scholarly journals Wintering waterbird assemblage in an emerging wetland of West Bengal, India: characterization for conservation management

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Anupam Chakraborty ◽  
Himangshu Barman ◽  
Goutam K. Saha ◽  
Gautam Aditya
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Counting Period ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Waterbird Species

Abstract Waterbirds constitute a prominent biota and reflect the ecosystem health and functionality of the freshwater wetlands. Documentation of the bird species assemblages of wetlands is therefore carried out as a part of monitoring of wetlands from a sustainability viewpoint. Using the emerging wetland of Purbasthali, West Bengal, India, as a model study area, the diversity of the associated bird species was estimated to supplement necessary information for conservation management of birds and ecosystems. The point count method was applied to count the waterbirds from each sighting location with a 25 m radius covering 360° arc and the counting period lasted 10 min for each site, and counts were made in the winter of 2016/2017. The data on the waterbirds encountered were recorded and subjected to diversity analysis, including the residential status, global population trend and feeding guilds. Apparently, the wetland was considered as suitable habitat for 27 waterbird species, which could be grouped under 24 genera, 10 families and 5 orders. Among these, the family Anatidae with maximum relative density and abundance dominated in the wetland. Out of the 27 recorded species, 5 species were widespread winter visitors, 3 species widespread resident, as well as, widespread winter visitors and 2 species were sparse local winter visitors. A globally near threatened species, the Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) was very common in the sampling sites. The waterbird assemblage in the wetland was dominated by carnivores followed by omnivores and herbivores. The abundance of the waterbirds with considerable variations in the foraging guild reflects availability and exploitation of multiple resources of the Purbasthali wetlands. Prominence in the differences in relative abundance of the different waterbirds could be linked with the heterogeneity in the habitat quality. The present information on waterbird assemblage calls for appropriate measures for conservation of the species and appropriate management of Purbasthali wetlands.

scholarly journals Species diversity and feeding guilds of birds in Malaysian agarwood plantations

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 16954-16961
Author(s):  
Nor Nasibah Mohd Jamil ◽  
Husni Ibrahim ◽  
Haniza Hanim Mohd Zain ◽  
Nur Hidayat Che Musa
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Insect Order ◽  
Wide Range

In Malaysia, the current status of birds inhabiting agarwood Aquilaria malaccensis plantations has not been specifically studied, and little research has been conducted to investigate birds in other agricultural areas (e.g., rubber, acacia, and oil palm plantations) and disturbed areas.  This study was conducted to assess bird species richness and relative abundance, as well as feeding guilds, in two agarwood plantation sites: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris in Tanjong Malim (UPSI), and Slim River (SR).  The presence of birds was recorded using a combination of techniques (mist-nets and point count), while various sources were used to compile feeding information.  This study recorded 364 birds from 36 species in 24 families.  Shannon diversity index (H’) values for the UPSI and SR sites were 2.896 and 2.492 respectively, indicating high bird diversity.  The Bray-Curtis index was 0.29, indicating these sites share few species.  Insectivorous and omnivorous birds were dominant in UPSI (31%), and omnivores at SR (32%).  The commonest insect order at both sites was Orthoptera (UPSI 48%, SR 25%).  While agarwood plantations are relatively homogeneous, they provide a variety of food sources and shelter for a wide range of birds. 

scholarly journals Bird community structure as a function of habitat heterogeneity: A case of Mardi Himal, Central Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Pandey ◽  
Laxman Khanal ◽  
Neeti Chapagain ◽  
K. Deepak Singh ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Central Nepal

Abstract. Pandey N, Khanal L, Chapagain N, Singh KD, Bhattarai BP, Chalise MK. 2021. Bird community structure as a function of habitat heterogeneity: A case of Mardi Himal, Central Nepal. Biodiversitas 22: 262-271. Community structure of birds at different habitat types is underexplored in the montane environment of the central Himalaya. Therefore, this study explored bird community structure in different habitat types in Mardi Himal of the Annapurna Conservation Area, central Nepal, and tested association of different feeding guilds with the habitats. Data on the avian richness and abundance were collected in the winter and the summer of 2019 by point count method along the elevational gradient in every 100 m rise and analyzed using ordination methods. A total of 673 individuals of 112 bird species from 35 families under 13 orders were recorded. Among the observed orders and families, the order Passeriformes (77 species) and family Muscicapidae (16 species) were the most dominant. A linear species accumulation curve was obtained in both seasons. Species richness and abundance were found higher at forest edges of mid-elevations and insectivores were the most abundant birds. Frugivorous and carnivorous birds showed no specific association with habitat types, whereas, insectivores and omnivores were more abundant in pastureland and forest, respectively. Our results revealed that the community composition of birds varies with the habitat types and their feeding specialization is one of the major determinants.

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman Jenis Satwa Burung di Areal Mangrove Desa Passo Kecamatan Teluk Ambon Baguala Kota Ambon

MAKILA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
Maya M.S. Puttileihalat ◽  
A. Tuhumury ◽  
J.Ch. Hitipeuw
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
Waterbird Species ◽  
Water Birds ◽  
Point Count Method ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Mangrove forests have many functions, one of which is a habitat for various water birds and birds. Birds make mangroves a habitat to find food, breed, or just rest. Birds that can be found in mangrove forests can be birds that live and nest in mangrove forests and birds that come from other habitats that only occasionally visit mangroves to find food or rest. The research method used is the Point Count method, where the observation technique is carried out at a point, and the observations are carried out over a certain period. The number of bird species recorded in the mangrove area of ​​Passo Village was 11 species from 9 genera, seven families, and seven orders. The average number of individuals recorded during the research activity was 197 individuals. 72.73% of the composition of bird species in the mangrove area of ​​Passo Village are waterbird species, including four orders from a total of 7 charges, and four families from a total of 7 families, and six genera from a total of 9 genera; while the other 27.27% are terrestrial bird species.

scholarly journals Composition, diversity and foraging guilds of avifauna in a suburban area of southern West Bengal, India

The Ring ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiladitya Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Subhendu Mazumdar
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Suburban Area ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Avian Communities ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Fixed Radius ◽  
Point Count Method

AbstractAvian communities are very good indicators of any ecosystem. Despite the alarming consequences of rapid urbanization, studies of avian diversity in the human-dominated landscapes of India are very few. Therefore, we studied the avian assemblage of Bongaon in southern West Bengal, India, a suburban area whose avifauna has thus far remained undocumented. Bird surveys were carried out from June 2015 to May 2016, following the fixed-radius (25 m) point count method together with opportunistic observations. We recorded 119 avian species belonging to 53 families.Ardeidaewas the most diverse avian family in the study area (RDi value = 5.882). Among the recorded avifauna, 89 species were resident, 26 species were winter visitors, three species were summer visitors, and one species was a passage migrant. Species richness of the resident and passage migrant species did not vary seasonally, while the winter and summer visitors displayed significant seasonal variation. In this suburban area, the species richness of feeding guilds varied significantly. Most birds were insectivorous (41.2%), followed by carnivorous (24.4%), omnivorous (18.5%), granivorous (7.6%), frugivorous (3.4%), nectarivorous (3.4%) and herbivorous species (1.7%). Maximum species richness was recorded in November and minimum species richness in July. Black-headed IbisThreskiornis melanocephalusand Alexandrine ParakeetPsittacula eupatriaare two near-threatened species found in this region. Interestingly, six species having a globally declining trend are still very common in the study area. Long-term studies are required to monitor any change in the avian communities of this suburban landscape resulting from urbanization.

scholarly journals Community composition and status of avifaunal diversity in and around Ottu reservoir of Sirsa, Haryana, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-606
Author(s):  
Deepak Rai ◽  
Vanita
Keyword(s):  
Species Abundance ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Potential Habitat ◽  
Population Pattern

Assessments of avian communities’ composition in different habitats give an emphasis in monitoring environmental perspective. Depending on specific habitat functioning, their population pattern helps to determine the ecological health of an area. Bird surveys were accomplished on a fortnightly basis from October 2019 to September 2020 using Scan sampling, Point count and Line transect methods for evaluation of species abundance and richness in and around Ottu Reservoir, district Sirsa, Haryana (India). A total of 114 species comprising 91 genera, 47 families and 18 orders were recorded, among which 76 species were resident, 30 winter migrants and 8 summer migrants. Out of reported 114 species of birds, one species was vulnerable, 6 Near-threatened as listed by IUCN. Three bird species were listed under Schedule-I and the remaining species under Schedule-IV of IWPA (1972); six species under appendices of CITES (2012). Species such as Rock dove Columba livia, Lesser Whistling-duck Dendrocygna javanica and Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos with decreasing IUCN population trends were reported abundantly in the study area. Analysis of feeding guilds results revealed that Carnivores as predominated guild due to enriched food material. The presence of diverse plantation, aquatic body, serenity and agricultural fields serve the reservoir as potential habitat for residential and migratory species. Therefore, effective measures must be taken for the conservation of this area as a potential site for avian diversity.

scholarly journals Bird composition, diversity and foraging guilds in agricultural landscapes: a case study from eastern Uttar Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 19011-19028
Author(s):  
Yashmita-Ulman ◽  
Manoj Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Point Count Method ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Birds have a significant role in maintaining the ecological balance of agro-ecosystems. But yet there is no documentation related to bird diversity in the agricultural landscapes of eastern Uttar Pradesh. This study was conducted from March 2019 to February 2020 using fixed radius point count method in Ayodhya district of eastern Uttar Pradesh. A total of 139 bird species belonging to 107 genera, 49 families and 15 orders were recorded from the study area. Passeriformes was the most dominant order with 28 families and 76 species. Accipitridae and Muscicapidae were the most diverse families with 11 species each and RDi value of 7.91. Among the recorded bird species, 105 species (76%) were resident, 29 species (21%) were winter visitors and only 5 species (4%) were summer visitors. According to the feeding guilds, omnivores (46 species, 33%) were highly represented, followed by insectivores (31%), carnivores (25%), granivores (6%), frugivores (4%) and nectarivores (1%). The Sohawal tehsil was found to have the highest species richness and a Shannon-Weiner diversity index (133, 4.30). Aquila nipalensis and Neophron percnopterus were the two ‘Endangered’ species, Antigone antigone and Clanga hastata were the two ‘Vulnerable’ species and Ciconia episcopus, Gyps himalayensis, Mycteria leucocephala and Psittacula eupatria were the four ‘Near Threatened’ species found in this region. In addition to this, the region also supported 31 species (22%) whose global population trend is decreasing. This study provides a baseline data on the bird diversity present in agricultural landscapes of this region. Based on which further studies should be designed to understand the factors influencing the diversity of birds in these agricultural landscapes which are continuously subjected to anthropogenic pressures.

scholarly journals Power line routing and configuration as major drivers of collision risk in two bustard species

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Teresa Marques ◽  
Ricardo C. Martins ◽  
João Paulo Silva ◽  
Jorge M. Palmeirim ◽  
Francisco Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Collision Risk ◽  
Great Bustard ◽  
Line Configuration ◽  
Tetrax Tetrax

Abstract Collision with power lines is a major cause of mortality for many bird species. Understanding the biotic and abiotic factors that increase collision risk is therefore important for implementing mitigation measures to minimize mortality, such as power line rerouting or wire marking. Here, we used collision events registered during 2003–2015 along 280 km of transmission power lines in southern Portugal to analyse spatio-temporal patterns and collision risk factors in two sympatric, threatened, and collision-prone species: the great bustard Otis tarda and the little bustard Tetrax tetrax. The occurrence of collisions was not uniform across space and time, and variations could be explained by the species' ecological requirements, distribution patterns and behaviour. Although both species fly considerable distances between areas of suitable habitat, collisions were far more likely in power line sections with > 20% (for the little bustard) or > 50% (for the great bustard) of open farmland habitat in the surroundings. Power line configuration was also important: taller pylons and those with a higher number of wire levels posed a higher risk for both species. Wire marking had a small but significant effect for the little bustard, reducing collisions risk. There was, however, no similar effect for the great bustard, possibly a result of limited data. Mitigation measures should be implemented to prevent bustard collisions, including adequate route planning, ideally avoiding areas with > 20% of open habitat. Line configuration and wire marking are particularly important where such localities cannot be avoided and power lines cross areas with a high proportion of bustard habitat, including outside protected areas.

scholarly journals An Assessment on Bird’s Diversity in Bagmati River Corridor

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Saroj Thapa ◽  
Shambhu Paudel ◽  
Dipak BK
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Point Count ◽  
The Public ◽  
One Year ◽  
Bagmati River ◽  
River Corridor

Bagmati River is considered as a potential conservation area in terms of the bio-diversity conservation due to its unique and diversified habitat distribution. Due to various causes, the river is being polluted and hence habitat degradation rate is increasing. As a consequence, the direct effect is seen on birds inhabiting there. Aiming the assessment of bird's diversity, one year survey was conducted in Bagmati River from Tilganga Bridge to chobhar Gorge Bridge (here after termed as Bagmati river corridor) by applying the point count method .In the total enumeration, 100 of birds species were recorded among which 7 are listed in CITES appendix. The bird species that are regarded as globally threatened are not recorded in the study area. In this report, some potential patches in the study area, are described as hot spots, considering the higher probability of recording maximum number of birds species. The public voice is also collected to find out the public perception on the present status of birds of Bagmati river corridor using the questionaire method. Some causes of habitat destruction and some potential conservation measures are also mentioned. Key Words: Bagmati river corridor, Birds, Conservation, Hotspots, Diversity, Habitat   DOI: 10.3126/init.v2i1.2520 The Initiation Vol.2(1) 2008 pp34-40

scholarly journals Factors affecting the species richness and composition of bird species in a community managed forest of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 19212-19222
Author(s):  
Bishow Poudel ◽  
Bijaya Neupane ◽  
Rajeev Joshi ◽  
Thakur Silwal ◽  
Nirjala Raut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Managed Forest ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index

There exists limited information on biodiversity including avifaunal diversity and habitat condition in community forests (CF) of Nepal; thus we aimed to fulfill such gaps in Tibrekot CF of Kaski district. We used the point count method for assessing bird diversity and laid out a circular plot size of radius 5-m within 15-m distance from each point count station for recording the biophysical habitat characteristics. Bird species’ diversity, richness and evenness were calculated using popular indexes and General Linear Model (GLM) was used to test the respective effect of various biophysical factors associated with the richness of bird species. In total, 166 (summer 122, winter 125) bird species were recorded in 46 sample plots. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was calculated as 3.99 and 4.09, Margalef’s richness index as 16.84 and 17.53 and Pielou’s evenness index as 0.83 and 0.84 for summer and winter, respectively. The influencing factors for richness of bird species were season (χ21, 90= 112.21; P= 0.016) with higher richness in the summer season and low vegetation cover (χ21, 89= 113.88; P= 0.0064) with higher richness in lower percentage cover. Thus, community managed forest should be protected as it has a significant role in increasing bird diversity, which has potential for attracting avifaunal tourism for the benefit of the local communities.

scholarly journals Avian Surveys in the Korean Inner Border Area, Gimpo, Republic of Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Ah Choi ◽  
Bernhard Seliger ◽  
Nial Moores ◽  
Amaël Borzée ◽  
Chong Hwi Yoon
Keyword(s):  
River Estuary ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
World Population ◽  
Survey Area ◽  
Han River ◽  
Waterbird Species ◽  
Bean Goose ◽  
Han River Estuary

Birds are useful environmental indicators as their presence reflects the health of the food web. Bird occurrence, rarity and abundance are reliable indicators of ecosystem health. Monitoring of avian populations in the Republic of Korea (ROK) is a primary requirement due to plummeting populations and the risks to threatened species. The Ministry of Environment of ROK started conducting winter bird censuses in 1999, including inland areas and coast areas, such as Cheorwon, Yeoncheon, Junam Reservoir and Han River. Cheolwon, Yeoncheon and some extent islands in the West Sea have been survey extensively due to iconic bird species, such as White-naped Crane (Grus vipio) or Red-Crowned Crane (Grus japonensis) wintering there. However, the winter bird census has not covered Yu Islet, Han River Estuary. Yu Islet is located within the Han River Estuary, a protected wetland in the Neutral Zone between the two Koreas and north of Gimpo in the ROK. The Islet currently supports a large, mixed breeding colony of waterbirds, such as one of the nation’s largest concentration of breeding Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) and smaller numbers of breeding Black-faced Spoonbill (Platalea minor), Grey Heron (Ardea cinereal), Great Egret (Ardea alba) and Intermediate Egret (Ardea intermedia). Access to the area has long been restricted for military reasons, but recently, regular survey activity is possible supported by Gimpo City and the military base in Gimpo from November 2018. Here, we provide data demonstrating that Yu Islet is important for breeding for waterbirds; and that the northern Gimpo part of Han River Estuary is also internationally important for waterbirds during the migratory bird season, as defined by the Ramsar Convention (Ramsar 1971, RRC-EA 2017). In particular, four waterbird species were found during the survey in the Main Survey Area: Swan Goose (Anser cygnoides), Taiga Bean Goose (Anser fabalis), Tundra Bean Goose (Anser serrirostris) and Greater White-fronted Goose (Anser frontalis). Once considered widespread in East Asia and abundant, the world population of Swan Goose is now estimated at only 60,000 - 78,000 individuals (Wetlands International 2020) and the species is assessed by BirdLife International as globally Vulnerable (BirdLife International 2020). The 1,010 Swan Goose (Anser cygnoides) counted on the vegetated mudflats at Jogang-Ri in the Main Survey Area on 27 November 2018 represents more than 1% of the total world population of this species. Notably, it is also the highest count of this species in the ROK for at least a decade. The count confirms the continuing international importance of the Han River Estuary for the survival of the Swan Goose. The number counted in November had fallen to 250 by 28 December 2018; and none was recorded in the Main Survey Area in January or February 2019. Although searched for in March, none was noted during the northward migration either. The surveys also found small numbers of nationally-scarce Grey-capped Pygmy Woodpecker (Yungipicus canicapillus) in several areas of woodland surrounded by the Han River Estuary. By selecting the most species-rich count within a given month in each of the two survey sectors, the number of species we recorded ranged from a minimum 29 in January to a maximum of 65 in April 2019. Based on the species recorded, the survey area is clearly important for avian conservation. Its importance derives from the combination of the extensive areas of high-quality wetland and its geographic location within one of the Korea Peninsula’s largest and most important remaining wetland ecosystems, the Han River Estuary. Our surveys resulted in the detection of a substantial number of bird species, especially in March and April when forest-breeding birds are more obviously vocal. The survey result is provided in the supplementary material (Suppl. material 1).

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