scholarly journals Key Problems of Creating the Airframe Durability / Kluczowe Problemy Kształtowania Trwałości Płatowca

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88
Author(s):  
Kamila Kustroń
Keyword(s):  
Accelerated Tests ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Macroscopic Structure ◽  
Structural Coherence ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Durability Testing ◽  
Prevention Activities

Abstract The paper proposes a selected key issues in the efficient formation of the airframe structure. The issues of concern design lifetime, manufacturing, command of the durability proposed in the accelerated tests and management of sustainability in the operation. A key importance is of the creating a durability of the airframe, which affects to choice materials and construction solutions. A key problem is modeling the system of exploitation and the inclusion of all the factors influencing the persistence in the aspect of aviation regulatory requirements. A key area influencing the prevention after air accidents, causes by loss of structural coherence of the airframe macroscopic structure. A key importance is the use of accelerated durability testing. A key issue is to determine if the concept of durability and viability are separate or similar in characteristics of durability. The key is to determine the diamonds of quality. A key importance is attributed to diagnostics, including integrated to airframe structure, defining a continuous condition of the aircraft through research pre-fault symptoms. These studies provide the knowledge which determines prevention activities.

E-Crime and Non-Compliance with Government Regulations on E-Commerce

2010 ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Kyobe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
National Development ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Market Competitiveness ◽  
Security Practices ◽  
Electronic Crime

E-commerce is critical to national development. Small and Medium sized organizations (SMEs) are encouraged to adopt it to address poverty, improve competitiveness and productivity. However, the escalation in electronic crime (e-crime) and lack of compliance with e-commerce regulations threaten e-commerce success in South Africa. While many strategies for improving e-commerce have been suggested, the focus has mainly been on economic and technological factors and less on human and social aspects such as compliance behaviors. This has resulted in the development of e-commerce systems that do not incorporate regulatory requirements. Consequently, the level of exposure to cyber-risks and legal liabilities has increased and SME market competitiveness compromised (Kyobe, 2009). This chapter examines the factors influencing compliance with e-commerce regulations and e-security requirements and how these impact on e-commerce optimization in South African SMEs. It also provides some useful frameworks and checklists SME managers can use to evaluate their compliance behaviors and security practices in order to make improvement to their e-commerce activities.

Structural Equation Modelling of the Factors Influencing the Adoption of E-Commerce in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 556-579
Author(s):  
Abdullah Saleh Alqahtani ◽  
Robert Goodwin ◽  
Denise de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Region Growth ◽  
Global Growth

This article presents findings from a study examining the diffusion and adoption of e-commerce in Saudi Arabia. Although the country has the largest and fastest growing information and communication technologies (ICT) sector in the Arab region, growth in e-commerce activities has not progressed at a commensurate rate. In general, e-commerce online shopping has not kept pace with the global growth of online retailing. The authors have conducted research to identify and explore key issues that influence e-commerce in Saudi Arabia in deciding whether or not to adopt online channels. As part of a larger research project using mixed methods, this article focuses on a quantitative analysis of responses obtained from a survey of the online shopping users in Saudi Arabia.

E-Government Adoption and Acceptance

2011 ◽  
pp. 1796-1814
Author(s):  
Ryad Titah ◽  
Henri Barki
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Multi Level

Despite increased research interest on e-government, the field currently lacks sound theoretical frameworks that can be useful in addressing two key issues concerning the implementation of e-government systems: (1) a better understanding of the factors influencing the adoption of e-government systems, and (2) the integration of various e-government applications. The objective of this paper is to provide a foundation towards the development of a theoretical framework for the implementation of e-government systems via extensive literature review, which resulted in (1) a synthesis of existing empirical findings and theoretical perspectives related to e-government adoption, and (2) development of the premises of a conceptual model that would reflect the multi-level and multi-dimensional nature of e-government systems’ acceptance.

E-Government Adoption and Acceptance

2008 ◽  
pp. 42-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryad Titah ◽  
Henri Barki
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Systems Implementation ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Key Issues

Despite increased research interest on e-Government, existing research has not adequately addressed two key issues concerning the implementation and integration of e-government systems: a better understanding of the factors influencing the adoption and acceptance of e-Government systems, and a better understanding of the factors that influence the effective usage of these systems. The objective of the present paper is to lay the groundwork for the development of a theoretical framework of e-government systems implementation. Based on an extensive review of the literature the paper provides a synthesis of existing empirical findings and theoretical perspectives related to e-Government adoption and presents the premises of a conceptual model that reflects the multi-dimensional nature of the acceptance and use of e-Government systems.

scholarly journals Barriers and Facilitative Factors in the Implementation of Workplace Health Promotion Activities in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Saito ◽  
Miyuki Odawara ◽  
Hirokazu Takahashi ◽  
Maiko Fujimori ◽  
Akiko Yaguchi-Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Workplace Health Promotion ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Prevention Activities ◽  
Health Managers

Abstract Background: It is reasonable to target small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as a workplace to promote the implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for reducing health inequalities. Previous literature reveals various barriers that SMEs face during implementation, such as a lack of time, accessibility, and resources. However, few studies have comprehensively examined those influential factors at multi-levels. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the implementation of non-communicable disease prevention activities (tobacco, alcohol, diet, physical activity, and health check-up) in SMEs using Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Methods: We conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with health managers and/or employers in 15 enterprise, and four focus groups among public health nurses/nutritionists of health insurers who support SMEs in four prefectures across Japan. A qualitative content analysis by a deductive directed approach was performed. After coding the interview transcript text into the CFIR framework constructs by two independent researchers, the coding results were compared and revised in each enterprise until an agreement was reached.Results: Of the 39 CFIR constructs, 25 were facilitative and 7 were inhibitory for workplace health promotion implementation in SMEs, which were across individual, internal, and external levels. In particular, the leadership engagement of employers in implementing the workplace health promotion activities was identified as a fundamental factor which may influence other facilitators, including “access to knowledge and information,” “relative priority,” “learning climate,” at organizational level, and “self-efficacy” at health manager level. The main barrier was the beliefs held by the employer/manager that “health management is one's own responsibility.” Conclusions: Multi-level factors influencing the implementation of non-communicable diseases prevention activities in SMEs were identified. In resource-poor settings, strong endorsement and support, and positive feedback from employers would be important for health managers and employees to be highly motivated and promote or participate in health promotion. Future studies are needed to develop context-specific strategies based on identified barriers and facilitative factors, and empirically evaluate them, which would contribute to narrowing the inequalities in worksite health promotion implementation by company size.

The Significance of Accelerated Laboratory Testing Methods Determining the Natural Durability of Wood

Holzforschung ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Van Acker ◽  
H. Militz ◽  
M. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Brown Rot ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Natural Durability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Accelerated Tests ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Poria Placenta ◽  
Durability Testing

Summary Under laboratory conditions basidiomycete and soft rot tests were carried out on more than 20 hardwood species and 3 softwood species together with reference species to evaluate their natural durability according to the European standard EN 350 part 1. The basidiomycetes tests were carried out using Gloeophyllum trabeum, Coniophora puteana, Poria placenta and Coriolus versicolor, all fungal strains in malt agar tests and in agreement with the EN 113. Such tests did not provide a solid basis to classify all wood species according to known durability classes (EN 350, part 2). There was only a distinct differentiation noted between those species belonging to the group with a durability classified 1 to 3 and those classified 4 to 5. Conclusively, only limited additional information on durability of tropical hardwoods was gained from brown rot tests. Despite both types of laboratory tests on soft rot, prescribed in ENV 807 (vermiculite and soil) which show the essential differences to the basidiomycete test results, it has not been possible to classify the durability subdivisions in a more substantial way. Adding to these tests the durability classification, based upon a field stake test (EN 252) and a greenhouse accelerated stake test, was also carried out. Using this last method, results can be gathered more rapidly and consequently confirm the efficiency of lab tests. Generally it is perceived that lab tests and accelerated tests are important tools in the prediction of the natural durability of wood. To further improve the predictability value, durability testing would be enhanced when using a hazard class orientation. Therefore the function of the conclusive end product can be identified in a more obvious way.

Factors Influencing the Conversion of Carotenoids to Retinol: Bioavailability to Bioconversion to Bioefficacy

2002 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry A. Tanumihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Matrix Properties ◽  
Key Issues

Vitamin A (retinol) is a necessary nutrient for vision, reproduction, growth, and immune function. Pro-vitamin A carotenoids are an important source, especially in developing countries. While preformed vitamin A is readily available from foods, carotenoids are much more difficult to assimilate. A number of factors have been identified that either enhance or hinder the bioavailability of carotenoids. These have been presented in the literature and given the mnemonic SLAMENGHI by some researchers. The following factors are summarized: Species of carotenoid, molecular Linkage, Amount in the meal, Matrix properties, Effectors, Nutrient status, Genetics, Host specificity, and Interactions between factors. Identifying which of these are key issues for the general public, and promoting the increased consumption of fruits and vegetables with moderate and high levels of pro-vitamin A carotenoids, are important to vitamin A status and overall good health.

Impoliteness Revisited: Evidence from Qingmian Threats in Chinese Interpersonal Conflicts

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongping Ran ◽  
Linsen Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Moral Order ◽  
Politeness Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Conflicts ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Key Issues

Abstract There is a growing consensus that (im)politeness is associated with participants’ situated evaluations vis-à-vis the moral order (Haugh 2013a, 2015b; Kádár and Haugh 2013). This paper focuses on impoliteness as evaluative practices underpinned by the moral order of qingmian (lit., affection-based face). Drawing on data from Chinese interpersonal conflicts, the study reveals that unmet renqing (favor) expectations and unmet mianzi/lian (face) expectations are often evaluated as qingmian threats by participants, and thereby cause conflicts and disharmony. Our analysis investigates three key issues: (1) qingmian threat as the cause of interpersonal conflicts, (2) cultural factors influencing expectations associated with ‘taking offence’ in Chinese and (3) the implications of qingmian threat for (im)politeness theory at the etic level.

Experimental Study on Effect of Recycled Asphalt Mixture Particles on Properties of Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Dong Sheng Zhang ◽  
Wei Wei Han ◽  
Ai Qin Shen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Plastic Shrinkage ◽  
Durability Testing ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

To study the effect of different dosage of recycled asphalt mixture particles on the performance of concrete, the mechanical characteristics, shrinkage performance and durability testing were performed, the results show that the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete are decreased with the increase of dosage recycled asphalt mixture particles, while still meet the regulatory requirements; the capability of plastic shrinkage resistance can be improved by incorporated recycled asphalt mixture fine particles, yet slight effective on the temperature shrinkage; the durability of concrete changes as a result of incorporation of recycled asphalt mixture fine particles, the durability of concrete with a dosage of 20% is considered in the optimal state, so the recommended dosage is 20%.

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