scholarly journals Rain-Fed Plantations Of The Domesticated Ziziphus Mauritiana In The Sahel: Effects Of Varieties And Rootstocks On Yields And Fruit Quality

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ibrahim ◽  
Dov Pasternak ◽  
Iro Dan Guimbo ◽  
Abdou Salam Saidou ◽  
Moustapha Amadou
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Ziziphus Mauritiana ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Significant Linear Correlation ◽  
Agroecological Zones

AbstractA long-term study was conducted to explore the possibility of using traditional rain-fed systems for growing domesticatedZiziphus mauritiana(so-called Pomme du Sahel) in the Sahel. Five varieties, Gola, Ben Gurion, Seb, Umran and Kaithli, were grafted on six rootstocks ofZ.mauritianafrom various agroecological zones of Niger. Trees were planted inside microcatchments at 8 × 8 m spacing. Over a period of six years, the variety Umran gave the highest fruit yield (3600 kg·ha−1) and the lowest fruit yield was documented for variety Seb (1970 kg·ha−1). Individual fruit weight ranged from 25.8 g for ‘Umran’ to 9.5 g for ‘Seb’. The rootstocks had no effect on average fruits yields and fruit size. There was a significant linear correlation between fruit yield and annual rainfall. In a rainy year (680 mm), the average yield of the five varieties was 7580 kg·ha−1. The results of the current study indicate that dry land plantations of Pomme du Sahel can guarantee food security during dry years in the Sahel. However, further studies are required to evaluate the economic feasibility of this system.

scholarly journals RESPONSE AND ACCLIMATIZATION OF INTRODUCED JUJUBE (ZIZIPHUS MAURITIANA) VARIETY FOR THE UPLIFT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AT DESERT AREA OF THARPARKAR, SINDH, PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
A. K. Pathan ◽  
M. S. Depar ◽  
M. W. Kalroo ◽  
I. A. Rajput ◽  
R. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Ziziphus Mauritiana ◽  
Desert Area ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
The People ◽  
Harsh Climate

Current study was carried out for adaptability and response of newly introduced jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) variety in desert area of district Umerkot, Sindh with poor quality groundwater (>3500 ppm TSS). Aim of the study was to acclimatize this variety under harsh conditions to uplift the socio-economic situation of local population. The study was carried out for five consecutive fruiting seasons viz. flowering and fruiting season 2013-2014 to 2017-2018. The results revealed that during first fruiting season 2014-15, there were only three branches plant-1, 154 to 239 fruits branch-1, 462 to 879 fruits plant-1, 25.5 to 46.7 g fruit weight, 8.4 to 9.2 mm fruit size, 4.1 to 7.7 kg fruit yield plant-1 and 442.8 to 831.6 kg fruit yield acre-1. But from the third year to onwards i.e from 2015 to 2018 a continuous increase was observed for all characters studied like number of branches plant-1 increased from 5 to 8, number of fruits branch-1 increased from 339 to 375, total fruits plant-1 increased from 1695 to 2538, weight of fruit was increased from 58.6 to 107.15 g, size of fruit increased from 9.2 to 9.8 mm, yield plant-1 was increased from 11.0 to 31.45 kg, yield acre-1 was increased from 1188 to 3396 kg and water use efficiency increased from 2.7 to 10.6 kg m3. Considering the above results, it was concluded that Ziziphus fruit yield, weight and size increases from third year to onwards significantly on brackish water and soil of arid areas of Thar. Pruning each year after fruit harvesting was found to be essential. As this plant with stands in harsh climate of Thar desert successfully, so it provides food in the form of fruits, fodder through leaves and wood for fuel and shelter for humans and animals, thus it will be helpful to the people of Thar in terms of malnutrition, food scarcity and climate change, as well.

scholarly journals Leaf and Fruit Yield Performance of Telfairia occidentalis Hook F. (Fluted Pumpkin) as Influenced by Fruit Size

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uchechukwu Paschal CHUKWUDI ◽  
Christian Ugwu AGBO
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Fluted Pumpkin ◽  
Telfairia Occidentalis ◽  
Leaf Yield

An experiment to ascertain the influence of fruit size on the yield of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.) was conducted in 2011 and 2012 at Nsukka. The mature fruits of T. occidentalis were graded into three length groups: large (more than 50 cm), medium (34-50 cm) and small (less than 34 cm). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six replications. The following data were collected: length of the longest vine, number of leaves/plant, vine diameter, marketable leaf and fruit yield. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance while Genotype by Genotype x Environment interaction biplot was used to show which-won-where among the groups. Significant means were separated using Fisher’s least significant differences. Medium sized fruits gave the highest marketable leaf yield that was significantly higher than the small sized fruits in both years. Small sized fruits were significantly (p<0.05) lower in total leaf yield, fruit weight/hectare, fruit circumference (33.9 cm) and length (22 cm). The biplot explained 100% of the variation in the fruit sizes. Large sized fruits were the best performer in fruit length, while medium sized fruits performed better in total marketable leaf yield, average fruit weight, number of fruits/hectare and total fruit weight/hectare. The highest Benefit Cost Ratio of 1.2 and 2.6 in 2011 and 2012, respectively were obtained from medium sized fruits Medium sized fruit are recommended in favour of small sized fruit for leaf and fruit production, having higher economic returns.

scholarly journals Performances Of Heat Tolerant Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) Hybrids During Rainy Season

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ahmad ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MA Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Treated Plant ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Hybrid Lines

An investigation was undertaken with a view to observing the performance of newly developed summer tomato hybrids during May 2008 to September 2008 at experimental field of Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur. Number of fruits per plant, individual fruit weight, fruit size, etc. was significantly higher when the plants were treated with hormone. Fruit yield per plant was quite high in the hormone treated plant (1.57 kg) compared to untreated plants (0.90 kg). In general, all the hybrids performed better when treated with hormone in respect of yield compared to their corresponding untreated plants. The hybrid WP7 × C- 51 had the highest individual fruit weight (56.0 g) Among the hybrids, HT019 × WP10 had the highest fruit yield per plant (1.87 kg) closely followed by C-11 × WP10 (1.81 kg) when the plants were treated with hormone. The untreated plants of the hybrid lines C-41 × WP8, HT019 × WP10 and C-41 × WP10 produced more than 1.0 kg of fruits per plant. This indicates that there is bright scope of tomato production during summer through with and without hormone application, though application of hormone had positive effect on tomato yield. Keywords: Heat tolerant tomato hybrids; rainy season. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i2.9243 BJAR 2011; 36(2): 189-196

scholarly journals Partial Defoliation Can Decrease Average Leaf Size but Has Little Effect on Orange Tree Growth, Fruit Yield and Juice Quality

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 2011-2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongcai Yuan ◽  
Fernando Alferez ◽  
Igor Kostenyuk ◽  
Shila Singh ◽  
James P. Syvertsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Orange Trees

The effects of 2 consecutive years of annual defoliation during the harvest season on fruit size, yield, juice quality, leaf size and number were examined in trees of the midseason cultivar `Hamlin' and the late-season cultivar `Valencia' orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.]. In `Hamlin', removal of up to 50% of the leaves in late November had no effect on fruit yield, fruit number, fruit size, soluble solids yield, juice °Brix, and °Brix to acid ratio of juice the following year. In `Valencia', removal of 50% of the leaves in late March decreased fruit yield and soluble solids yield but did not affect Brix or the Brix to acid ratio of the juice. Leaf size of new flush was reduced by removal of 50% of the leaves in both cultivars but there was little effect on total canopy size. There were no measured effects of removing 25% of leaves from tree canopies. Thus, canopy growth, fruit yield, fruit quality, and leaf size were not negatively impacted when annual defoliations did not exceed 25% of the total canopy leaf area in `Valencia' and `Hamlin' orange trees for two consecutive years. Overall, fruit weight increased linearly with increasing ratio of leaf area to fruit number, suggesting that fruit enlargement can be limited by leaf area.

scholarly journals Effects of First and Second Flower Stamps on Growth and Production of Hybrid Pepper (Capsicum annuum L) Mace Varieties

2020 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Endro Puji Astoko
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
The Family ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Scientific Name

Chili is a shrub from the family of eggplant that has the scientific name Capsicum sp. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the first and second flower vines could stimulate vegetative growth of hybrid chili (Capsicum annuum L) varieties. Gada Experiment was carried out in Sumberurip Hamlet, Manggis Village, Ngancar District, Kediri Regency on dry land with Latosol soil type (sandy cane) and pH 6.0. The height of the place from sea level is around 450 above sea level, the average annual rainfall is 1,785 millimetres with 85 rainy days. The average temperature is 29°C and the type of climate is C3. The experiment was conducted from December 1, 2009 to February 30, 2010. The results of the study: the first and second flower flowering treatments in the hybrid red pepper variety of Gada significantly affected the fruit diameter and significantly affected the plant height at 70 days, the number of tertiary branches at the age of 70 days, fruit length, and number of fruits per plant and fruit weight. The highest production was achieved in the first and second flower treatment Z (P3), which is 16.6 grams per fruit which is equivalent to 25,853.17 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Fruit set, fruit retention and yield of chilli genotypes under hot and dry condition of western terai of Nepal

2018 ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
K. C. Dahal ◽  
M. D. Sharma ◽  
R. Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Fruit Number

 Thirteen selected chilli genotypes were evaluated in randomized completely block design with three replications to study the flowering, fruit set and yield potential during spring-summer of 2005 at Khajura, Banke (Western terai district of Nepal). High temperature, long drought period and hot wind blow during flowering and fruiting period severely affected the fruit set and fruit size. Only 18.81% flowers set fruits while 72.41% of set fruits reached to marketable size (harvesting). Wide variations observed in yield potential of the genotypes ranging total fruit number per plant from 6 to 71 and in total fruit yield 7.97 to 95.33 q/ha. The genotype Mr. Lee No. 3 Selex produced maximum marketable fresh fruit yield (90.69 q/ha) which was 234.5% higher than that of Jwala (standard check) with 50.57% fruit set and 74.93% fruit retention. One fruit per plant was 0.63 and 0.52 coefficient of fruit set (%) and fruit retention (%) respectively. Highly significant coefficient of determination (R2=0.86) of the product of fruit number per plant and 100 fruit weight (g) against fresh fruit yield (q/ha) showed that chilli genotypes yield can be predicted considering fruit number per plant and fruit weight in hot and dry summer condition.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 229-236

scholarly journals Henderson Altıntopu ve Bazı Şadok Çeşitlerinin Adana Ekolojik Koşullarında Verim ve Meyve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Berken Çimen ◽  
Meral İncesu ◽  
Turgut Yeşiloğlu ◽  
Bilge Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Adaptation Studies ◽  
Fruit Flesh ◽  
Citrus Hassaku

Pomelo [Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck] has the largest fruit size among citrus species. There are several cultivars for pomelo species which is sensitive to low temperatures thus its cultivation is possible in relatively preserved areas in subtropical regions. The interest to pomelo production has increased due to several reasons such as, its has a little or no bitterness in fruit flesh conversaly to grapefruit, avaibility of pigmented varieties, high concentration of vitamin C, total phenolics and carotenoids in fruit flesh, as well as its efficiency in destroying free radicals such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. Several pomelo varieties have been introduced to Turkey and adaptation studies have been established. In the present study, Reinking, Pomelo WN, Kao Panne and Citrus hassaku which is a spontaneous hybrid between pomelo and mandarin were investigated in terms of fruit yield and pomological characteristics. In addition, Henderson grapefruit was included in this study in order to obtain a comparasion between pomelo and grapefruit. A large variation was observed in fruit yield of cultivars established in 2011 and 2012. In 2011, the highest yield was determined in Henderson whereas it was obtained from Citrus hassaku in 2012. Pomelo varieties yielded between 5-60 kg fruit per tree and 8.6-50 kg fruit per tree in 2011 and 2012, respectively. In terms of pomological traits, Citrus hassaku had the highest fruit weight; Pink, Kao Panne and Reinking pomelos had the highest peel thickness and Pomelo WN yielded the highest TSS/TA ratio.

scholarly journals A Long-term Study on Native Variation of Flowering and Fruiting in Spur-type ‘Delicious’ Apple

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Bukovac ◽  
Paolo Sabbatini ◽  
Franco Zucconi ◽  
Phillip G. Schwallier
Keyword(s):  
Population Distribution ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Individual Trees

Alternate cropping is a common physiological trait in several important apple cultivars, including spur-type ‘Delicious’. Alternate bearing usually develops slowly in apple trees as they mature, but may be dramatically induced by environmental or biotic stresses. We describe the native temporal and within-year variation of bloom and yield of a highly uniform spur-type ‘Delicious’/M.106 population (n = 95) over a period of 9 years. Crop load was adjusted by hand in the first year to establish a defined normal fruit population distribution. Thereafter, all trees received identical practices. Bloom density (BD) was rated (1 to 10) and yield and fruit size distribution were determined annually on an individual tree basis. Temporal profiles for bloom and yield had four periods above and below the general mean (GM). There were two 3-year periods of nonbienniality. Annual variation in BD ranged from 3.1 to 8.0 and in yield from 54 to 168 kg/tree. Variation in cropping was greater when expressed as percentage deviation from the GM. Annual mean fruit weight was inversely related to yield, but percentage of small- (51 to 64 mm) or large-diameter fruit (70 to 82 mm) was not consistently related to yield. The within-year cv ranged from ≈11% to 66% for BD and from 13% to 42% for yield. The degree of synchrony (within-year variation) was lowest in the year after crop adjustment (to normal distribution), became highly synchronized in ≈4 years, and then decreased. The relationship of native variation of individual trees to the population and to flower initiation and fruiting are discussed in relation to the alternate bearing cycle and significance in selecting trees for experimentation.

scholarly journals Vegetation-free Width and Irrigation Impact Peach Tree Growth, Fruit Yield, Fruit Size, and Incidence of Hemipteran Insect Damage

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie L. Fisk ◽  
Michael L. Parker ◽  
Wayne Mitchem
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Strip Width ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Peach Tree ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fruit Samples

Orchard floor vegetation competes with peach trees for water and nutrients and may harbor pathogens and insects. Tree growth, fruit yield, and fruit size can be optimized through management of vegetation in the tree row and irrigation. Under-tree vegetation-free strip widths (0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, 3.0, and 3.6 m) and irrigation were studied in years four through eight of a young peach orchard to determine their effects on peach tree growth and fruit yield, harvest maturity, and fruit size. Immature fruit samples were collected during thinning in years four through six to determine the effect of the treatments on the incidence of hemipteran (catfacing) insect damage. Trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA), as a measure of tree growth, increased with increasing vegetation-free strip width; trees grown in the 3.6-m vegetation-free strip had TCSAs 2.2 times greater, on average, than trees grown in the 0-m vegetation-free strip. TCSA also increased with irrigation; trees grown with irrigation had TCSAs 1.2 times greater, on average, than trees grown without irrigation. Yield increased with increasing vegetation-free strip width, from 9.6 kg per tree in the 0-m plot to 26.5 kg per tree in the 3.6-m plot in year four, to 24.3 kg per tree in the 0-m plot and 39.6 kg per tree in the 3.6-m plot in year eight, for a total yield over years 4–8 per tree of 100 kg in the 0-m plot compared with 210 kg per tree in the 3.6-m plot. Yield, average fruit weight, and average fruit diameter increased with irrigation in three of 5 years; the other 2 years had higher than average rainfall reducing the need for supplemental irrigation. In 3 out of 5 years fruit in irrigated plots matured earlier than fruit in nonirrigated plots. In all years, fruit grown in the 0-m strip matured earliest and had the smallest diameter. Establishing a vegetation-free strip of as narrow as 0.6 m reduced the incidence of catfacing damage compared with the 0-m treatment, even though the orchard was on a commercial pesticide spray schedule. The least damage was seen with the industry standard vegetation-free strip widths greater than 3.0 m with or without irrigation.

scholarly journals Estimates of genetic parameters for fruit yield and quality in custard apple progenies

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio Lima e Silva ◽  
Rafaela Priscila Antonio ◽  
Keny Henrique Mariguele ◽  
Kathia Maria Barbosa e Silva ◽  
Lidiane Kely de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
Custard Apple

Apparently, there are no custard apple cultivars defined for the northeastern region of Brazil. The establishment of breeding programs aimed at the selection of types from productive locations for later cloning is desirable. This work's objective was to evaluate the yield (during the first three crops) and quality (first crop) of fruits from 20 half-sibling custard apple tree progenies, selected from home orchards. An additional objective was to estimate genetic parameters for the traits evaluated. A micro sprinkling-irrigated experiment was conducted in Mossoró-RN, Brazil, as random blocks with five replications. In characteristics evaluated for periods longer than a year (diameter, height and mean weight of fruits, number of fruits ha-1 and fruit yield (kg ha-1), and a split-plot design was adopted, with progenies considered as plots and annual cropping seasons as subplots. The best progenies in terms of fruit yield (A3 and A4) are not necessarily the best for fruit dimensions and fruit mean weight (A2, FE4, JG1, JG2, SM1, SM7, and SM8). These progenies show great potential to be used in future studies on crosses or on vegetative propagation. In this regard, progeny JG2 should be highlighted as promising in terms of yield and fruit size. The progenies are not different with regard to percentages (in relation to mean fruit mass) of pericarp, endocarp, seeds, and receptacle, in the fruit, and fruit volume, number of seeds/fruit, and total soluble solids content in the fruit pulp, but progeny FE4 presents higher total titratable acidity in the fruit pulp. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were relatively high for all characteristics in which there was variability between progenies, with higher values for number of fruits ha-1 (80 %) and fruit yield (78 %). Relatively high coefficients of genotypic variation (around 20%) were observed for number of fruits ha-1 and fruit yield, with lower values for the other characteristics. There were positive genotypic and phenotypic correlations between fruit diameter (FD) and fruit height, FD and mean fruit weight, and number of fruits ha-1 and fruit yield.

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