scholarly journals Responding Violence: The Haskamot of Barcelona and the Jewish Political Tradition

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Macías
Keyword(s):  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Political Tradition ◽  
Crown Of Aragon ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Church

AbstractThe aim of this article is to present the Haskamot of Barcelona of 1354 in their political and legal context. These agreements were a response to the difficult situation faced by the Jews of the Crown of Aragon in the 14th c., when natural and human disasters threatened the survival of their communities. The target of this project was to assemble all the aljamas of the Crown in a supra-communal assembly of representatives. The drafters also wished to achieve a number a measures from the King and the Church improving the delicate situation of Catalan-Aragonese Jewry. These Haskamot, despite they did not succeed on their objectives, are a perfect starting point for any research on the legal and jurisdictional relations between Christians and Jews.

Dreams Give Birth to Reality”. Engraving Austroseraphicum Coelum as an Attempt to Create a New Reality by the Spanish Habsburgs Dynastic Propaganda / Sny rodzą rzeczywistość…”. Grafika Austroseraphicum Coelum jako próba kreowania nowej rzeczywistości za pomocą propagandy dynastycznej Habsburgów hiszpańskich

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kurowiak
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Symbolic System ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Mission Of God ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church

AbstractAs a work of propaganda, graphics Austroseraphicum Coelum Paulus Pontius should create a new reality, make appearances. The main impression while seeing the graphics is the admiration for the power of Habsburgs, which interacts with the power of the Mother of God. She, in turn, refers the viewer to God, as well as Franciscans placed on the graphic, they become a symbol of the Church. This is a starting point for further interpretation of the drawing. By the presence of certain characters, allegories, symbols, we can see references to a particular political situation in the Netherlands - the war with the northern provinces of Spain. The message of the graphic is: the Spanish Habsburgs, commissioned by the mission of God, they are able to fight all of the enemies, especially Protestants, with the help of Immaculate and the Franciscans. The main aim of the graphic is to convince the viewer that this will happen and to create in his mind a vision of the new reality. But Spain was in the seventeenth century nothing but a shadow of former itself (in the time of Philip IV the general condition of Spain get worse). That was the reason why they wanted to hold the belief that the empire continues unwavering. The form of this work (graphics), also allowed to export them around the world, and the ambiguity of the symbolic system, its contents relate to different contexts, and as a result, the Habsburgs, not only Spanish, they could promote their strength everywhere. Therefore it was used very well as a single work of propaganda, as well as a part of a broader campaign

scholarly journals The Energy Transition in the Visegrad Group Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2212
Author(s):  
Ewelina Kochanek
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Visegrad Group

The aim of the research is to analyse the energy transition in the Visegrad Group countries, because they depend on the production of energy from the burning of fossil fuels, and transition is a huge challenge for them. The diversity of the energy transformation in the V4 countries was examined by using two qualitative methods, including literature analysis and comparative analysis. The timeframe of the study was set for the period from 2020 to 2030, as these years are crucial for the implementation of the European Green Deal Programme. Four diagnostic features were taken into account in the analysis: the share of RES in final energy consumption, reduction of CO2 emissions in the non-Emissions Trading System (ETS) sector, date of withdrawal of coal from the economy, and energy efficiency. The analysis shows that the V4 countries have different approaches and levels of energy transformation in their economies. Poland is in the most difficult situation, being the most dependent on the production of electricity from coal, as well as having the largest number of employees in the coal and around coal sector. The other countries of the group can base their transformation on nuclear energy, as each of them has at least four such power units. The increased use of biomass for energy and heat production is the most important stimulus for Renewable Energy Sources (RES) growth in the analysed countries. The ambivalent attitude of the political elite to unconventional sources in the four analysed countries significantly hinders the development of certain forms of green energy. However, it has been observed that an increasing proportion of the population, especially those living in regions of the country where there is no fossil fuel mining industry, has a positive attitude towards energy transformation. The study is the first that shows the state of involvement in the process of systemic change of the Visegrad Group countries. The results can serve as a starting point for understanding the reticence of this group of European countries towards the transformation phenomenon, as well as contributing to further research on the implementation of closed-circuit economies in the Visegrad Group countries.

Bernini's S. Andrea al Quirinale: Payments and Planning

1982 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Connors
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Account ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Church

S. Andrea al Quirinale was Bernini's architectural masterpiece. A detailed account in the Jesuit Archives now allows a more exact chronology and shows how the design evolved over a fourteen-year period, 1658-1672. The church, which is often compared to a jewelbox, is used as the starting point for a discussion of various attitudes to wealth on the part of baroque architects and patrons. The issue of Bernini's classicism as an architect is discussed with reference to his use of geometry and his development as a designer of church façades. The famous rivalry between Bernini and Borromini is seen as a result of fundamental differences of principle, though some examples are presented from the late 17th and early 18th centuries which show attempts to reconcile the styles and approaches of the two unfriendly geniuses.

The 1912 Duma Elections: The State, the Opposition and the Clergy

Orthodoxia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
F. A. Gayda
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Church

This article deals with the political situation around the elections to the State Duma of the Russian Empire in 1912 (4th convocation). The main actors of the campaign were the government, local administration, liberal opposition and the clergy of the Orthodox Russian Church. After the 1905 revolution, the “official Church” found itself in a difficult situation. In particular, anti-Church criticism intensified sharply and was expressed now quite openly, both in the press and from the rostrum of the Duma. A consequence of these circumstances was that in this Duma campaign, for the first time in the history of Russian parliamentarianism, “administrative resources” were widely used. At the same time, the authorities failed to achieve their political objectives. The Russian clergy became actively involved in the election campaign. The government sought to use the conflict between the liberal majority in the third Duma and the clerical hierarchy. Duma members launched an active criticism of the Orthodox clergy, using Grigory Rasputin as an excuse. Even staunch conservatives spoke negatively about Rasputin. According to the results of the election campaign, the opposition was even more active in using the label “Rasputinians” against the Holy Synod and the Russian episcopate. Forty-seven persons of clerical rank were elected to the House — three fewer than in the previous Duma. As a result, the assembly of the clergy elected to the Duma decided not to form its own group, but to spread out among the factions. An active campaign in Parliament and the press not only created a certain public mood, but also provoked a political split and polarization within the clergy. The clergy themselves were generally inclined to blame the state authorities for the public isolation of the Church. The Duma election of 1912 seriously affected the attitude of the opposition and the public toward the bishopric after the February revolution of 1917.

scholarly journals PEMAHAMAN GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KATOLIK TENTANG TUGAS MISIONER GEREJA DAN PELAKSANAANNYA DI SLTA KATOLIK KOTA MADIUN

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-115
Author(s):  
Aloysius Iryanto ◽  
Don Bosco Karnan Ardijanto
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Catholic Schools ◽  
Catholic School ◽  
Catholic High Schools ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Religious Educators ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

The Sacrament of Baptism and of Confirmation urge the faithful to participate in the mission of the Church. One of various realizations of the Church’s mission is running the Catholic Schools.  In other words, all members of a Catholic school: teachers, employees, students, foundations or parents, are called and sent to be involved in the mission of the Church. One of the fruits of carrying out Church missionary duties in Catholic schools is baptism. In 2012-2016 the number of baptisms in the Catholic High Schools in the city of Madiun was 15 people. Starting from the above, several questions can be asked as the starting point of this research: 1) What is the Church’s mission? 2) What is the Church’s mission according to the Catholoc religious educators? 3) How do the Catholic religious educators implement the Church’s mission in the Catholic Senior High Schools in Madiun city? This study aims: describing the understanding of the Church’s mission, to analyze the understanding of Religious Educators on the Church’s mission and to analyze how the religious educators to realize the Church’s mission in the Catholic Senior High Schools in the Madiun city. To achieve these objectives, researcher used qualitative research methods with interview techniques. The respondents of this study were religious educators in four Catholic Senior High Schools in Madiun. The results of the study show that: 1) The Religious Educators know the understanding of the Church’s mission. 2) All faithful are responsible to participate in the Church’s mission. 3) The Religious Educators had to be responsible and to involve in the Church’s mission in Catholic Senior High Schools. 4) The Religious Educators had already done and implemented the Church’s mission in their schools. In fact, there were some difficulties come from extern or intern of the schools.

L’influenza de la Dialectique des “exercices spirituels” de Saint Ignace de Loyola nel pensiero di Jorge Mario Bergoglio

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 1707-1724
Author(s):  
Massimo Borghesi
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Society Of Jesus ◽  
Intellectual Biography ◽  
Ignatian Spirituality ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Polar Model ◽  
The Future ◽  
Polar Opposition ◽  
Intellectual Formation ◽  
The Church

When in October 2016 I started working on my book Jorge Mario Bergoglio. An intellectual biography I did not have the slightest idea of ​​the importance played by the figure and work of Gaston Fessard in the formation of Bergoglio’s thought. There was nothing to suggest that Gaston Fessard could be a relevant author for the intellectual formation of the future Pope. I was struck by the polar and dialectical model of thought that animated him, the possibility of harmonizing opposites, of inviting concepts to a common table that apparently could not be approached, because it places them in a higher plane in which they find their synthesis. This paradigm, of the Church and of the Society of Jesus as complexio oppositorum, finds its verification, according to Bergoglio, in the way in which the Jesuits have achieved the inculturation of the faith in the indigenous peoples of Latin America. Bergoglio rereads Ignatius in the light of a dialectical model. As he will say in one of the interviews he gave me on the occasion of the writing of my book: “In Ignatian spirituality there is always this bipolar tension”. It is certainly an original, uncommon reading of Ignatius’s thought. It is the ideal factor that allows us to explain why Bergoglio, when in 1986 he went to Frankfurt to write his doctoral thesis, chose the Guardinian essay dedicated to the polar opposition. When I concluded my volume on the intellectual biography of the future Pontiff in February 2017, one element, however, remained obscure. Where, from which author had Bergoglio drawn his polar model? Where did your antinomic reading of Ignatian spirituality come from? Not by Guardini discovered philosophically in 1986. Francis indicated the starting point of his intellectual formation. The reading of Fessard’s La dialectique des Exercices spirituels de saint Ignace de Loyola, published in 1956, is the work that “ had a great influence “ on him. It is the work that clarifies Bergoglio’s antinomian thought, his subsequent ideal encounter with Guardini’s philosophy.

Dethroning Irish Catholicism: Church, State and modernity in contemporary Ireland

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Carroll Cochran
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Church ◽  
Spiritual Voice

Using Charles Taylor’s A Catholic Modernity? as its starting point, David Cochrane explores the evolving role of Catholicism in Ireland over the last half century and concludes that the disentangling of the Church from the dominant political and cultural institutions of society has paradoxically extended many of the very values Catholicism celebrates. Due to the severing of its close traditional connection to the State, the Church has rediscovered its original mission to provide a prophetic spiritual voice, especially in favour of the poor, and to align itself more closely with the concerns of its founder, Jesus Christ.

John Gee, Archbishop Abbot, and the Use of Converts from Rome in Jacobean Anti-Catholicism

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Questier
Keyword(s):  
Roman Catholic ◽  
The Political ◽  
Roman Catholicism ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Politics And Literature ◽  
Catholic Priests ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Roman Catholic Priests ◽  
The Church ◽  
Point Of Reference

This article is concerned with one aspect of movement between religions in England at the end of the Jacobean period, namely the polemical use which could be made of the convert to Protestantism. The increasing likelihood of a successful conclusion of the Spanish Match negotiations had for some time been threatening the Protestant Establishment. In this climate, prominent changes of religion were of great interest to polemicists of both sides. As in Elizabeth’s reign, Protestants could attack the Church of Rome by focusing on the apostates from it. The point of reference from which this polemical use of conversion will be analysed is the best-selling vitriolic anti-Catholic tract written by the wavering Protestant minister John Gee, entitled The Foot out of the Snare. Gee is familiar to modern historians as a source on Roman Catholic priests in the 1620s but he is important also for the way in which he was employed as an anti-Catholic writer. His tract originated with the clerical group which gathered around Archbishop Abbot, clerics distinguished by their violent opposition to encroaching Roman Catholicism, evident in the likely success of the Spanish Marriage project and the conversions which had started to occur as the political climate changed. Gee’s tract may be used as a starting point to explore some of the politics and literature of conversion at this time.

scholarly journals The Bones of Contention: The Secularization of Cemeteries and Funerals in the Spanish Second Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-95
Author(s):  
Matthew Kerry
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Culture War ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
The People ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Church

The secularizing efforts of the Spanish Second Republic met fierce resistance from Catholics and the Church. Local authorities spearheaded secularization in an unclear legal context, yet they also attempted to mediate between different demands, while protecting Catholic sentiment and respecting property rights. Cemeteries and funeral processions were a key battleground in a ‘culture war’ which straddles the nineteenth-century preoccupation with the role of religion in the lives of Spanish citizens and the intensity of interwar conflict, the bitter struggles to occupy public space, and the mobilization of antagonistic conceptualizations of the ‘people’.

“Life because of Righteousness”

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-390
Author(s):  
David Starling
Keyword(s):  
Missio Dei ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Church Life ◽  
In Christ ◽  
Thesis Statement ◽  
The Church

This paper commences with an outline of the vision of the missio Dei that Paul offers to his readers in Rome, taking as a starting point the letter’s thesis statement in 1:16–17. The remainder of the paper traces the key pneumatological themes of the letter and orients them in relation to this overarching vision. The picture that emerges is one that highlights the close connectedness between the Spirit’s life-giving work and the saving righteousness manifested in Christ, proclaimed in the gospel, and at work within the church. Life without righteousness and righteousness without life are both, for Paul, equally unthinkable. 本文以保罗给他在罗马的读者提出的 missio Dei 异象的大纲为开始，用一章十六至十七节的论证作为起点，并在余下部分追溯此书信的关于圣灵论的课题，将其放在此书总括的异象之下。这样逐步出现的图画，即是赐生命的圣灵的工作与在耶稣基督里彰显的救赎的义之间紧密的联结，这救赎的义就是在福音里宣讲并在教会里运行工作的。对于保罗来说，没有义的生命和没有生命的义是同样不可思议的。 Este artículo comienza con un resumen de la visión de Missio Dei que Pablo ofrece a sus lectores en Roma, tomando como punto de partida la declaración de la tesis de Romanos 1: 16–17. El resto del artículo traza los temas pneumatológicos clave de la carta y los orienta en relación a esta visión global. La imagen que surge es una que pone de relieve la estrecha conexión entre el trabajo vivificante del Espíritu y la justicia salvífica manifestada en Cristo, proclamada en el Evangelio, y activa en la iglesia. Una vida sin rectitud y una justicia sin vida son, para Pablo, igualmente inconcenbibles. This article is in English.

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