals Impact of Authoritative and Laissez-Faire Leadership on Thriving at Work: The Moderating Role of Conscientiousness

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-685
Author(s):  
Zulfiqar Ahmed Iqbal ◽  
Ghulam Abid ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Fouzia Ashfaq ◽  
Muhammad Ahsan Athar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Work Relationship ◽  
Laissez Faire ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Thriving At Work

This study empirically investigates the less discussed catalytic effect of personality in the relationship of leadership style and employee thriving at work. The growth and sustainability of the organization is linked with the association of leadership style and employee thriving at the worplace. The objectives of this study are to explore the impact of authoritative and laissez-faire leadership styles and the moderating role of the personality trait of conscientiousness on thriving in the workplace. A sample of 312 participants was taken from a leading school system with its branches in Lahore and Islamabad, Pakistan. The participants either worked as managers, teachers in headquarters, or school campuses, respectively. The regression results of the study show that authoritative leadership and conscientiousness have a significantly positive impact on thriving at work. Furthermore, conscientiousness moderates the relationship between laissez-faire style of leadership and thriving at work relationship. The findings of this study have theoretical implications for authoritative and laissez-faire leadership, employee conscientiousness, and managerial applications for the practitioners.

The impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine on mitophagy in disease models

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ping Yu ◽  
Ting-Ting Shi ◽  
Yan-Qin Li ◽  
Jian-Kang Mu ◽  
Ya-Qin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

: Mitophagy plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial quality and cell homeostasis through the degradation of damaged, aged, and dysfunctional mitochondria and misfolded proteins. Many human diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases, are related to disorders of mitochondrial phagocytosis. Exploring the regulatory mechanisms of mitophagy is of great significance for revealing the molecular mechanisms underlying the related diseases. Herein, we summarize the major mechanisms of mitophagy, the relationship of mitophagy with human diseases, and the role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in mitophagy. These discussions enhance our knowledge of mitophagy and its potential therapeutic targets using TCM.

Understanding Learning Environments, Personality, and Proctoring During Mandatory Remote Delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 767-770
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Campus Housing ◽  
Learning Success ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

To evaluate students’ online learning environments, the relationship between personality and online learning success, and students’ perceptions about online proctoring during mandatory remote delivery due to the pandemic, students responded to an online survey. Learning environments generally included houses and rarely included on-campus housing. The specific room type was predominantly the bedroom. Only conscientiousness was related positively to anticipated semester GPA. The positive relationship between anticipated and overall GPA supports the notion that more conscientious students tend to be successful in online learning situations, as online education was rated as slightly ineffective. A majority of students did not see a need for online proctoring due to the inability or time required to search for materials, which would only harm one’s performance. There is a need to research further the impact of the study environment, relationship of the students’ personality to learning success, and consequences of online proctoring during remote learning.

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