scholarly journals Measuring a Multifaceted Concept: A high Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis Towards Internal Marketing

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-245
Author(s):  
Zia Khalid ◽  
Noor Ul Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Marketing ◽  
High Order ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Informational Justice ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Third Dimension

Abstract Multi-dimensionality of internal marketing (IM) concept continuously poses a challenge for researchers because a number of measurement approaches have been used for more than a quarter of a century since its maiden empirical inception. These multiple operationalizations have augmented confusion and decision-makers are not sure which one to rely on for optimal results. Additionally, due to its evolutionary nature, research has not kept up with the pace to substantiate this evolution empirically, leaving a void for researchers to proceed for a quantitative investigation to extend its boundaries. The present research takes up this challenge and provides an empirical evidence to prove its progression. As IM is multi-faceted in nature, this research chips in two brand new dimensions, informational justice and developmental opportunities, to the IM mix, while a third dimension that has only once been studied in connection with an IM work, is also enfolded. To this end, a top-down high order confirmatory factor analysis was done to identify the underlying structure of IM dimensions. Findings of the study revealed that the hypothesized five dimensions of IM are confirmed dimensions of IM concept. This empirical stamp will embolden researchers to devise measurement scales preferably sensitive to its growing character, and capitalize on its prowess to adapt to the novelties and peculiarities of a specific industry. Moreover, this study will help in making it a more reliable tool for managers to negotiate new constraints imposed by Covid in a post-Covid world.

Confirmatory factor analysis of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 short form in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 692-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. ten Klooster ◽  
Martine M. Veehof ◽  
Erik Taal ◽  
Piet L. C. M. van Riel ◽  
Mart A. F. J. van de Laar
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Impact Measurement ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Sternberg Triarchic Abilities Test in Three International Samples

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Sternberg ◽  
J.L. Castejón ◽  
M.D. Prieto ◽  
Jarkko Hautamäki ◽  
Elena L. Grigorenko
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
School Students ◽  
Theory Of Intelligence ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Order Factor

Summary: In the current study we compare different theoretical models of the underlying structure of the STAT (Sternberg Triarchic Abilities Test), Level-H, by using the techniques of confirmatory factor analysis on a combined sample of 3278 school students from the United States, Finland, and Spain. The results of the comparison of a number of models - using the strategy of hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis (HCFA) and comparing nested and alternative models, specified under different assumed theories relative to a unidimensional concept of general intelligence, a traditional factorial concept, and a triarchic model - illustrate that the second-order factor model based on the triarchic theory of intelligence achieves the best (albeit far from perfect) fit to the empirical data.

Examining Situational Interest in Physical Education: A New Inventory

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hongying Wang ◽  
Bo Shen ◽  
Jin Bo
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Situational Interest ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Learning Content ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Theoretical Mechanism ◽  
Instruction And Learning

Purpose: With the belief that situational interest (SI) can be characterized as being triggered and maintained, the authors conducted this study to identify the underlying structure of SI and to develop a new measurement in physical education. Method: There were 558 students from two urban high schools in Shanghai, China, who served as participants. The authors developed the Situational Interest Inventory-Physical Education through three systematic stages. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted. Results: An exploratory factor analysis provided preliminary support, with a model comprising three components: triggered SI, maintained SI feeling, and maintained SI value. The three-component model was further corroborated through a confirmatory factor analysis. Its predictive validity was supported with significant correlations to in-class engagement. Conclusion: The findings lend initial evidence to the theoretical mechanism of interest development. Clarifying how SI is related to the mode of teachers’ instruction and learning content may help design effective motivational strategies and nurture long-term individual interest.

scholarly journals Using Internal Marketing to Extract Value: An Empirical Study on the Algerian Private Health Organizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Nahed Hebbaz ◽  
Khalil Chergui
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Internal Marketing ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship of the internal marketing with extracting value in the Algerian private health organizations. This study was conducted based on a psychometrically validated questionnaire which designed and distributed to a random sample of 169 Algerian private health organizations managers. 136 managers filled the questionnaire. Confirmatory Factor Analysis has been used as statistical methods to analyse the three developed hypotheses.  In particularly, we found that: (a) Algerian private health organizations use internal marketing to extract value. (b) There is statistically significant relationship between “Internal Marketing (IM)” and “extract value” amongst the Algerian private health organizations (C) There is a statistically significant difference amongst the Algerian private health organizations toward extract value due to experience of organizations.

Polish Adaptation of the Death Attitude Profile—Revised

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Brudek ◽  
Marcin Sękowski ◽  
Stanisława Steuden
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Attitudes Toward Death ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Polish Adaptation

The article presents the results of work on the Polish adaptation of the Death Attitude Profile—Revised by Wong, Reker, and Gesser (1994). The psychometric properties of the Polish version of the tool have been described. The results are consistent with the original version of the questionnaire and confirm that the Polish version of Death Attitude Profile—Revised fulfils the psychometric requirements for psychological tests and, as a result, can be applied in scientific research. The final version of the questionnaire consists of 32 items (including 31 diagnostic ones) that make up five dimensions of attitudes toward death: (a) Fear of Death, (b) Death Avoidance, (c) Neutral Acceptance, (d) Escape Acceptance, and (e) Approach Acceptance. The questionnaire was tested on 1,285 subjects aged 13 to 90 years ( M = 47.27, SD = 18.21). Reliability values (Cronbach’s α) for individual scales vary from α = .63 to α = .89. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire.

scholarly journals Development and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Organisational Communication in Primary Schools Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
John De Nobile
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Questionnaire Development ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
School Communication ◽  
Organisational Communication ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This article describes the development and subsequent testing of scales representing functions and features of school communication among staff in Australian primary schools using the Organisational Communication in Primary Schools Questionnaire (OCPSQ). The OCPSQ was developed to measure aspects of communication occurring vertically between school leadership and staff members and horizontally among staff members. Elements of classical, human relations, and cultural theories were used to guide questionnaire development. Items were developed to represent theorised communication constructs derived from previous literature. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the underlying structure of aspects of communication. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed as a validation of the OCPSQ and its constructs. An interpretable ten-factor solution, representing salient functions and features of organisational communication, was established. Scales generated by the OCPSQ were found to have high reliabilities. The scales represented supportive, directive, cultural, and democratic functions, as well as features of communication relating to openness and load.

Is it time to change the gold standard of obsessive-compulsive disorder severity assessment? Factor structure of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 732-742
Author(s):  
Daniel Fatori ◽  
Daniel LC Costa ◽  
Fernando R Asbahr ◽  
Ygor A Ferrão ◽  
Maria Conceição Rosário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
High Order ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Fit Indexes

Objectives: The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale has been considered the gold standard scale to assess obsessive-compulsive disorder severity. Previous studies using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis with this scale showed mixed findings in terms of factor structure and fit of models. Therefore, we used confirmatory factor analysis to compare different Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale models in a large sample aiming to identify the best model fit. Methods: We assessed adult obsessive-compulsive disorder patients ( n = 955) using three measures: Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale severity ratings, the Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale and the clinical global impression scale. We tested all factor structures reported by previous studies to investigate which model best fitted the data: one-factor, two-factor, three-factor and their equivalent high-order solutions. We also investigated Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale items correlations with scores from the other measures of obsessive-compulsive disorder severity. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis models presented mediocre to fair goodness-of-fit indexes. Severity items related to resistance to obsessions and compulsions presented low factor loadings. The model with the best fit indexes was a high-order model without obsessive-compulsive disorder resistance items. These items also presented small correlations with other obsessive-compulsive disorder severity measures. Conclusion: The obsessive-compulsive disorder field needs to discuss further improvements in the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale and/or continue to search for better measures of obsessive-compulsive disorder severity.

Sociotropy, Autonomy, and Self-Criticism Are Three Distinguishable Dimensions of Cognitive-Personality Vulnerability

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golan Shahar ◽  
Nirit Soffer ◽  
Eva Gilboa-Shechtman
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Personality Vulnerability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Personality Vulnerabilities ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Three Factor

Whereas both Blatt (1974) and Beck (1983) postulated the existence of two basic cognitive-personality vulnerabilities to depression—sociotropic/anaclitic and autonomous/introjective—recent research and theorizing suggest that self-criticism is a third dimension of vulnerability. To examine the supposition that sociotropy, autonomy, and self-criticism constitute three distinct dimensions of vulnerability, we administered the Personal Style Inventory (PSI; Robins et al., 1994), six items from the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ; Blatt, D’Afflitti, & Quinlan, 1976) and the Brief Symptoms Inventory (BSI; Derogatis & Melisaratos, 1983) to 203 Israeli young adults. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provided support for the hypothesized three-factor solution. Regression analyses indicated that each of these dimensions was associated with psychopathology. Findings encourage further integrative work in the field of personality vulnerability.

Testing Destination Image Scale Invariance For Intergroup Comparison

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-251
Author(s):  
Demet Ceylan ◽  
Beykan Çizel ◽  
Hatice KarakaŞ
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
And Gender

In destination image studies, researchers often compare individuals and groups with measurement scales. Classical Test Theory (CTT) assumes, when comparing groups, that the scale measures the same social psychological construct in all groups. The assurance of measurement invariance is a prerequisite for meaningful comparisons across groups. This article reviews theoretical and methodological issues regarding measurement invariance within the framework of confirmatory factor analysis, and aims to test the measurement invariance of the destination image scale by nationality and gender. Confirmatory factor analysis assures that scores obtained from a destination image measurement model can be generalized for three nationalities and gender groups. In this respect, the results of the survey provide evidence that the scale can deliver valid and reliable measurements in determining the characteristics of British, German, and Russian tourists without gender bias. Invariance test assures the measurement model to be invariant for both females and males and therefore it is appropriate to compare the results across genders. The findings of this research and analysis methods used provide valuable insights to destination image literature and cast light on the path for future researchers.

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